Director

• Research Interest
• Awards
• Professional Roles
  • Directorship
  • Editorship
  • Research Committees
  • Reviewer
  • Honorary Positions
  • Government Committees and Community Services
• Invited Talks
  • Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology
  • Organic Electroluminescence
  • Nanodiamond, Cubic-Boron Nitride and Nanostructuring
  • Other Research Areas
• Publications
  • Science and Nature
  • Invited Papers / Invited Review Papers
  • Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology
  • Nanodiamond, Cubic-Boron Nitride and Nanostructuring
  • Organic Light Emitting Diodes
  • Other Research Areas
• Patents
  • Organic Light Emitting Diodes
  • Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
  • Diamond, Nanodiamond and Superhard Coatings
• Book Chapaters

Research Interest

Awards

• Hsun Lee Lecture Award, Institute of Metal Research, CAS, Shenyang, 2006

• National Natural Science Award (2nd Class Award), State Council of the People's Republic of China, 2005

• National Natural Science Award (2nd Class Award), State Council of the People's Republic of China, 2002

• Croucher Senior Research Fellowship Award, Hong Kong, 2002

• Humboldt Research Award, Germany (from Alexander von Humboldt Foundation), 2001

• Shenyang Science and Technology Award (1st Class Award), Shenyang Government of Science and Technology, Shenyang, 1999

Professional Roles

• Fellow, The Academy of Sciences for the Developing World (2006 - present)
• Member (Academican), Chinese Academy of Sciences (2005 - present)

• Directorship
  • Director, Nano-organic Photoelectronic Laboratory, TIPC, CAS, Beijing (2001 - present)

• Editorship
• Overseas Journals
  • Associate Editor, Applied Physics Letters (2006 - present)
  • Guest Editor, Nanotechnology (2005)
  • Regional Editor for Asia, Physica Status Solidi A, B & C (2004 - present)
  • Honorary Editorial Board, Applied Nanoscience (2003 - present)
  • Editorial Board, Journal of Applied Physics (2003 - 2005)
  • Advisory Editorial Board, Advanced Functional Materials (2000 - present)
  • Associate Editor, Diamond and Related Materials, (1995 - present)
• Mainland Journals
  • Editorial Board, Chinese Physical Society - Journal of Luminescence (2004 - present)
  • Editorial Board, Nanotechnology & Precision Engineering (2004 - present)
  • Editorial Board, Journals of Materials Science & Technology (2002 - 2005)
  • Editorial Board, New Carbon Materials (1999 - present)

• Research Committees
  • Joint Selection Committee Member, NSFC/RGC Joint Research Scheme, China (2007 - 2009)
  • Member, Expert Panel for Engineering and Physical Sciences Cluster Ministry of Education, Singapore (2006 - present)
  • Physical Sciences Panel Member, 2006 RAE, RGC, HKSAR (2006)
  • RGC Panel Member, Physical Sciences Panel of the RGC, HKSAR (2004 - 2009)
  • Review Committee Member, Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, (2003 - present)
  • 863 Specialist, 863 High Tech Research and Development Program in "High-Resolution Panel Display Technology", Ministry of Science and Technology, P.R. China (2002 - 2005)
  • Member of the Evaluation Panel, Department of Engineering and Material Science, National Natural Science Foundation of China (2002 - 2003)
  • Member of Reviewing Panel Committee, National Science Council, Taiwan (2001 - present)

• Reviewer
  • Research Proposals
    • National Science Award, State Council of P.R. China (2003 - present)
    • RGC of HK (1995 - present)
    • The US Air Force Office (1987 - 1993)
    • The US National Science Foundation (1987 - 1993)
    • The US Naval Research Laboratory (1987 - 1993)
  • International Journals
    • Science
    • Physical Review Letters
    • Journal of American Chemical Society
    • Advanced Materials
    • Advanced Functional Materials
    • Journal of Applied Physics
    • Applied Physics Letter
    • Journal of Physical Chemistry
    • Nano Letters
    • Physical Review B
    • Journal Vacuum Science & Technology
    • Diamond and Related Materials
    • Journal of Chemical Physics
    • Chemical Physics Letter

• Honorary Positions - Advisory / Guest / Honorary Professor
  • Central South University, Changsha (2007 - present)
  • Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing (2007 - present)
  • Shangdong University, Shangdong (2007 - present)
  • Hefei University of Technology, Heifei (2006 - present)
  • Sichuan University, Chengdu (2006 - present)
  • Changchun Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Changchun (2003 - present)
  • Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai (2002 - present)
  • Xian Institute of Technology, Xian (2002 - present)
  • Peking University, Beijing (2000 - 2002)
  • Jilin University, Changchun (2000 - present)
  • Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS, Beijing (2000 - present)
  • Zhejiang University, Hangzhou (2000 - present)
  • Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing (1998 - 2001)
  • Fudan University, Shanghai (1998 - present)
  • Hunan University, Hunan (1996 - present)
  • Dalian University of Science and Technology, Dalian (1995 - present)

• Government Committees & Community Services
  • Selection Committee, The University of Hong Kong's Distinguished Research Achievement Award (2007)
  • Advisor, Beijing - Hong Kong Academic Exchange Centre, HKSAR (2006 - present)
  • Hong Kong Convention Ambassador, Conventions & Exhibitions, HK Tourism Board (2006 - 2007)
  • Member, Municipal Services Appeals Board, The Government of HKSAR (2003 - present)
  • Member of the Solicitors Disciplinary Tribunal Panel, Court of Final Appeal, HKSAR (2003 - 2006)
  • Adjudicator, Registration of Persons Tribunal, The Government of HKSAR (1998 - 2005)
  • Member of the Executive Committee, HK Student Aid Society, HKSAR (1997 - present)
  • Chairman, Anna Leung-Yee Tang Scholarship Fund( - present)

Invited Talks

Over 100 invited conference lecturers and invited talks to industrial, research institutes and academic groups.

• Nanomaterials & Nanotechnology
  1. S.T. Lee, Plenary Talk – “Si and II-VI Nanomaterials Research”, Singapore International Chemical Conference 5 (SICC-5), 15 – 19 December 2007, Singapore.
  2. S.T. Lee, “Chemical & Sensing Application of SiNWs”, JJ. Nanowires: Novel Assembly Concepts and Device Integration, MRS Fall Meeting, 26 Nov – 29 November 2007, Boston, USA
  3. S.T. Lee, “Nanotechnology Technology and Daily Living”, Distinguished Chinese Scientists Lecture Series, 25 – 27 October 2007, Hong Kong
  4. S.T. Lee, “Novel properties of silicon nanostructures”, HK IAS - US ICMR Workshop on Advanced Materials, 12-15 September 2007, Hong Kong.
  5. S.T. Lee, Plenary Talk – “Atomic structure and novel properties of semiconductor nanowires”, Asian Pacific Conference on Surface Science and Engineering, 19-21 December 2006, Hong Kong
  6. S.T. Lee, “"Novel Properties of Silicon Nanostructures", The 5th Cross-Strait Workshop on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 9-11 December 2006, Hong Kong.
  7. S.T. Lee, Plenary Talk - “Synthesis and novel properties of Si and II-VI nanowires and nanoribbons”, The 14th National Symposium on Compound Semiconductor Materials and Microwave and Optical Devices (第十四屆全國化合物半導體材料、微波器件和光電器件學術會議), 4-11 November 2006, Beihai.
  8. S.T. Lee, Hsun Lee Lecture Award – “Semiconducting nanomaterials research”, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 24 July 2006, Shenyang.
  9. S.T. Lee, “Synthesis, atomic structure and novel properties of Si nanowires”,  Fifth Joint Meeting of Chinese Physicists Worldwide “OCPA5” , titled “International Conference on Physics Education and Frontier Research”, 27 - 30 June 2006, Taipei.
  10. S.T. Lee, “Chemical, bio-sensing and photoconductive properties of semiconductor nanowires”,  The 2nd Symposium on the Crossing Frontier of Bio- and Nano-science, 3-7 May 2006, Xiamen.
  11. S. T. Lee, “Semiconductor nanowires and nanoribbons”, Symposium in Honor of the Retirement of Prof. Wai-Kee Li, 13 May 2006, Hong Kong.
  12. S.T. Lee, “Synthesis and properties of Si and II-VI nanowires”,  The 2nd China-US Workshop on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 21-25 March, 2006, Virginia.
  13. S.T. Lee, “Chemical, bio-sensing and photoconductive properties of semiconductor nanowires”,  ECI Conference - Innovative Nanoscale Approach to Dynamic Studies of Materials, 9 - 14 January 2006, Okinawa, Japan.
  14. S.T. Lee, Plenary Talk – “Synthesis and novel properties of semiconductor nanowires and nanoribbons”, "Supramolecular chemistry/inorganic chemistry", SSCI-4 Singapore International Chemical Conference, 8-10 Dec 05, Singapore.
  15. S.T. Lee, “Chemical and bio-sensing properties of silicon nanowires”, The 2nd China-Korea workshop on Nanowires and Nanotubes, 27-30 October 2005, Beijing.
  16. S.T. Lee, “Chemical and bio-sensing properties of silicon nanowires”, The 4th Cross-Strait Workshop on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Lijiang, 22-25 August 2005, Lijiang.
  17. S.T. Lee, “Chemical and bio-sensing properties of silicon nanowires”, NATO Research Workshop on Nanocomposites, 23-25 May 2005, Greece.
  18. S.T. Lee, “Chemical and bio-sensing properties of silicon nanowires”, The 1st Conference on Nanoscience and Nanobiology, 4-7 May 2005, Qingdao.
  19. S.T. Lee, “Novel properties of Si and II-VI nanowires and nanoribbons”, International Conference on One-dimensional Nanomaterials, 10-15 January 2005, Taipei
  20. S.T. Lee, “Optoelectronic Properties of Semiconducting Nanowires and Nanoribbons”, MRC Workshop on “Science & Technology of Semiconducting Nanowires”, 15-16 November 2004, Zurich
  21. S.T. Lee, “Semiconducting nanowires – synthesis, characterization and novel properties”, 51st AVS International Symposium, 14-19 November, 2004, USA.
  22. S.T. Lee, “Atomic structure and electron properties of silicon nanowire surfaces”, Beijing-TEDA 2004 Scanning Probe Microscopy, Sensors and Nanostructures, 23-26 May 2004, Beijing, P.R. China
  23. S. T. Lee, Plenary Talk – “Novel properties and applications of semiconducting nanomaterials”, The 6th International Symposium of Northeastern Asian Nanoscience and Technology, 6-10 May 2004, Shanghai, P.R. China.
  24. S.T. Lee, Plenary Talk – “Novel properties and applications of semiconducting nanomaterials”, The 3rd Cross-Strait Workshop on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 27-29 April 2004, Hualian, Taiwan.
  25. S.T. Lee, “Semiconducting Nanowires – synthesis, characterization and novel properties”, NSC/NSF Joint Workshop on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 6-9 November 2003, Tianan, Taiwan
  26. S.T. Lee, “Ordered arrays of semiconducting nanowires”, Workshop on Selective, Patterned and Self-assembled Growth of Nano-structures, 6-8 January 2003, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong.
  27. S.T. Lee, “Recent advances in semiconductor nanocrystalline materials”, Conference on “Optical Properties of Nanocrystals”, SPIE’s Annual Meeting, 10-11 July 2002, Seattle, USA
  28. S.T. Lee, “Semiconductor nanowires – synthesis, characterization and novel properties”, 2002 Hsinchu Materials Nanotechnology Forum, 11-13 December 2002, Taipei
  29. S.T. Lee, “Semiconductor naowires synthesis, characterization and novel properties”, Symposium F: Nanocrystalline Semiconductor Materials and Devices, MRS Fall Meeting, 2-6 December 2002, Boston, USA
  30. C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Laser ablation synthesis of inorganic nanowires", The Asian Symposium on Recent Trend in Applications of Laser Abaltion", 14-15 Nov 2002, Nagasaki, Japan.
  31. S. T. Lee, “Semiconductor nanowires – synthesis, characterization and novel properties”, The APS Meeting, 17-19 April, 2002, Korea.
  32. S.T. Lee, “Semiconductor nanomaterials synthesis and characterization”, IUPAC-Workshop on Advanced Materials – II (Nanostructured Advanced Materials), 13-16 February 2002, Bangalore, India.
  33. S.T. Lee, “Semiconductor nanowires - synthesis and characterization”, International Chemical Conference in Materials Chemistry, 23-26 February 2002, NTU, Taipei
  34. S.T. Lee, “Recent Advances in Semiconductor Nanomaterials”, Croucher Advanced Study Institute on Nano Science and Technology: Novel Structure and Phenomena, 6-11 January  2002, HKUST, HKSAR
  35. S. T. Lee, "Oxide-assisted growth of one-dimensional semiconductor nanomaterials", Jun 2000, Argonne National Laboratory, USA
  36. S.T. Lee, "Oxide-assisted growth of one-dimensional semiconductor nanomaterials", Sep 25-26 2000, Iowa State University, USA
  37. S.T. Lee, "Oxide-assisted growth of one-dimensional semiconductor nanomaterials", Oct 30-Nov 1 2000, XiangShan workshop on nanoscience and nanotechnology, Beijing, China
  38. S.T. Lee, "Oxide-assisted growth of one-dimensional semiconductor nanomaterials", Nov 2-6 2000, College of Science,  Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
  39. S.T. Lee, "Oxide-assisted growth of one-dimensional semiconductor nanomaterials", 30 Oct 30- 1 Nov 2000, XiangShan workshop on nanoscience and nanotechnology, Beijing, China.
  40. S.T. Lee, “Oxide-assisted synthesis of one-dimensional semiconductor nanomaterials", MRS Fall Meeting – Symposium A: Nanotubes and Related Materials, Nov 27-30 2000, USA
  41. S.T. Lee, "Oxide-assisted synthesis & characterization of semiconductor nanowires", ACS 103rd Annual Meeting and Exposition, 22-25 April 2001, Indiana, USA.
  42. S.T. Lee, "Very low-field electron emission from nanocarbon materials", July 2-4 2001, The International Topical Meeting on Field Electron Emission from Carbon Materials, Moscow, Russia.
  43. S.T. Lee, " Oxide-assisted synthesis & characterization of semiconductor nanowires", Aug 5-11 2001, 8th International Conference on Composites Engineering (ICCE/8), Spain.
  44. S.T. Lee, "Synthesis and properties of semiconductor nanowires", The1st Worldwide Chinese Symposium on High Tech Chemistry, 15-18 Aug 2001, Chengdu, China.
  45. S.T. Lee, "STM research of nanowires", International Conference on "Nano Science and Technology", 18-25 Aug 2001, Urumqi, China.
  46. S.T. Lee, "Growth and nucleation of diamond", 12th European Conference on Diamond, Diamond-Like Materials, Carbon Nanotubes, Nitrides & Silicon Carbide, 2-7 Sept 2001, Budapest, Hungary.
  47. S.T. Lee, Plenary Talk - “Semiconductor Nanowires – synthesis, characterization and novel properties”, National Conference on Nanosciences and Surface Sciences & ECM-92, 23-26 March 2003, Beijing, P.R. China
  48. S.T. Lee, Plenary Talk - “Semiconducting Nanowires – synthesis, characterization and novel properties”, International Symposium on Physical Chemistry of Surface Nano-structure and Related Materials, 19-21 October 2003, Xiamen,, P.R. China
  49. S. T. Lee, "Nanomaterials", Symposium on Nanomaterials Sciences; Jan 7, 2000, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing.
  50. S. T. Lee, “Semiconductor Nanowires; Synthesis, Structure and Properties”. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry Workshop on Advanced Material: Nanostructured Systems (IUPAC-WAM-1); Jul 14 to Jul 18, 1999, Hong Kong University for Science & Technology (HKUST)
  51. S. T. Lee, N. Wang, Y. F. Zhang and Y. H. Tang, “Semiconductor Nanowires: Synthesis, Structure and Properties”. Symposium A: Nanostructural Materials. The Fifth IUMRS International Conference on Advanced Materials, IUMRS-ICAM, June 13-18, 1999, Beijing, China.
  52. S. T. Lee, “Nano-scale materials from laser ablation”. The Croucher Advanced Study Institute (ASI): Physics and Chemistry of Nano-structured Materials; Jan 10 to Jan 15, 1999 at Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST

