中文版本

Opportunity  

The detection of object presence or absence is crucial in various applications, such as security systems, public transportation, and smart home devices. Traditional detection systems, such as motion sensors, pressure sensors, or inductive-capacitive proximity sensors, suffer from significant limitations. For instance, pressure sensors cannot distinguish between humans and inanimate objects, while inductive-capacitive sensors are energy-intensive and prone to interference from external electromagnetic fields or environmental factors like water exposure. Additionally, these sensors often have shorter lifespans and may not perform reliably in crowded or dynamic environments. The need for a more robust, energy-efficient, and accurate detection system that can reliably identify heat-emitting objects (e.g., humans) without false positives or environmental interference presents a clear opportunity for innovation.  

Technology  

This patent introduces a novel system and method for detecting heat-emitting objects by leveraging thermoelectric principles. The system comprises a platform (e.g., a seat, toilet seat, or stove surface) that accommodates the object, a thermoelectric device (e.g., a p-n diode or thermoelectric generator), and an indicator to signal the object’s presence or absence. The thermoelectric device generates a voltage proportional to the temperature gradient between the object and the platform, enabling precise detection. Key innovations include:  

1. Thermoelectric Sensing: The system uses thermoelectric materials (e.g., MARLOW TG12-4L or TEC12703) to convert thermal energy into electrical signals, eliminating the need for external power sources in some configurations.  
2. Dynamic Calibration: The system accounts for thermal equilibrium over time, distinguishing between transient contact (e.g., a brief touch) and sustained presence (e.g., a seated person).  
3. Versatile Applications: The technology adapts to diverse platforms, such as vehicle seats, restroom fixtures, or gas stoves, by monitoring temperature gradients in real time.  
4. Safety Integration: In gas stove applications, the system can shut off gas supply if abnormal temperature gradients or airflow are detected, preventing leaks or accidents.  

Advantages  

• Energy Efficiency: Thermoelectric devices require minimal power, reducing operational costs.  
• High Sensitivity: Detects temperature gradients as small as 1°C, with voltage outputs ranging from 10 mV to 160 mV.  
• Environmental Robustness: Unaffected by electromagnetic interference or moisture, unlike capacitive sensors.  
• Long Lifespan: Solid-state thermoelectric materials degrade slower than mechanical sensors.  
• Real-Time Response: Fast detection (<3 seconds)="" of="" object="" presence/absence.="">

Applications  

• Transportation: Detects seat occupancy in buses/trains to display availability.  
• Public Restrooms: Monitors toilet/sink usage to optimize cleaning schedules.  
• Smart Homes: Integrates with gas stoves to prevent leaks or unattended operation.  
• Safety Systems: Determines passenger presence in vehicles to deploy airbags appropriately.  
• Healthcare: Monitors patient presence in beds or wheelchairs.