• Organic Electroluminescence
  53. S.T. Lee, Plenary Talk – “Interfaces in organic electronic devices – new insights to traditional concepts”, The 10th Asian Symposium on Information Display, 2-3 August 2007, Singapore.
  54. S.T. Lee, Plenary Talk – “Electronegativity concept and carrier injection barriers at metal/organic interfaces”,  The 5th International Conference on Electroluminescence of Molecular Materials and Related Phenomena (ICEL-5), 17-21 January 2005, USA
  55. S.T. Lee, “(a) Electronegativity and carrier injection barrier at organic/metal interfaces (b) STM and photoluminescence study of molecular aggregation and degradation mechanism of OLEDs”, International Symposium on Super-Functionality Organic Devices, 25-28 October, 2004, Japan.
  56. S.T. Lee, “The current status and development strategy for OLEDs”, 2003 Workshop on Advanced Materials Development Trends and the Future, 20-24 December 2003, Hong Kong SAR.
  57. S.T. Lee, “Photoemission Study of Polyfluorene-Metal Interfaces”, Symposium on “Polymers and Organic Materials for Electronic,Optoelectronic, and Photonic Devices”, ICMAT2003, 8-12 December 2003, Singapore.
  58. S.T. Lee, “Metal-Polyfluorene Interfaces”, The 2nd Japan-Sweden Symposium on Advanced Spectroscopy for Organic Materials for Electronic Applications (ASOMEA-2), 21-25 October 2003, Shonan, Japan.
  59. S.T. Lee, “Metal-Polyfluorene Interfaces”, The 4th International Conference on Electroluminescence of Molecular Materials and Related Phenomena (ICEL-4), 27-30 August 2003, Korea.
  60. S.T. Lee, “Photoemission study of polymer-metal interfaces”, Symposium B: Polymer/Metal Interfaces-Fundamentals, Properties, and Applications, MRS Fall Meeting, 2-6 December 2002, Boston, USA
  61. S.T. Lee, “HREELS Study of Surfaces and Interfaces in OLEDs”, Conference on Organic Light Emitting Materials and Devices, SPIE's Annual Meeting, 7-12 July 2002, Seattle, USA.
  62. S.T. Lee, “Interface study and control in OLED”,  International Workshop on Electroluminescent Science and Technology,  4 March 02, Chinese University of Hong Kong, HKSAR
  63. S.T. Lee, "OLED surface and interfaces studied by high-resolution energy loss spectroscopy", The International Symposium on Organic Electronic and Photonic Materials and Devices, 30 Oct-01 Nov 01, Osaka, Japan.
  64. S.T. Lee, "Organic light emitting diode - from research to commercialization", Forum on the Commericalization of Research Output from Universities of Beijing and Hong Kong, 20-21 Sep 01, Hong Kong.
  65. S.T. Lee, "Surface and interface properties in OLED", CLC-9 Beijing' 2001, 17 -18 Sep 01, Beijing.
  66. S.T. Lee, "Polyfluorene-metal surface & interfaces", Symposium C, Materials Research Society (MRS) Spring Meeting, 16-21 April 2001, San Francisco, USA 
  67. S.T. Lee, "Interface engineering in organic electroluminescent devices", 21 Dec 2000, 2000 International Workshop on OLED, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
  68. S.T. Lee, "Polyflourene/metal surface and interface", ACS Poly-Millennium 2000 Conference, 11-14 Dec 2000, Hawaii, USA
  69. S.T. Lee, "Organic light-emitting materials and devices", Symposium on the Development of Materials Science and Engineering Abroad 2000, 20 Aug -26 Aug, Dalian, China
  70. S.T, Lee, "Surface and interface properties of OLED", Jun 23 2000, Bell Labs, Lucent Technologies, USA
  71. S.T. Lee, "Surface and interface properties of OLED", Jun 22 2000, Princeton University, USA
  72. S.T. Lee, "Organic eight-emitting diodes", Jun 20 2000, Dow Chemical, USA
  73. S. T. Lee, "OLED optimization via process engineering", The 2000 Mini Symposium on OLED Materials; Apr 15 to Apr 16, 2000, National Taiwan University, Taipei
  74. S. T. Lee, "Improving OLED performance via process engineering", Electroluminescence from Organic Materials; Dec 10 to Dec 11, 1999, Korea
  75. S.T. Lee and C.S. Lee," High performance organic light-emitting devices through optimisation and new design",  The 5th International Conference on the Science and Technology of Display Phosphors; Nov8 to Nov 10. 1999, San Diego, California, USA
  76. S. T. Lee, "Surface and Interface Studies in Organic Light-Emitting Diodes", 9th International Symposium on Surface and Interface Physics; Oct 31 to Nov 2, 1999, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
  77. S. T. Lee, “Performance optimization of organic electroluminescent devices”. Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices, The International Society for Optical Engineering (SPIE); Jul 18 to Jul 23, 1999, Colorado Convention Center in Denver, Colorado, USA
  78. S. T. Lee, “Performance optimization of organic electroluminescent devices”. Symposium P: Display Materials. The Fifth IUMRS International Conference on Advanced Materials, IUMRS-ICAM, June 13-18,1999, Beijing, China.
  79. Y.M. Wang and S. T. Lee, “Surface and Interface Properties in Organic Light-Emitting Diodes”.  ESOI99 Workshop; Jun 12 to Jun 13, 1999, Nayoya University, Japan
  80. S. T. Lee and C. S. Lee, “Research and Development of Organic Electroluminescent Devices in City University of Hong Kong”.  A Symposium on Display Technologies: Mini to Mega; Mar 9 to Mar 10, 1999 at Hong Kong Productivity Council (HKPC), Hong Kong
• Nanodiamond, Cubic-Boron Nitride and Nanostructuring
  81. S. T. Lee, “Diamond Nucleation: New Insights and Understanding”, The 9th International Conference on New Diamond Science and Technology, 26-29 March 2004, Japan.
  82. S.T. Lee, "Diamond (Heteroepitaxial) nucleation by ion beam impact: a reality", International conference on metallurgical coatings and thin films, 30 Apr - 4 May 2001, San Diego, CA, USA.
  83. S.T. Lee, "Applications of Advanced Thin Films Coatings and Technologies in Electronics Industry", Sep 1-2 2000, Annual Meeting of the Taiwan Association for Thin Films and Coating Technology, Luhkang, Changhua, Taiwan.
  84. S.T. Lee, “Ion-assisted diamond nucleation and growth", 26-29 Jun 2000, Gordon Research  Conference, USA
  85. S. T. Lee and R.Q. Zhang, “Ion-assisted diamond nucleation and growth”. The 6th International Symposium on Diamond Materials, The Electrochemical Society (ECS); Oct 17 to Oct 22, 1999, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
  86. S. T. Lee, Recent studies on diamond surfaces. (E86)  Symposium E: Diamond Films and Related Materials.  The Fifth IUMRS International Conference on Advanced Materials, IUMRS-ICAM, June 13-18,1999, Beijing, China.
  87. S. T. Lee, I. Bello, R.Q. Zhang and W.J. Zhang, “The formation of SiC interface and its effects on diamond nucleation”.  Inaugural Symposium on Surface Engineering at TMS Annual Meeting; Feb 28 to Mar 4, 1999 at San Diego, California
  88. S. T. Lee, ‘surface electron affinity of diamond’, Second Joint Meeting of the Chinese Physical Societies, August 11-15, 1997, Taipei, Taiwan
  89. S. T. Lee, ‘Surface electron affinity of diamond’, Second International Conference - ‘Characterization and Processing of Advanced Materials’ 19-22 May, 1997, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
  90. S. T. Lee, ‘Surface science applied to diamond research’, First Annual Conference, The Physical Society of Hong Kong, 19th June, 1996, CUHK.
  91. S. T. Lee, ‘Synthesis and characterization of diamond materials’, Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 16 November, 1995.
  92. S. T. Lee, ‘Properties of Diamond’, Cable TV, Hong Kong, 4 July 1995.
  93. S. T. Lee, ‘HREELS and XPS studies of diamond surfaces’, Hong Kong Surface Science Workshop, University of Hong Kong, June, 1995, Hong Kong.
  94. S. T. Lee, ‘HREELS and Related Studies of Diamond Surfaces’, The 2nd NIRIM International Symposium on Advanced Materials - New Directions in Ultimate Analysis -, March 6-10, 1995, Tsukuba, Japan.
  95. S. T. Lee, ‘Synthesis and characterization of carbon-based materials’, Department of Physics, University of Hong Kong, January, 1995.
  96. S. T. Lee, ‘Diamond Synthesis by unconventional methods’, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, April, 1993.‘
  97. S. T. Lee, ‘Diamond Synthesis by unconventional methods’, Department of Chemistry, National Jiao Tong University, Taiwan, April, 1993.
  98. S. T. Lee, 'Diamond film formation by carbon ion implantation and related methods', Int. Conf. on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films, April 6-10, 1992, San Diego, California.
  99. S. T. Lee, 'Ion beam deposition of diamond and diamond-like films', Materials Research Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pa, March, 1991

• Other Research Areas
  100. S.T. Lee, "Overview of COSDAF", Jun 2000, Dow Chemical, USA
  101. S. T. Lee, 'Implantation-induced intermixing of GaAs/AlGaAs superlattices', The Electrochemical society Meeting, Hollywood, Florida, October, 1989.
  102. S. T. Lee, 'Silicon and arsenic redistribution during heat treatment of silicon-rich tungsten silicide', Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada, March, 1986.
  103. S. T. Lee, 'Oxygen diffusion in silicon', Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, May, 1985.
  104. S. T. Lee, 'Experimental energy levels and spectral sensitization of (evaporated dye)/(evaporated AgBr) system', Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, July, 1983.
  105. S. T. Lee, 'Surface and thin film compositional analysis' Institute of Semiconductors, Academia Sinica, Beijing, China, July, 1983.
  106. S. T. Lee, 'Experimental energy levels and spectral sensitization of (evaporated dye)/(evaporated AgBr) system', Institute of Semiconductors, Academia Sinica, Beijing, China, July, 1983.
  107. S. T. Lee, 'Diffusion of implanted phosphorus in polysilicon', Institute of Semiconductors, Academia Sinica, Beijing, China, July, 1983.
  108. S. T. Lee, ‘Electronic structure of supported metal clusters', Institute of  Semiconductors, Academia Sinica, Beijing, China, July, 1983.
  109. S. T. Lee, 'Electronic structure of metal clusters', Xerox Research Center, Webster, NY, January 20, 1981

   

Publications

• Science and Nature
  1. D.D.D. Ma, C.S. Lee, F.C.K. Au, S.Y. Tong, S.T. Lee, “Small diameter silicon nanowire surface”, Science 299, 1874-1877 (2003). (March 2003) The nanowire images of the paper were featured as the coverpage of the  Science (March 2003).
  2. S.T. Lee, Y. Lifshitz, “The road to diamond wafers“, Nature 424, 500 (2003).
  3. Y. Lifshitz, Th. Kohler, Th. Frauenheim, I. Guzmann, A. Hoffman, R.Q. Zhang, X.T. Zhou, S.T. Lee, “The mechanism of diamond nucleation from energetic species”, Science 297, 1531 (2002). (August 2002)
  4. Y. Lifshitz, X. F. Duan, N. G. Shang,Q. Li, L. Wan, I. Bello, S. T. Lee, "Epitaxial diamond polytypes on silicon", Nature 412, 404 (2001).
  5. S.T. Lee, H.Y. Peng, X.T. Zhou, N. Wang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello, Y. Lifshitz, "A Nucleation site and mechanism leading to epitaxial growth of diamond films", Science 287 104-106, (2000)
• Invited Papers / Invited Review Papers
  6. Y. Zhang and S. T. Lee, “Diamond Crystals, Growth of” Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology, 2113-2118 (2004). 
  7. R.Q. Zhang, Y. Lifshitz, S.T. Lee, “Oxide-assisted growth of semiconducting nanowires”, Adv. Mater. 15, 635-640 (2003).
  8. Z. R. Hong, O. Lengyel, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “A mechanistic study of exciplex formation and efficient red light-emitting devices based on rare earth complexes”, Organic Electronics 4, 149-154. (2003) 
  9. S.T. Lee, N. Wang, Y.F. Zhang and Y.H. Tang, "Oxide-Assisted Semiconductor Nanowire Growth", MRS Bulletin August 36-42 (1999). 
  10. S.T. Lee, Z.D. Lin and X. Jiang, "CVD diamond films: nucleation and growth", Materials Science & Engineering R. 25, 123-154(Aug.1999).
• Nanomaterials & Nanotechnology
  • Publications in 2007
    1. Z.H. Kang, C.H. Tsang, N.B. Wong, M.L. Zhang, S.T. Lee, “Silicon Quantum Dots: A General Photocatalyst for Reduction, Decomposition, and Selective Oxidation Reactions”, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 129, 12090-12091 (2007).  (September 2007).
    2. Z.H. Kang, C.H. Tsang, Z.D. Zhang, M.L. Zhang, N.B. Wong, J.A. Zapien, Y.Y. Shan, S.T. Lee, “A Polyoxometalate-Assisted electrochemical method for silicon nanostructures preparation: from quantum dots to nanowires” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 129, 5326-5327 (2007).   (April 2007).
    3. X. J. Zhang, X. H. Zhang, K. Zou, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, “Single-crystal nanoribbons, nanotubes, and nanowires from intramolecular charge-transfer organic molecules”, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 129, 3527-3532 (2007).  (March 2007)
    4. Y. Jiang, W. J. Zhang, J. S. Jie, X. M. Meng, X. Fan, S.T. Lee, “Photoresponse Properties of CdSe Single-Nanoribbon Photodetectors”, Advanced Functional Materials, 17, 1795-1800 (2007). (July 2007)
    5. B.L. Cao, Y. Jiang, C. Wang, W.H. Wang, L.Z. Wang, M. Niu, W.J. Zhang, Y.Q. Li, S.T. Lee, “Synthesis and lasing properties of highly-ordered CdS nanowire arrays”, Adv. Funct. Mater. 17, 1501-1506 (2007). (June 2007)
    6. Z. Q. Yao, Y. S. Zou, Y. Yang, W. J. Zhang, S. T. Lee, Y. Z. Zhang, Z. Z. Ye, “Epitaxial growth and structural analysis of AlN/GaN heterostructures”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 221912 (2007).   
    7. J. Q. Ning, S. J. Xu, D. P. Yu, Y. Y. Shan, and S. T. Lee, “418  cm−1 Raman scattering from gallium nitride nanowires: Is it a vibration mode of N-rich Ga–N bond configuration? “,  Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 103117 (2007).
    8. Q. S. Li, R. Q. Zhang, S. T. Lee, T. A. Niehaus, and Th. Frauenheim, “Stabilizing excited-state silicon nanoparticle by surface oxidation”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 043106 (2007).
    9. Hu Xu, A. L. Rosa, Th. Frauenheim, R. Q. Zhang, and S. T. Lee,  “Density-functional theory calculations of bare and passivated triangular-shaped ZnO nanowires”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 031914 (2007).   
    10. J. A. Zapien, Y. K. Liu, Y. Y. Shan, H. Tang, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, “Continuous near-infrared-to-ultraviolet lasing from II-VI nanoribbons”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 213114 (2007).   (May 2007)
    11. K.Q. Peng, M.L. Zhang, A.J. Lu, N.B. Wong, R.Q. Zhang, S.T. Lee, “Ordered silicon nanowire arrays via nanosphere lithography and metal-induced etching”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 163123 (2007).  (April 2007) 
    12. X. Wang, R. Q. Zhang, S. T. Lee, T. A. Niehaus, and Th. Frauenheim, “Unusual size dependence of the optical emission gap in small hydrogenated silicon nanoparticles”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 123116 (2007).  (March 2007)
    13. X. Fan, X.M. Meng, X.H. Zhang, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Template fabrication of SiO2 nanotubes”,   Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 103114 (2007). (March 2007)
    14. Y. Q. Li, J. X. Tang, H. Wang, J. A. Zapien, Y. Y. Shan, S. T. Lee, “Heteroepitaxial growth and optical properties of ZnS nanowire arrays on CdS nanoribbons”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 093127 (2007). (March 2007)
    15. H. Wang, X.H. Zhang, C.S. Lee, K. Zou, W.S. Shi, S.K. Wu, J. Chang, S.T. Lee, “Oxide Shell Assisted Vapor-Liquid-Solid Growth of Periodic Composite Nanowires-A Case of Si/Sn”, Chem. Mater. 19, 5598-5601 (2007).
    16. Y.K. Liu, J.A. Zapien, Y.Y. Shan, H. Tang, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Wavelength-tunable lasing in single-crystal CdS1-XSeX nanoribbons”, Nanotechnology 18, 365606 (2007). (September 2007)
    17. Z.H. Chen, J.S. Jie, L.B. Luo, H. Wang, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Applications of silicon nanowires functionalized with palladium nanoparticles in hydrogen sensors”, Nanotechnology 18, 345502 (2007). (August 2007)
    18. C.Q. Yi, C.C. Fong, W.W. Chen, S.J. Qi, C.H. Tzang, S.T. Lee, M.S. Yang, “Interactions between carbon nanotubes and DNA polymerase and restriction endonucleases”, Nanotechnology 18, 025102 (2007).  (January 2007)
    19. M. Dovrat, N. Arad, X.-H. Zhang, S.T. Lee, A. Sa'ar, “Optical properties of silicon nanowires from cathodoluminescence imaging and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy”, Phys. Rev. B 75, 205343 (2007). (June 2007).
    20. C.Q. Yi, C.C. Fong, W.W. Chen, S.J. Qi, S.T. Lee, M.S. Yang, “Inhibition of Biochemical Reactions by Silicon Nanowires through Modulating Enzyme Activities”, ChemBioChem 8, 1225 (2007).
    21. S.J. Qi, C.Q. Yi, W.W. Chen, C.C. Fong, S.T. Lee, M.S. Yang, “Effects of Silicon Nanowires on HepG2 Cell Adhesion and Spreading”, ChemBioChem 8, 1115 (2007).
    22. X. Wang, R.Q. Zhang, T. A. Niehaus, T. Frauenheim, S. T. Lee, “Hydrogenated Silicon Nanoparticles Relaxed in Excited States”, J. Phys. Chem. C 111, 12588-12593 (2007).
    23. X. Wang, R. Q. Zhang, T. A. Niehaus, T. Frauenheim, “Excited state properties of allylamine-capped silicon quantum dots“, J. Phys. Chem. C 111, 2394-2400 (2007).  (February 2007)
    24. M.W. Zhao, R.Q. Zhang, Y.Y. Xia, C. Song, S.T. Lee, “Faceted silicon nanotubes: structure, energetic, and passivation effects”, J. Phys. Chem. C 111, 1234-1238 (2007).  (December 2006)
    25. J.S. Hu, H.X. Ji, A.M. Cao, Z.X. Huang, Y. Zhang, L.J. Wan, A. D. Xia, D.P. Yu, X.M. Meng, S.T. Lee, “Facile solution synthesis of hexagonal Alq3 nanorods and their field emission properties”, Chem. Commun 3083–3085 (2007).
    26. M. Dovrat, N. Arad, X. H. Zhang, S. T. Lee, A. Sa'ar, “Cathodoluminescence and photoluminescence of individual silicon nanowires”, physica status solidi (a) 204, 1512-1517 (2007).  (May 2007)
    27. Q.S. Li, R.Q. Zhang, T.A. Niehaus, Th. Frauenheim, S.T. Lee, “Theoretical Studies on Optical and Electronic Properties of Propionic-Acid-Terminated Silicon Quantum Dots”,  J. Chem. Theory and Comput. 3, 1518-1526 (2007).  
    28. P.-S. G. Kim, Y.H. Tang, T.K. Sham, S.T. Lee, “Condensation of silicon nanowires from silicon monoxide by thermal evaporation — An X-ray absorption spectroscopy investigation”, Can. J. Chem. 85, 695–701 (2007)
    29. Z.H. Chen, H. Tang, X. Fan, J.S. Jie, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, “Epitaxial ZnS/Si core-shell nanowires and single-crystal silicon tube field-effect transistors”, Journal of Crystal Growth (in press, 2007)
  • Publications in 2006
    30. X. Fan, X.M. Meng, X.H. Zhang, W.S. Shi, X. Fan, X.M. Meng, X.H. Zhang, W.S. Shi, W.J. Zhang, J.A. Zapien, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Dart-shaped tricrystal ZnS nanoribbons”, Angewandte Chemie International Edition 45, 2568-2571 (2006).  (April 2006).
    31. J.S. Jie, W.J. Zhang, Y. Jiang, X.M. Meng, Y.Q. Li, S.T. Lee, “Photoconductive Characteristics of Single-Crystal CdS Nanoribbons”,  Nano Lett. 6(9); 1887-1892 (2006).
    32. D.D.D. Ma, S.T. Lee, P. Mueller, S.F. Alvarado, “Scanning tunneling microscope excited cathodoluminescence from ZnS nanowires”, Nano Lett. 6(5); 926-929 (2006).
    33. Y. Jiang, W. J. Zhang, J. S. Jie, X. M. Meng, J. A. Zapien, S.T. Lee, “Homoepitaxial Growth and Lasing Properties of ZnS Nanowire and Nanoribbon Arrays”, Adv. Mater. 18, 1527 (2006).  (June 2006)
    34. K.Q. Peng, J.J. Hu, Y.J. Yan, Y. Wu, H. Fang, Y. Xu, S.T. Lee, J. Zhu, “Fabrication of single-crystalline silicon nanowires by scratching a silicon surface with catalytic metal particles”, Advanced Functional Materials 16, 387-394 (2006).  (February 2006)
    35. J.S. Jie, W.J. Zhang, Y. Jiang, and S.T. Lee, “Transport properties of single-crystal CdS nanoribbons”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 223117 (2006).
    36. J. S. Jie, W. J. Zhang, Y. Jiang, S. T. Lee, “Single-crystal CdSe nanoribbon field-effect transistors and photoelectric applications”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 133118 (2006). 
    37. C.S. Guo, W. J. Fan, R.Q. Zhang, “Diameter-dependent spin polarization of injected carriers in carbon-doped zigzag boron nitride nanotubes”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 123103 (2006). 
    38. X. Lin, X. B. He, T. Z. Yang, W. Guo, D. X. Shi, H.-J. Gao, D. D. D. Ma, S. T. Lee, F. Liu, X. C. Xie, “Intrinsic current-voltage properties of nanowires with four-probe scanning tunneling microscopy: A conductance transition of ZnO nanowire”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 043103 (2006)
    39. W.W. Chen, H. Yao, C.H. Tzang, J.J. Zhu, M.S. Yang, S.T. Lee, “Silicon nanowires for high-sensitivity glucose detection”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 213104 (2006).
    40. Y.Q. Li, J.A. Zapien, Y.Y. Shan, Y.K. Liu, and S.T. Lee, “Manganese doping and optical properties of ZnS nanoribbons by postannealing”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 013115-(1-3) (2006).  (January 2006)
    41. J. S. Jie, W.J. Zhang, Y. Jiang, X. M. Meng, J. A. Zapien, M. W. Shao, S.T. Lee, “Heterocrystal and bicrystal structures of ZnS nanowires synthesized by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition” Nanotechnology. 17, 2913 (2006). (May 2006)
    42. K.Q. Peng, H. Fang, J.J. Hu, Y. Wu, J. Zhu, Y.J. Yan, S.T. Lee, “Metal-Particle-Induced, Highly Localized Site-Specific Etching of Si and Formation of Single-Crystalline Si Nanowires in Aqueous Fluoride Solution”, Chemistry - A European Journal Volume 12, 7942-7947 (2006).  (October 2006)
    43. Y.Q. Li, K. Zou, Y.Y. Shan, J.A. Zapien, S.T. Lee, “Catalyst-assisted formation of nanocantilever arrays on ZnS nanoribbons by post-annealing treatment”, J. Phys. Chem. B. 110; 6759-6762 (2006).
    44. X.H. Zhang, A.M. Cao, J.S. Hu, L.J. Wan, S.T. Lee, “Electrochemical sensor for detecting ultratrace nitroaromatic compounds using mesoporous SiO2-modified electrode”, Anal. Chem. 78,  1967-1971 (2006).
    45. M.W. Zhao, R.Q. Zhang, Y.Y. Xia, S.T. Lee, “Structural characterization of fully coordinated ultrathin silica nanotubes by first-principles calculations”, Phys. Rev. B 73, 195412 (2006).
  • Publications in 2005
    46. H. Wang, X.H. Zhang, X.M. Meng, S.M. Zhou, S.K. Wu, W.S. Shi, S.T. Lee, “Bulk preparation of Si–SiOx hierarchical structures: high-density radially oriented amorphous silica nanowires on a single-crystal silicon nanocore”, Angewandte Chemie International Edition 44, 6934-6937 (2005).  (October 2005).
    47. Y.K. Liu, J.A. Zapien, Y.Y. Shen, C.Y. Geng, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Wavelength-control lasing in ZnXCd1-XS single-crystal nanoribbons”, Adv. Mater. 17, 1372-1377 (2005).   June 2005
    48. M.W. Shao, Y.Y. Shan, N.B. Wong, S.T. Lee, “Silicon nanowire sensors for bioanalytical applications: glucose and hydrogen peroxide detection”, Adv. Funct. Mater. 15, 1478-1482 (2005). (September 2005).
    49. R.A. Rosenberg, G.K. Shenoy, F. Heigl, S.T. Lee, P.-S.G. Kim, X.T. Zhou, and T.K. Sham, “Determination of the local structure of luminescent sites in ZnS nanowires using x-ray excited optical luminescence”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 253105 (2005).
    50. M.W. Shao, H. Yao, M.L. Zhang, N.B. Wong, Y.Y. Shan, S.T. Lee, “Fabrication and application of long strands of silicon nanowires as sensors for bovine serum albumin detection”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 183106 (2005).
    51. D. D. D. Ma, S. T. Lee, and J. Shinar, “Strong polarization-dependent photoluminescence from silicon nanowire fibers”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 033107 (2005)
    52. R. A. Rosenberg, G. K. Shenoy, F. Heigl, S.T. Lee, P.-S. G. Kim, X.-T. Zhou, and T. K. Sham, “Effects of in situ vacuum annealing on the surface and luminescent properties of ZnS nanowires”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 263115 (2005).
    53. X. Fan, X.M. Meng, Z.H. Zhang, S.K. Wu, S.T. Lee, “Formation of ZnS/SiO2 nanocables”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 173111 (2005).  (April 2005)
    54. W.W. Chen, C.H. Tzang, J.X. Tang M.S. Yang, S.T. Lee, “Covalently linked deoxyribonucleic acid with multiwall carbon nanotubes: Synthesis and characterization”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 103114 (2005).  (March 2005)
    55. J.J. Qiao, X.H. Zhang, X.M. Meng, S.M. Zhou, S.K. Wu, S.T. Lee, “Morphology-controllable preparation of 1D poly(vinyl pyrrolidone nanostructured arrays”, Nanotechnology 16, 433 – 436 (2005).  (April 2005).
    56. B.K. Teo, W.W. Chen, X.H. Sun, S.D. Wang, S.T. Lee, “Three-dimensional etching profiles and surface speciations (via attenuated total reflection-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) of silicon nanowires in NH4F-buffered HF solutions: a double passivation model”, J Phys. Chem. B 109, 21716-21724 (2005).  (November 2005)
    57. X.J. Zhang, X.H. Zhang, W.S. Shi, X.M. Meng, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Morphology-controllable synthesis of pyrene nanostructures and its morphology dependence of optical properties”, J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 18777-18780 (2005).  (September 2005).
    58. W.W. Chen, X. H. Sun, S. D. Wang, S. T. Lee, and Boon K. Teo, “Etching Behavior of silicon nanowires with HF and NH4F and surface characterization by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy: Similarities and differences between one-dimensional and two-dimensional silicon surfaces”, J Phys. Chem. B 109, 10871-10879 (2005).  June 2005
    59. C.P. Li, B.K. Teo, X.H. Sun, N.B. Wong, S.T. Lee, “Hydrocarbon and carbon nanostructures produced by sonochemical reactions of organic solvents on hydrogen-passivated silicon nanowires under ambient conditions”, Chem. Mater. 17, 5780-5788 (2005).  (October 2005).
    60. M.W. Zhao, Y.Y.  Xia, F. Li, R.Q. Zhang, S.T. Lee, “Strain energy and electronic structures of silicon carbide nanotubes: Density functional calculations”, Phys. Rev. B. 71, 085312 (2005).  (February 2005)
    61. X. T. Zhou, P.-S. G. Kim, T. K. Sham, and S. T. Lee, “Fabrication, morphology, structure, and photoluminescence of ZnS and CdS nanoribbons”, J. Appl. Phys. 98, 024312 (2005). 
    62. X. T. Zhou, T. K. Sham, Y. Y. Shan, X. F. Duan, S. T. Lee, and R. A. Rosenberg, “One-dimensional zigzag gallium nitride nanostructures”, J. Appl. Phys. 97, 104315 (2005).
    63. W.K. Wong, C.S. Lee, and S.T. Lee, “Uniform-diameter, aligned carbon nanotubes from microwave plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition”, J. Appl. Phys. 97, 084307 (1-6) (2005). April 2005
    64. K.Q. Peng, Y. Xu, Y. Wu, Y.J. Yan, S.T. Lee, J. Zhu, “Aligned single-crystalline Si nanowire arrays for photovoltaic applications”, Small 1, 1062-1067 (2005).  (November 2005)
    65. J.Q. Hu, Y. Zhang, X.M. Meng, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Temperature-dependent growth of germanium oxide and silicon oxide based nanostructures, aligned silicon oxide nanowire assemblies, and silicon oxide microtubes”, Small 1,  429-438 (2005). April 2005
    66. Y. Yao, F.H. Li, S.T. Lee, “Oriented silicon nanowires on silicon substrates from oxide-assisted growth and gold catalysts”, Chem. Phys. Letts. 406, 381-385 (2005).  (May 2005).
    67. X. M. Meng, N. G. Shang, C. S. Lee, I. Bello, S. T. Lee, “Fabrication and microstructures of Si composite nanocone arrays”, Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 202, 2479-2483 (2005).  (October 2005)
    68. S.M. Zhou, X.H. Zhang, X.M. Meng, S.K. Wu, S.T. Lee, “Synthesis and optical properties of Pb-doped ZnO nanowires”, Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 202, 405–410 (2005).
    69. S.M. Zhou, X.H. Zhang, X.M. Meng, X. Fan, S.K. Wu, S.T. Lee, “Preparation and photoluminescence of Sc-doped ZnO nanowires”, Physica E 25, 587–591 (2005).
    70. S.M. Zhou, X.H. Zhang, X.M. Meng, X. Fan, S.T. Lee, S.K. Wu, “Sonochemical synthesis of mass single-crystal PbS nanobelts”, J Solid State Chem 178, 399–403 (2005).
    71. S.M. Zhou, X.M. Meng, X.H. Zhang, X. Fan, K. Zou, S.K. Wu, S.T. Lee, “Large-scale fabrication and characterization of Cd-doped ZnO nanocantilever arrays”, Micron 36, 55–59 (2005).
    72. R.Q. Zhang, Y. Lifshitz, D.D.D. Ma, Y.L. Zhao, Th. Frauenheim, S. T. Lee, S. Y. Tong, “ Structures and energetics of hydrogen-terminated silicon nanowire surfaces”, J. Chem. Phys. 123, 144703 (2005). (October 2005)
    73. M.W. Zhao, Y.Y. Xia, R.Q. Zhang, and S.T. Lee, “Manipulating the electronic structures of silicon carbide nanotubes by selected hydrogenation”, J. Chem. Phys.  122, 214707 (2005).
  • Publications in 2004
    74. R. Q. Zhang, M. W. Zhao, and S. T. Lee, “Silicon Monoxide Clusters: The Favorable Precursors for Forming Silicon Nanostructures”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 095503 (2004). (August 2004)
    75. S.M. Zhou, X.H. Zhang, X.M. Meng, K. Zou, X. Fan, S.K. Wu, S.T. Lee, “The fabrication and optical properties of highly crystalline ultra-long Cu-doped ZnO nanowires”,  Nanotechnology 15, 1152-1155 (2004). (September 2004)
    76. Y. K. Liu, J. A. Zapien, C. Y. Geng, Y. Y. Shan, C. S. Lee, Y. Lifshitz, and S. T. Lee, “High-quality CdS nanoribbons with lasing cavity”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 3241-3243 (2004).  (October 2004) - The nanoribbon images of the paper were featured as the coverpage of the  Applied Physics Letters (Oct 2004).
    77. J. X. Ding, J. A. Zapien, W. W. Chen, Y. Lifshitz, S. T. Lee, and X. M. Meng, “ Lasing in ZnS nanowires grown on anodic aluminum oxide templates”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 2361 (2004).  (September 2004)
    78. A. Baumer, M. Stutzmann, M. S. Brandt, F. C.K. Au, and S. T. Lee, “Paramagnetic defects of silicon nanowires”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 943 (2004).  (Aug 2004)
    79. C.P. Li, T. C. Wong, R. Q. Zhang, and S. T. Lee, “Response to ``Comment on `Gold nanowires from silicon nanowire templates' '' [ Appl. Phys. Lett., 692 (2004) ], Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 693 (2004).
    80. J. A. Zapien, Y. Jiang, X. M. Meng, W. Chen, F. C. K. Au, Y. Lifshitz, and S. T. Lee,  “Room-temperature single nanoribbon lasers”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 1189-1191 (2004). (February 2004)
    81. T. C. Wong, C. P. Li, R. Q. Zhang, and S. T. Lee, “Gold nanowires from silicon nanowire templates”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 407-409 (2004). (February 2004)
    82. G.Y. Geng, Y. Jiang, Y. Yao, X. Meng, J. A. Zapien, C. S. Lee, Y. Lifshitz, S. T. Lee, “Well-aligned ZnO nanowire arrays fabricated on silicon substrates”,  Adv. Funct. Mater.  14, 589-594 (2004). (June 2004)
    83. Y. Jiang, X. M. Meng, W. C. Yiu, J. Liu, J. X. Ding, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “Zinc selenide nanoribbons and nanowires”, J. Phys. Chem. B. 108, 2784-2787 (2004).
    84. X. H. Sun, N. B. Wong, C. P. Li, S. T. Lee, P. S. Kim, T. K. Sham, “Reductive self-assembling of Pd and Rh nanoparticles on silicon nanowire templates”, Chem. Mater. 16, 1143-1152.  (March 2004)
    85. T. K. Sham, S. J. Naftel, P.-S. G. Kim, R. Sammynaiken, Y. H. Tang, I. Coulthard, A. Moewes, J. W. Freeland, Y.-F. Hu, and S. T. Lee “Electronic structure and optical properties of silicon nanowires: A study using x-ray excited optical luminescence and x-ray emission spectroscopy”, Phys. Rev. B. 70, 045313 (2004)
    86. M. W. Zhao, R. Q. Zhang, and S. T. Lee, “Stable and extendable cage containing nanosize silica clusters based on three-membered rings”, Phys. Rev. B 69, 153403 (2004).  (May 2004).
    87. X. H. Sun, N. B. Wong, C. P. Li, S. T. Lee, and T. K. Sham, “Chainlike silicon nanowires: Morphology, electronic structure and luminescence studies”, J. Appl. Phys. 96, 3447-3451 (2004). (September 2004).
    88. Y. Q. Feng, R. Q. Zhang, and S. T. Lee, “Simulation of gate-controlled Coulomb blockade in carbon nanotubes”, J. Appl. Phys. 95, 5729-5735 (2004). (May 2004).
    89. F. M. Kolb, H. Hofmeister, R. Scholz, M. Zacharias, U. Gosele, D. D. Ma, and S.T. Lee, “Analysis of silicon nanowires grown by combining SiO evaporation with the VLS mechanism”, J. Electrochem. Soc. 151, G472 (2004).
  • Publications in 2003
    90. Y. Jiang, X.M. Meng, J. Liu, Z.R. Hong, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “ZnS nanowires with wurtzite polytype modulated structure”, Adv. Mater. 15, 1195-1198 (2003). (July 2003)
    91. C.Y. Liu, J. Antonio, Y. Yao, X.M. Meng, C.S. Lee, S.S. Fan, Y. Lifshitz, S.T. Lee, “High-density, ordered ultraviolet light-emitting ZnO nanowire arrays”, Adv. Mater. 15, 838-841 (2003). (May 2003)
    92. R.Q. Zhang, Y. Lifshitz, S.T. Lee, “Oxide-assisted growth of semiconducting nanowires”, Adv. Mater. 15, 635-640 (2003). (April 2003)
    93. Y. Jiang, X.-M. Meng, J. Liu, Z.-Y. Xie, C.-S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Hydrogen-Assisted Thermal Evaporation Synthesis of ZnS Nanoribbons on a Large Scale”, Adv. Mater.  15, 323-327 (2003). (February 2003)
    94. J.Q. Hu, X.M. Meng, Y. Jiang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, “Fabrication of germanium-filled silica nanotubes and aligned silica nanofibers”, Adv. Mater.  15, 70-73 (2003).  (January 2003)
    95. C.P. Li, C.S. Lee, X.L. Ma, N. Wang, R.Q. Zhang, S.T. Lee, “Growth direction and cross-sectional study of silicon nanowires”, Adv. Mater. 15, 607-609 (2003). (April 2003)
    96. J. Liu, X.M. Meng, Y. Jiang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello, S.T. Lee, “Gallium nitride nanowires doped with silicon”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 4241-4243 (2003).  (November 2003)
    97. C. H. Liu, W. C. Yiu, F. C. K. Au, J. X. Ding, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, “Electrical properties of zinc oxide nanowires and intramolecular p--n junctions”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 3168-3170 (2003). (October 2003)
    98. X.-M. Meng, Y. Jiang, J. Liu, C.-S. Lee, I. Bello, and S.T. Lee, “Synthesis and characterization of ZnS bicrystal nanoribbons”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 2244 -2246(2003).  The nanoribbons’ images of the paper were featured as the coverpage of Appl. Phys. Lett. (Sept 2003).
    99. X.M. Meng, J.Q. Hu, Y. Jiang, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Oxide-assisted growth and characterization of Ge/SiOx anocables”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 2241-2243 (2003).
    100. B.K. Teo, X.H. Sun, T.F. Hung, X.M. Meng, N.B. Wong, S.T. Lee, “Precision-cut crystalline silicon nanodots and nanorods from nanowires and direct visualization of cross sections and growth orientations of silicon nanowires”, Nano Lett. 3, 1735-1737 (2003)  (December 2003).
    101. W.K. Wong, C.P. Li, F.C.K. Au, M.K. Fung, X.H. Sun, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, W. Zhu,  “Fabrication and characterization of pure and well-aligned carbon nanotubes using methane/nitrogen-ammonia plasma”, J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 1514-1517 (2003).  (January 2003)
    102. J.Q. Hu, Q. Li, X.M. Meng, C.S. Lee, and S.T. Lee, “Thermal reduction route to the fabrication of coaxial Zn/ZnO nanocables and ZnO nanotubes” Chem. Mater. 15, 305-308 (2003).  (January 2003)
    103. B.K. Teo, C.P. Li, X.H. Sun, N.B. Wong, S.T. Lee, “Silicon-Silica nanowires, nanotubes, and biaxial nanowires: inside, outside, and side-by-side growth of silicon versus silica on zeolite”, Inorg. Chem. 42, 6723-6728 (2003). (September 2003)
    104. X.H. Sun, S.D. Wang, N.B. Wong, D.D.D. Ma, S.T. Lee, B.K. Teo, “FTIR Spectroscopic Studies of the Stabilities and Reactivities of Hydrogen-Terminated Surfaces of Silicon Nanowires”, Inorg. Chem. 42, 2398-2402 (2003).  (March 2003)
    105. X. M. Meng, J. Liu, Y. Jiang, W. W. Chen, C. S. Lee, I. Bello and S. T. Lee, “Structure- and size-controlled ultrafine ZnS nanowires”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 382, 434-438 (2003). (December 2003)
    106. Y. Yao, S. T. Lee and F. H. Li, “Direct synthesis of 2H–SiC nanowhiskers”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 381, 628 –633 (2003). (December 2003)
    107. X. M. Meng, J. Q. Hu, Y. Jiang, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “Boron nanowires synthesized by laser ablation at high temperature”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 370, 825 –828 (2003). (March 2003)
    108. X.T. Zhou, J.Q. Hu, C.P. Li, D.D.D. Ma, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Silicon nanowires as chemical sensors”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 369, 220-224 (2003) February 2003. (February 2003)
    109. R. Q. Zhang, S. T. Lee, Chi-Kin Law, Wai-Kee Li and Boon K. Teo, “Erratum to: `Silicon nanotubes: Why not?”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 368, 509 (2003). (January 2003)
    110. J.Q. Hu 1, Y. Jiang, X.M. Meng, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “A simple large-scale synthesis of very long aligned silica nanowires”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 367, 339-347 (2003). (January 2003)
    111. S. Piscanec, A.C. Ferrari, M. Cantoro, S. Hofmann, J.A. Zapien, Y. Lifshitz, S.T. Lee, J. Robertson, “Raman spectrum of silicon nanowires”, Mater. Sci. Engg. C. 23, 931-934 (2003). (December 2003)
    112. S. L. Lai, M. Y. Chan, M. K. Fung, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “Concentration effect of glycerol on the conductivity of PEDOT film and the device performance”, Mater. Sci. & Engg. B 104, 26-30 (2003). (November 2003)
    113. B. J. Chen, X. W. Sun, X. Q. Lin, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “Improved luminescent efficiency of a red organic dye with modified molecular structure”, Mater. Sci. & Engg. B 100, 59-62 (2003).  (June 2003)
    114. S. Piscanec, M. Cantoro, A.C. Ferrari, J.A. Zapien, Y. Lifshitz, S.T. Lee, S. Hofmann and J. Robertson, “Raman Spectroscopy of silicon nanowires”, Phy. Rev. B 68, 241312 (2003)  (December 2003)
  • Publications in 2002
    115. X.H. Sun, C.P. Li, W.K. Wong, N.B. Wong, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, B.K. Teo, “Formation of silicon carbide nanotubes and nanowires via reaction of silicon (from disproportionation of silicon monoxide) with carbon nanotubes” J Am. Chem. Soc. 124, 14464-14471 (2002). (November 2002)
    116. X.H. Sun, C.P. Li, N.B. Wong, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, B.K. Teo, “Templating effect of hydrogen-passivated silicon nanowires in the production of hydrocarbon nanotubes and nanoonions via sonochemical reactions with common organic solvents under ambient conditions”, J. Am. Chem. Soc.  124, 14856-14857 (2002). (November 2002)
    117. J.Q. Hu, Q. Li, X.M. Meng, C.S. Lee, and S.T. Lee, “Synthesis and “Nanostructuring” of Patterned Wires of a-GeO2 by Thermal-Oxidation”, Adv. Mater. 14, 1396-1399 (2002). (October 2002)
    118. C.P. Li, N. Wang, S.P. Wong, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, " Metal Silicide/Silicon Nanowires from Metal Vapor Vacuum Arc Implantation", Adv. Mater. 14, 218-221 (2002). (February 2002)
    119. D. D. D. Ma, C. S. Lee, Y. Lifshitz, and S. T. Lee, “Periodic array of intramolecular junctions of silicon nanowires”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 3233-3235 (2002). (October 2002)
    120. N. G. Shang, C. P. Li, W. K. Wong, C. S. Lee, I. Bello, and S. T. Lee, “Microstructure and field emission properties of coral-like carbon nanotubes”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 5024 (2002). (December 2002)
    121. Y.H. Tang, T.K. Sham, A. Jurgensen, Y.F. Hu, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Phosphorus-doped silicon nanowires studied by near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 3709 (2002).
    122. J.Z. He, J.B. Xu, M.S. Xu, Z. Xie, I.H. Wilson, X.L. Ma, Q. Li, N. Wang, L.S. Hung, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Dispersion, refinement, and manipulation of single silicon nanowires”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 1812-1814 (2002). (March 2002)
    123. W.K. Wong, F.Y. Meng, Q. Li, F. C.K. Au, I. Bello, and S.T. Lee, “Field-emission properties of multihead silicon cone arrays coated with cesium”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 877 (2002). (February 2002)
    124. D.K. Yu, R.Q. Zhang, and S.T. Lee, “Structural transition in nanosized silicon clusters”, Phys. Rev. B 65, 245417 (2002). (June 2002)
    125. B.X. Li, P.L. Cao, R.Q. Zhang, and S.T. Lee, “Electronic and geometric structure of thin stable short silicon nanowires”, Phys. Rev. B 65, 125305 (2002). (March 2002)
    126. D. K. Yu, R. Q. Zhang, and S. T. Lee, “Structural properties of hydrogenated silicon nanocrystals and nanoclusters”, J. Appl. Phys. 92, 7453 (2002). (December 2002)
    127. T.Y. Tan, S.T.Lee, U.Gösele, “A model for growth directional features in silicon nanowires”, Appl. Phys. A 74, 423-432 (2001). (April 2002)
    128. J.Q. Hu, Q. Li, X. M. Meng, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, “Synthesis of b-Ga2O3 Nanowires by Laser Ablation”, J. Phys. Chem. B 106, 9536-9539 (2002). (September 2002)
    129. C.P. Li, X.H. Sun, N.B. Wong, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, and Boon K. Teo, “Silicon nanowires wrapped with Au film”, J. Phys. Chem. B. 106, 6980-6984 (2002). (July 2002)
    130. J.Q. Hu, X.L. Ma, Z.Y. Xie, N.B. Wong, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, “Large scale rapid oxidation synthesis of SnO2 nanoribbons”, J. Phys. Chem. B 106, 3823-3826 (2002). (April 2002)
    131. J. Q. Hu, Quan Li, N. B. Wong, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, “Synthesis of Uniform Hexagonal Prismatic ZnO Whiskers”, Chem. Mater. 14, 1216-1219 (2002). (March 2002)
    132. X. H. Sun, R. Sammynaiken, S. J. Naftel, Y. H. Tang, P. Zhang, P.S. Kim, T. K. Sham, X. H. Fan, Y.F. Zhang, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, N.B. Wong, Y.F. Hu and K. H. Tan, “Ag nanostructures on a silicon nanowire template: preparation and x-ray absorption fine structure study at the Si K-edge and Ag L3,2-edge”, Chem. Mater. 14, 2519-2526 (2002). (June 2002)
    133. Y. H. Tang, T. K. Sham, Y. F. Hu, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “Near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure study of helicity and defects in carbon nanotubes”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 366, 636-641 (2002).  (December 2002)
    134. C. P. Li, X. H. Sun, N. B. Wong, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee and Boon K. Teo, “Ultrafine and uniform silicon nanowires grown with zeolites”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 365, 22-26 (2002). (28 October 2002).
    135. R. Q. Zhang, S. T. Lee, Chi-Kin Law, Wai-Kee Li and Boon K. Teo, “Silicon nanotubes: Why not ?”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 364, 251-258 (2002). (4 October 2002)
    136. H.Y. Peng, N. Wang, X.T. Zhou, Y.F. Zheng, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Control of growth orientation of GaN nanowires”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 359, 241-245 (2002). (20 June 2002)
    137. J. C. Li, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “Direct growth of beta-SiC nanowires from SiOx thin films deposited on Si (1 0 0) substrate”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 355, 147-150 (2002).  (March 2002)
    138. X.H. Sun, C.P. Li, N.B. Wong, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee and B.K. Teo, “Reductive growth of nanosized ligated metal clusters on silicon nanowires”, Inorg. Chem. 41, 4331-4336 (2002)  (August 2002)
  • Publications in 2001
    139. W.S. Shi, H.Y. Peng, N. Wang, C.P. Li, L. Xu, C.S. Lee, R. Kalish, S.T. Lee, “Free-standing single crystal silicon nanoribbons”, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 123 No. 44 (2001) 11095-11096.
    140. H.Y. Peng, Z.W. Pan, L. Xu, X.H. Fan, N. Wang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Temperature dependence of Si nanowire morphology", Adv. Mater. 13 (2001) 317-320.
    141. W.S. Shi, Y.F. Zheng, N. Wang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "A general synthetic route to III-IV compound semiconductor nanowires", Adv. Mater. 13 (2001) 591-594.
    142. H.Z. Xie, M.W. Liu, O.Y. Wang, X.H. Zhang, C.S. Lee, L.S. Hung, S.T. Lee, P.F. Teng, H.L. Kwong, H. Zheng and C.M. Che, "Reduction of self-quenching effect in organic electrophosphorescence emitting devices via the use of sterically hindered spacers in phosphorescence molecules", Adv. Mater. 13 (2001) 1245-1248.
    143. W.S. Shi, Y.F. Zheng, N. Wang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Oxide-assisted growth and optical characterization of gallium-arsenide nanowires," Appl. Phys. Letts. 78 (2001) 3304-3306.
    144. Y. H. Tang, X. H. Sun, F. C. K. Au, L. S. Liao, H. Y. Peng, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, T.K. Sham, " Microstructure and field-emission characteristics of boron-doped Si nanoparticle chains", Appl. Phys. Letts. 79 (2001) 1673-1675.
    145. D.D.D. Ma, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, "Scanning tunneling microscopic study of boron-doped silicon nanowires", Appl. Phys. Letts. 79 (2001) 2468-2470.
    146. Y. H. Tang, P. Zhang, P. S. Kim, and T. K. Sham, Y. F. Hu, X. H. Sun and N. B. Wong, M. K. Fung, Y. F. Zheng, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, "Amorphous carbon nanowires investigated by near-edge-x-ray-absorption-fine-structures", Appl. Phys. Letts. 79 (2001) 3773-3775.
    147. Z. W. Pan, Frederick C. K. Au, H. L. Lai, W. Y. Zhou, L. F. Sun, Z. Q. Liu, D. S. Tang, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, and S. S. Xie, " Very Low-Field Emission from Aligned and Opened Carbon Nanotube Arrays", J. Physical Chemistry B 105 (2001) 1519-1522.
    148. Z. W. Pan, Z. R. Dai, L. Xu, S. T. Lee, and Z. L. Wang, " Temperature-controlled growth of silicon-based nanostructures by thermal evaporation of SiO powders", J. Physical Chemistry B 105 (2001) 2507-2514.
    149. R.Q. Zhang, T.S. Chu, H.F. Cheung, N. Wang, S.T. Lee, "High reactivity of silicon suboxide clusters", Phys. Rev. B 64 (2001) 113304.
    150. X H Fan, L. Xu, C P Li, Y F Zheng, C S Lee, S T Lee, "Effects of ambient pressure on silicon nanowires growth", Chem. Phys. Lett 334 (2001) 229-232.
    151. Z. Zhang, X.H. Fan, L. Xu, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, "Morphology and growth mechanism study of self-assembled silicon nanowires synthesized by thermal evaporation", Chem. Phys. Letts. 337(2001) 18-24.
    152. Y.H. Tang, Y.F. Zheng, C.S. Lee, N. Wang, S.T. Lee, T.K. Sham, "Carbon monoxide-assisted growth of carbon nanotubes", Chem. Phys. Letts. 342(2001) 259-264.
    153. J. Q. Hu, X. L. Ma, Z. Y. Xie, N. B. Wong, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, " Characterization of zinc oxide crystal whiskers grown by thermal evaporation", Chem. Phys. Letts. 344 (2001) 97-100.
    154. W S Shi, Y F Zheng, N. Wang, C S Lee, S T Lee, "Microstructures of gallium nitride nanowires synthesized by oxide-assisted method". Chem. Phys. Letts. 345 (2001) 377-380.
    155. H. Y. Peng, N. Wang, W. S. Shi, Y. F. Zhang, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, "Bulk-quantity Si nanosphere chains prepared from semi-infinite length Si nanowires", J. Appl Phys. 89 (2001) 727-731.
    156. X. H. Sun, H. Y. Peng, Y. H. Tang, W. S. Shi, N. B. Wong, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee and T.K. Sham, " Surface reactivity of Si nanowires", J. Appl Phys. 89 (2001) 6396-6399.
    157. X.-H. Sun,  Y.-H. Tang, P. Zhang, S. J. Naftel, R. Sammynaiken, and T. K. Sham, H. Y. Peng, Y.-F. Zhang, N. B. Wong, and S. T. Lee, " X-ray absorption fine structure and electron energy loss spectroscopy study of silicon nanowires at the Si L3,2 edge", J. Appl Phys. 90 (2001) 6379-6383.
    158. W.S. Shi, Y.F. Zheng, H.Y. Peng, N. Wang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Laser ablation synthesis and optical characterization of silicon carbide nanowires", J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 83 (2001) 3228-3230.
    159. Y.H. Tang, Y.F. Zhang, N. Wang, W.S. Shi, C.S. Lee, I. Bello, S.T. Lee, " Si nanowires synthesized from silicon monoxide by laser ablation", J. Vac. Sci. & Tech. B 19 (2001) 317-319.
    160. W. S. Shi, Y. F. Zheng, N. Wang, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, " Synthesis and microstructure of gallium phosphide nanowires", J. Vac. Sci. & Tech. B 19 (2001) 1115-1118.
    161. R. Q. Zhang, T. S. Chu, H. F. Cheung, N. Wang and S. T. Lee, "Mechanism of oxide-assisted nucleation and growth of silicon nanostructures", Mater. Sci. & Engg. C. 16 (2001) 31-35.
  • Publications in 2000
    162. Z.W. Pan, H.L. Lai, Frederick C.K. Au, X.F. Duan, W.Y. Zhou, W.S. Shi, N. Wang, C.S. Lee, N.B. Wong, S.T. Lee and S.S. Xie, "Oriented silicon carbide nanowires: synthesis and field emssion properties", Adv. Mat.  12 No. 16 (2000) 1186-1190.
    163. W.S. Shi, H.Y. Peng, Y.F. Zheng, N. Wang, N.G. Shang, Z.W. Pan, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Synthesis of large areas of highly oriented, very long silicon nanowires", Advanced Materials 12  (2000) 1343-1345.
    164. W.S. Shi, H.Y. Peng, L. Xu, N. Wang. Y.H. Tang and S.T. Lee, “Coaxial three-layer nanocables synthesized by combining laser ablation and thermal evapoation”, Adv. Mat. 12 1927-1930 (2000)  (December 2000) 
    165. Y.F. Zhang, L.S. Liao, W.H. Chan, S.T. Lee, R. Sammynaiken, T.K. Sham, "Electronic structure of silicon nanowires: A photoemission and x-ray absorption study", Phys. Rev. B Vol. 61 No.12 (2000) 8298-8305.
    166. Y.F. Zhang, Y.H. Tang, N. Wang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Germanium nanowires sheathed with an oxide layer", Phys. Rev. B 61, Issue 7 (2000) 4518-4521.
    167. H.L. Lai, N.B. Wong, X.T. Zhou, H.Y. Peng, Frederick C.K. Au, N. Wang, I. Bello, C.S. Lee, S. T. Lee and X.F. Duan, "Straight b-SiC nanorods synthesized by using C-Si-SiO2," Appl. Phys. Lett. 76 No. 3 (2000) 294-296.
    168. H.Y. Peng, N. Wang, Y.F. Zheng, Y. Lifshitz, J. Kulik, R.Q. Zhang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Smallest diameter carbon nanotubes", Appl. Phys. Lett 77 No.18 (2000) 2831-2833.
    169. Y.F. Zhang, Y.H. Tang, Y. Zhang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Deposition of carbon nanotubes on Si nanowires by chemical vapor deposition", Chem. Phys. Letts. 330 (2000) 48-52.
    170. X.T. Zhou, H.L. Lai, H.Y. Peng, Frederick C.K. Au, L.S. Liao, N. Wang, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Thin b-SiC nanorods and their field emission properties", Chem. Phy. Lett. 318 (2000) 58-62.
    171. Y.F. Zhang, Y.H. Tang, X.F. Duan, Y. Zhang, C.S. Lee, N. Wang, I. Bello, S.T. Lee, "Yttrium-barium-copper-oxygen nanorods synthesized by laser ablation", Chem. Phy. Lett. 323 (2000) 180-184.
    172. H.Y. Peng, X.T. Zhou, N. Wang, Y.F. Zheng, L.S. Liao, W.S. Shi, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, "Bulk-quantity GaN nanowires synthesized from hot filament CVD", Chem. Phys. Lett.327 (2000) 263-270.
    173. Y.H. Tang, Y.F. Zheng, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, "A simple route to annihilate defects in silicon nanowires", Chem. Phys. Lett. 328 (2000) 346-349.
    174. X. T. Zhou, R. Q. Zhang, H. Y. Peng, N. G. Shang, N. Wang, I. Bello, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, "Highly efficient and stable photoluminescence from silicon nanowires coated with SiC", Chem. Phys. Lett. 332 (2000) 215-218.
    175. S.T. Lee, N. Wang, C.S. Lee, "Semiconductor nanowires: synthesis, structure and properties", Mat.  Sci. & Eng. A 286 (2000) 16-23.
    176. X.T. Zhou, N. Wang, Frederick C.K. Au, H.L. Lai, H.Y. Peng, I. Bello, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, "Growth and emission properties of b-SiC nanorods", Mat.  Sci. & Eng. A 286 (2000) 119-124.
    177. C. Lam, Y.F. Zhang, Y.H. Tang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, " Large scale synthesis of ultrafine Si nanoparticles by ball milling", J. of Crystal Growth 220 (2000) 466-470.
    178. Y.F. Zhang, Y.H. Tang, C. Lam, N. Wang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello, S.T. Lee, "Bulk-quantity Si nanowires synthesized by SiO sublimation", J. of Crystal Growth 212 (2000) 115-118.
    179. H.Y. Peng, X.T. Zhou, H.L. Lai, N. Wang and S.T. Lee, “Microstructure observations of silicon carbide nanowords”, J. Mat. Res. 15, 2020-2026 (2000)  (September 2000)
  • Publications in 1999
    180. Y.F. Zhang, Y.H. Tang, H.Y. Peng, N. Wang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Diameter modification of silicon nanowires by ambient gas", Appl. Phys. Lett.75, No. 13 (1999)1842-1844.
    181. K.W. Wong, X.T. Zhou, Frederick C.K. Au, H.L. Lai, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Field emission characteristics of SiC nanowires prepared by chemical vapour deposition", Appl. Phys. Lett. 75 No. 19(1999) 2918-2920.
    182. X.T. Zhou, N. Wang, H.L. Lai, H.Y. Peng, I. Bello, N.B. Wong, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, " b -SiC nanorods synthesized by hot filament chemical vapor deposition", Appl. Phys. Lett.  74 (1999) 3942-3944.
    183. Y.H. Tang, Y.F. Zhang, N. Wang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Germanium dioxide whiskers by laser ablation", Appl. Phys. Lett.  74 No.24 (1999) 3824-3826.
    184. Y.H. Tang, N. Wang, Y.F. Zhang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Synthesis and characterization of amorphous carbon nanowires", Appl. Phys. Lett. 75 No. 19(1999) 2921-2923.
    185. Frederick C.K. Au, K.W. Wong, Y.H. Tang, Y.F. Zhang, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Electron field emission from silicon nanowires", Appl. Phys. Lett. 75 No.12 (1999) 1700-1702.
    186. S.T. Lee, N. Wang, Y.F. Zhang and Y.H. Tang, "Oxide-Assisted Semiconductor Nanowire Growth", MRS Bulletin (Aug.1999) 36-42.
    187. N. Wang, Y.H. Tang, Y.F. Zhang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Si nanowires grown from silicon oxide", Chem. Phy. Lett. 299 (1999) 237-242.
    188. Y.H. Tang, Y.F. Zhang, H.Y. Peng, N. Wang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, “Si nanowires synthesized by laser ablation of mixed SiC and SiO2 powders”, Chem. Phys. Lett.  314, Issues 1-2, 26  (1999) 16-20.
    189. Y.H. Tang, Y.F. Zhang, N. Wang, C.S. Lee, X.D. Han, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Morphology of Si nanowires synthesized by high temperature laser ablation", J. Appl. Phys. 85 No.11 (1999) 7981-7983.
    190. Y.F. Zhang, Y.H. Tang, N. Wang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "One-dimensional growth mechanism of crystalline nanowires", J. Crystal Growth 197 (1999) 136-140.
    191. S.T. Lee, Y.F. Zhang, N. Wang, Y.H. Tang, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and Y.W. Chung, "Semiconductor nanowires from oxides", J.  Mater. Res. 14 No. 12 (1999) 4503-4507.
    192. Y.F. Zhang, Y.H. Tang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Nanocrystalline C-BN synthesized by mechanical alloying", Dia. & Relat. Mater. 8(1999) 610-613.
  • Publications in 1998
    193. N. Wang, Y.H. Tang, Y.F. Zhang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Nucleation and growth of Si nanowires from silicon-oxide", Physical Review B 58 (1998) R16024-26.
    194. D.P Yu, X.S Sun, C.S Lee, I. Bello, S.T. Lee, H.D Gu, K.M Leung, G.W Zhou, Z.F Dong and Z. Zhang, "Synthesis of boron nitride nanotubes by means of excimer laser ablation at high temperature", Appl. Phys. Lett. 72 No.16 (1998) 1966-1968.
    195. N. Wang, Y.F. Zhang, Y.H. Tang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "SiO2-enhanced synthesis of Si nanowires by laser ablation", Appl. Phys. Lett. 73 (1998) 3902-3904.
    196. Y. F., Zhang, Y. H. Tang, N. Wang, D. P. Yu, C. S. Lee, I. Bello, and S. T. Lee, "Silicon nanowires prepared by laser ablation at high temperature", Appl. Phys. Lett. 72 No.15 (1998) 1835-1837.
    197. N.Wang, Y.H.Tang, Y.F.Zhang, D.P.Yu, C.S.Lee, I.Bello, S.T.Lee, “Transmission electron microscopy evidence of the defect structure in Si nanowires synthesised by laser ablation”, Chem. Phy. Letters 283, (1998) 368-372.
• Nanodiamond, Cubic-Boron Nitride & Nanostructuring
  • Publications in 2007
    198. X.T. Zhou, T.K. Sham, Y. Wu, Y.M. Chong, I. Bello, S.T. Lee, F. Heigl, T. Regier, R. I. R. Blyth, “X-ray Excited Optical Luminescence from Diamond Thin Films: The Contribution of sp2- and H-Bonded Carbon to the Luminescence”, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 129, 1476-1477 (2007).  (January 2007)
    199. Z. Q. Yao, Q. Ye, Y. Q. Li, Y. S. Zou, W. J. Zhang, S. T. Lee, “Microstructure analysis of c-axis oriented aluminum nitride thin films by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 121907 (2007). (March 2007)
    200. K. L. Ma, J. X. Tang, Y. S. Zou, Q. Ye, W. J. Zhang, S. T. Lee, “Photoemission spectroscopic study of nitrogen-incorporated nanocrystalline diamond films”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 092105 (2007). (February 2007)
    201. X. T. Zhou, T. K. Sham, W. J. Zhang, C. Y. Chan, I. Bello, S. T. Lee, H. Hofsäss, “X-ray absorption studies on cubic boron nitride thin films”, J. Appl. Phys. 101, 013710 (2007). (January 2007)
    202. Y.S. Zou, K.L. Ma, W.J. Zhang, Q. Ye, Z.Q. Yao, Y.M. Chong, S.T. Lee, “Fabrication of diamond nanocones and nanowhiskers by bias-assisted plasma etching”, Diamond and Related Materials 16, 1208-1212 (2007).  (April-July 2007)
• Publications in 2006
  203. K. M. Leung, H. Q. Li, Y. S. Zou, K. L. Ma, Y. M. Chong, Q. Ye, W. J. Zhang, S. T. Lee, and I. Bello, “Structural analysis of cubic boron nitride films by ultraviolet Raman spectroscopy”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 241922 (2006).
  204. X. M. Meng, W. J. Zhang, C. Y. Chan, C. S. Lee, I. Bello, and S. T. Lee, “Surface microstructure analysis of cubic boron nitride films by transmission electron microscopy”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 031904-(1-3) (2006).  (January 2006)
  205. C.Y. Chan, S. Eyhusen, X.M. Meng, I. Bello, S.T. Lee, C. Ronning and H. Hofsäss, “The effect of substrate surface roughness on the nucleation of cubic boron nitride films”,  Diamond and Related Materials 15, 55-60 (2006).  (January 2006).
  206. Y.M. Chong, K.L. Ma, K.M. Leung, C.Y. Chan, Q. Ye, I. Bello, W.J. Zhang, S.-T. Lee, “Synthesis and mechanical properties of cubic boron nitride /nanodiamond composite films”, Chem. Vap. Dep. 12, 33-38 (2006).  (January 2006).
  207. Y.M. Chong, K.M. Leung, K.L. Ma, W.J. Zhang, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, “Growing cubic boron nitride films at different temperatures”, Diamond and Related Materials (in press, 2006)
  208. K.L. Ma, W.J. Zhang, Y.S. Zou, Y.M. Chong, K.M. Leung, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, “Electrical properties of nitrogen incorporated nanocrystalline diamond films” Diamond and Related Materials, (in press, 2006)
  209. X.T. Zhou, T.K. Sham, C.Y. Chan, W.J. Zhang, I. Bello, and S.T. Lee, F. Heigl, A. Jürgenen, H. Hofsäss, “Preferable orientation of turbostratic BN basal planes from an x-ray absorption study”, J. Mater. Res. 21, 147-152 (2006). (January 2006)
• Publications in 2005
  210. W. J. Zhang, C. Y. Chan, X. M. Meng, M. K. Fung, I. Bello, Y. Lifshitz, S. T. Lee, X. Jiang, “The Mechanism of Chemical Vapor Deposition of Cubic Boron Nitride Films from Fluorine-Containing Species”, Angewandte Chemie International Edition 44, 4749-4753 (2005). (July 2005).
  211. Y. Yao, M.Y. Liao, Z.G. Wang, Y. Lifshitz, S.T. Lee, “Nucleation of diamond by pure carbon ion bombardment - a transmission electron microscopy study”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 063103 (2005).  (August 2005).
  212. K.M. Leung, C.Y. Chan, Y.M. Chong, Y. Yao, K.L. Ma, I. Bello, W.J. Zhang, S.T. Lee, “Studying them growth of cubic boron nitride on amorphous tetrahedral carbon interlayers”, J. Phys. Chem. B. 109, 16272-16277 (2005).  (September 2005).
  213. W.J. Zhang, X.M. Meng, C.Y. Chan, K.M. Chan, Y. Wu, I. Bello, S.T. Lee, “Interfacial study of cubic boron nitride films deposited on diamond”, J. Phys. Chem. B. 109, 16005-16010 (2005).  (August 2005).
  214. J.B. MacNaughton, A. Moewes, R.G. Wilks, X.T. Zhou, T.K. Sham, T. Taniguchi, K. Watanabe, C.Y. Chan, W.J. Zhang, I. Bello, S.T. Lee, H. Hofsass, “Electronic structure of boron nitride single crystals and films”, Phys. Rev. B 72, 195113 (2005).
  215. Y. Yao, M.Y. Liao, Th. Köhler, Th. Frauenheim, R. Q. Zhang, Z. G. Wang, Y. Lifshitz, S. T. Lee, “Diamond nucleation by energetic pure carbon bombardment”, Phys. Rev. B 72, 035402 (2005).
  216. C.S. Lin, R.Q. Zhang, S.T. Lee, M. Elstner, T. Frauenheim, L.J. Wan, “Simulation of water cluster assembly on a graphite surface”, J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 14183-14188 (2005).  July 2005
  217. I. Ternyak, R. Akhvlediani, A. Hoffman, W.K. Wong, S.T. Lee, Y. Lifshitz, S. Daren, and E. Cheifetz, “Field electron emission from undoped, continuous, submicron-thick diamond films”, J. Appl. Phys. 98, 123522-(1-6) (2005). (December 2005)
  218. I. Bello, Y.M. Chong, K.M. Leung, C.Y. Chan, K.L. Ma, W.J. Zhang, S.T. Lee and A. Layyous, “Cubic boron nitride films for industrial applications”, Diamond and Related Materials 14, 1784-1790 (2005).  (November-December 2005)
  219. I. Bello, C.Y. Chan, W.J. Zhang, Y.M. Chong, K.M. Leung, S.T. Lee, Y. Lifshitz, “Deposition of thick cubic boron nitride films: The route to practical applications”, Diamond & Related Mater 14, 1154-1162 (2005). (March  2005)
  220. Z.F. Zhou, K.Y. Li, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, “Study of tribological performance of ECR–CVD diamond-like carbon coatings on steel substrates: Part 2. The analysis of wear mechanism”, Wear 258, 1589-1599 (2005).  (May 2005)
  221. K.Y. Li, Z.F. Zhou, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, “Study of tribological performance of ECR–CVD diamond-like carbon coatings on steel substrates: Part 1. The effect of processing parameters and operating conditions”, Wear 258, 1577-1588 (2005). (May 2005)
• Publications in 2004
  222. Y. Lifshitz, X.M. Meng, S.T. Lee, R. Akhveldiany, and A. Hoffman, “Visualization of Diamond Nucleation and Growth from Energetic Species”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 056101 (2004).  (July 2004)
  223. W.J. Zhang, I. Bello, Y. Lifshitz, K.M. Chan, X.M. Meng, Y. Wu, C.Y. Chan, S.T. Lee, “Epitaxy on diamond by chemical vapour deposition: a route to high-quality cubic boron nitride for electronic applications”, Adv. Mater. 16, 1405-1408 (2004). (August 2004).  The cubic boron nitride images of the paper were printed as the coverpage of Advanced Materials (August 2004).
  224. W. J. Zhang, I. Bello, Y. Lifshitz, K. M. Chan, Y. Wu, C. Y. Chan, X. M. Meng, and S. T. Lee, “Thick and adherent cubic boron nitride films grown on diamond interlayers by fluorine-assisted chemical vapor deposition”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 1344 (2004).  August 2004
  225. M.W. Zhao, R.Q. Zhang, and S.T. Lee, “Stable tetrahedral structure of the silica cluster (SiO2),  Phys. Rev. B. 70, 205404 (2004). 
  226. R. Q. Zhang, Y. Q. Feng, S. T. Lee, C. L. Bai, “ Electrical transport and electronic delocalization of small fullerenes”, J. Phys. Chem. B. 108, 16636-16641 (2004). (October 2004)
  227. R. Q. Zhang, D.J. Zhang, Y. L. Zhao, and S. T. Lee, “Fluorination induced etching selectivity of boron nitride phases” J. Phys. Chem. B  108, 7597-7602 (2004). (June 2004).
  228. R.Q. Zhang, W.C. Lu, Y.L. Zhao, S.T. Lee, “On the stability of hydride configurations on silicon cluster surfaces: A first-principle theoretical study”, J. Phys. Chem. B. 108, 1967-1973 (2004).
  229. W. Y. Luk, O. Kutsay, I. Bello, Y. Lifshitz, C. W. Lam, X. Meng and S. T. Lee, “Transformation of semiconducting tetrahedral carbon films to semimetal nanocomposite materials by ion implantation”, Diamond & Related Mater 13, 1427-1432 (2004). (April 2004)
  230. W. J. Zhang, Y. Wu, C. Y. Chan, W. K. Wong, X. M. Meng, I. Bello, Y. Lifshitz and S. T. Lee, “Structuring single- and nano-crystalline diamond cones”, Diamond & Related Mater 13, 1037-1043 (2004).  (April 2004).
  231. Y. Zhang and S. T. Lee, “Diamond Crystals, Growth of” Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology, 2113-2118 (2004).
• Publications in 2003
232. W.J. Zhang, I. Bello, Y. Lifshitz, and S.T. Lee, “Recent Advances in Cubic Boron Nitride Deposition”, MRS Bulletin Mar, 184-188 (2003). (March 2003)  The cubic boron nitride images of the paper were featured as the coverpage of MRS Bulletin(Mar 2003).
233. W. J. Zhang, Y. Wu, W. K. Wong, X. M. Meng, C. Y. Chan, I. Bello, Y. Lifshitz, and S. T. Lee, “Structuring nanodiamond cone arrays for improved field emission”, Appl. Phys. Letts. 83, 3365-3367 (2003).  (October 2003)
234. W. J. Zhang, X. M. Meng, C. Y. Chan, Y. Wu, I. Bello, and S. T. Lee, “Oriented single-crystal diamond cones and their arrays”, Appl. Phys. Letts. 82, 2622-1786 (2003).  (April 2003)
235. Y.H. Tang, X.T. Zhou, Y.F. Hu, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee and T.K. Sham, “A soft X-ray absorption study of nanodiamond films prepared by hot-filament chemical vapor deposition”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 372, 320 –324 (2003). (April 2003)
236. W.J. Zhang, C.Y. Chan, K.M. Chan, I. Bello, Y. Lifshitz, S.T. Lee, “Deposition of large-area, high-quality cubic boron nitride films by DCR-enhanced microwave-plasma CVD”, Applied Physics A: Mater. Sci. & Processing, 76, 953-955 (2003) (April 2003).
237. C.Y. Chan, W.J. Zhang, S. Matsumoto, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, “A nanoindentation study of thick cBN films prepared by chemical vapor deposition”, J. Crystal Growth 247, 438-444 (2003). (January 2003)
238. K.W. Lee, Y.W. Chung, C.Y. Chan, I. Bello, S.T. Lee, A. Karimi, J. Joerg Patscheider, M. P. Delplancke-Ogletree, D.H. Yang, B. Boyce and T. Buchheit, “An international round-robin experiment to evaluate the consistency of nanoindentation hardness measurements of thin films”, Surface and Coatings Technology 168, 57-61 (2003). (May 2003)
239. C.H. Lee, J. Qi, S.T. Lee and L.S. Hung, “Epitaxial diamond on a Si/CaF2/Ir substrate”, Diamond & Related Mater. 12, 1335-1339 (2003) (August 2003).
240. C. Y. Chan, W. J. Zhang, X. M. Meng, K. M. Chan, I. Bello, Y. Lifshitz and S. T. Lee, “The growth of thick cBN films employing fluorine chemistry and ECR deposition”, Diamond & Related Mater 12, 1162 –1168 (2003). (March – July 2003)
241. C.Y. Chan, W. Zhang, K.M. Chan, I. Bello, S.T. Lee, “Synthesis of Boron Nitride Films Using Electron-Cyclotron Resonance Microwave Plasma and an H2-BF3-N2-Ar-He Gas System”,  Chem Vapor Deposition 9, 181-186 (2003). (August 2003)
242. O. Kutsay, I. Bello, Y. Lifshitz, C.W. Lam, W.Y. Luk, S.T. Lee, X.M. Meng, V. Kremnican, “Nanostructuring of tetrahedral carbon films by carbon ion implantation”, Diamond & Related Mater. 12, 2051-2056 (2003).  (October – November 2003)
243. Y. Wu, J. Qi, C. H. Lee, L. S. Hung, W. J. Zhang, I. Bello, Y. Lifshitz and S. T. Lee,  “Diamond growth on Ir/CaF2/Si substrates”,  Diamond & Related Mater 12, 1675-1680 (2003).  (October – November 2003)
244. X. T. Zhou, X. M. Meng, F. Y. Meng, Quan Li, I. Bello, W. J. Zhang, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee and Y. Lifshitz, “Formation and structure of a-C/nanodiamond composite films by prolonged bias enhanced nucleation”, Diamond & Related Mater 12, 1640-1646 (2003)  (October – November 2003)
• Publications in 2002
  245. N.G. Shang, F.Y. Meng, F.C.K. Au, Q. Li, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Fabrication and field emission of high-density silicon cone arrays", Adv. Mater. 14, 1308-1311 (2002). (September 2002)
  246. X. T. Zhou, Q. Li, F. Y. Meng, I. Bello, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, and Y. Lifshitz, “Manipulation of the equilibrium between diamond growth and renucleation to form a nanodiamond/amorphous carbon composite”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 3307 (2002). (May 2002)
  247. D.D.D. Ma, Y.G. Wang, Li Lu, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Negative differential resistance in the scanning-tunneling spectroscopy of diamond films", Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 1231 (2002).
  248. Q. Li, I. Bello, L. D. Marks, Y. Lifshitz, and S. T. Lee, “Orientation effects in tBN/cBN interfaces: A transmission electron microscopic study”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 46-48 (2002).
  249. R.Q. Zhang, W.C. Lu, and S.T. Lee, “Size-dependent oxidation of hydrogenated silicon clusters”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 4223-4225 (2002). (June 2002)
  250. Q. Li, L. D. Marks, Y. Lifshitz, S. T. Lee, and I. Bello, “Controlling the nucleation environment of c-BN films and their related properties”, Phys. Rev. B 65, 045415 (2002). (January 2002)
  251. Y. Q. Feng, R. Q. Zhang, K. S. Chan, H. F. Cheung, and S. T. Lee, “Theoretical study of structure-dependent Coulomb blockade in carbon nanotubes”, Phys. Rev. B 66, 045404 (2002) (July 2002)
  252. W.J. Zhang, S. Matsumoto, Q. Li, I. Bello, S.T. Lee, “Growth behavior of cubic boron nitride films in a two-Step process: changing bias voltage, gas composition, and substrate temperature”, Adv. Functional Mater. 12, 250-254 (2002).  (April 2002)
  253. R. Q. Zhang, W. C. Lu, H. F. Cheung, S. T. Lee, "Computation of Large Systems with Economic Basis Set:  Simulation of Diamond Metallization Using Titanium", J. Phys. Chem. B 106, 625-631 (2002).  (January 2002)
  254. X. Jiang, F. C. K. Au, and S. T. Lee, “Ultrahigh boron doping of nanocrystalline diamond films and their electron field emission characteristics”,J. Appl. Phys. 92, 2880 (2002).  (September 2002).
  255. F. Hörmann, H. Y. Peng, Th. Bauer, Q. Li, M. Schreck, Y. Lifshitz, S. T. Lee and B. Stritzker, “Flat epitaxial diamond/Ir (0 0 1) interface visualized by high resolution transmission electron microscopy”, Surface Science 513, 525-529 (2002). (August 2002)
  256. I. Gerhards, C. Ronning, U. Vetter, H. Hofsäss, H. Gibhardt, G. Eckold, Q. Li, S. T. Lee, Y. L. Huang and M. Seibt, “Ion beam synthesis of amorphous carbon thin films containing metallic nanoclusters”, Surface and Coatings Technology 158-159, 114-119 (2002). (September 2002)
  257. N. G. Shang, F. Y. Meng, C. Y. Chan, Q. Li, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee and I. Bello, “Diamond Grown on Steel Via In-Situ Formed Interlayers”, Int. J. Modern Phys. B 16, 881-886 (2002). (March 2002)
  258. X. Jiang, G. Yu and S.T. Lee, “Simulation of polycrystalline 3D film growth: an investigation of the evolution of grain size and texture in diamond film”, Appl. Phys. A 74, 217-224 (2002).  (February 2002)
  259. N G Shang, F C K Au, X M Meng, C S Lee, I Bello, S T Lee, “Uniform carbon nanoflake films and their field emission”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 358, 187-191 (2002). (31 May 2002) 
  260. X.L. Ma, N.G. Shang, Q. Li, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Microstructural characterization of Si cones fabricated by Ar+-sputtering Si/Mo targets", J. Cryst. Growth 234, 654-659 (2002). (February 2002)
• Publications in 2001
  261. M.Y. Liao, F.G. Qin, J.H. Zhang, Z.K. Liu, S.Y.Yang, and Z.U Wang and S.T. Lee, " Ion bombardment as the initial stage of diamond film growth", J. Appl. Phys. 89 (2001) 1983-1985.
  262. C. Ronning, M. Büttner, U. Vetter, H. Feldermann, O. Wondratschek, H. Hofsäss, W. Brunner, F. Au, Q. Li, S.T. Lee, "Ion beam deposition of fluorinated amorphous carbon", J. Appl. Phys. 90 (2001) 4237-4245.
  263. N.G. Shang, Z.F. Zhou, C.S. Lee, I. Bello, and S.T. Lee "Effect of ion beam nitriding on diamond nucleation and growth onto steel substrates", Diam. Relat. Mater. 10 (2001) 1506-1510.
  264. J. Qi, K.H. Lai, C.S. Lee, I.Bello, S.T. Lee, J.B. Luo and S.Z. Wen,  "Mechanical properties of a-C:H multiplayer films", Diam. Relat. Mater. 10 (2001) 1833-1838.
  265. S.C. Tjong, H.P. Ho and S.T. Lee, "Development of single and multi-layered metallic films on diamond by ion beam assisted deposition", Diam. Relat. Mater. 10 (2001) 1578-1583.
  266. K.Y. Li, Z.F. Zhou, I. Bello, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee,  "Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Diamond-like Carbon Films Prepared on Steel by ECR-CVD Process", Diam. Relat. Mater. 10 (2001) 1855-1861.
  267. K. H. Lai, C. Y. Chan, M. K. Fung, I. Bello, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, "Mechanical Properties of DLC Films Prepared in Acetylene Plasma and Methane Plasma Using an Electron Cyclotron Resonance Microwave Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition System", Diam. Relat. Mater. 10 (2001) 1862-1867.
  268. Q. Li, Z. F. Zhou, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee and I. Bello, "Synthesis and characterization of cubic boron nitride films: substrate bias and ion flux effects", Diam. Relat. Mater. 10 (2001) 1886-1891.
  269. X.T. Zhou, S.X. Sun, H.Y. Peng, N. Wang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, " Epitaxial growth of -SiC on Si (100) by low energy ion beam deposition", Diam. Relat. Mater. 10 (2001) 1927-1931.
  270. J. Qi, K.H. Lai, I. Bello, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, J.B. Luo, S.Z. Wen, "Fracture Resistance Enhancement of Diamond-like Carbon/Nitrogenated Diamond-like carbon Multilayer Deposited by Electron Cyclotron Resonance Microwave Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition", J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 19 (2001) 130-135.
  271. C.Y. Chan, K.H. Lai, M.K. Fung, W.K. Wong, I. Bello, R.F. Huang, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, and S.P. Wong, " Deposition and properties of tetrahedral amorphous carbon films prepared on magnetic hard disks", J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 19 (2001) 1606-1610.
  272. D.K. Yu, R.Q. Zhang, S.T. Lee "Structures and energetics of carbon bridged C60 clusters", Eur. Phys J. D 15(2001) 57-63.
  273. M.K. Lei, Quan Li, Z.F. Zhou, I. Bello, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, "Characterization and optical investigation of BCN film deposited by RF magnetron sputtering", Thin Solid Films 389 (2001) 194-199.
  274. J. Qi, C. Y. Chan, I. Bello, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, J. B. Luo and S. Z. Wen, " Film thickness effects on mechanical and tribological properties of nitrogenated diamond-like carbon films", Surf. Coat. Tech. 145 (2001) 38-43.
  275. S.C. Tjong, H. P. Ho, S.T. Lee, "The interdiffusion of Sn from AuSn solder with the barrier metal deposited on diamond", Mater. Res. Bull. 36, Issues 1-2, Jan (2001) 153-160.
  276. N.G. Shang, C.H. Lee, X.T. Zhou, F.Y. Meng, C.Y. Chan, S.T. Lee and I. Bello, “Investigation of diamond film depoition on steel without and with ion beam nitriding pretreatment”, J. Vac. Sci. & Tech. A 19, 2968-2973 (2001)  (November 2001) 
  277. R. Q. Zhang, T. S. Chu, and S. T. Lee, " Computation of large systems with an economic basis set: Ab initio calculations of silicon oxide clusters", J. Chem. Phys. 114 (2001) 5531-5536. 
  278. B.X. Li, P.L. Cao, Z.Z. Ye, R.Q. Zhang, S.T. Lee, “Oxygen adsorption on small Si clusters: a full-potential linear-muffin-tin-orbital molecular-dynamics study” J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 14 (2002) 1723-1733.
• Publications in 2000
  279. W.J. Zhang, X.S. Sun, H.Y. Peng, N. Wang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello, and S.T. Lee, " Diamond nucleation enhancement by direct low-energy ion-beam deposition", Phys. Rev. B 61 Issue 8 (2000) 5579-5586.
  280. C.H. Lee, Z.D. Lin, N. G. Shang, L.S. Liao, I. Bello, N. Wang and S.T. Lee, "Surface passivation in diamond nucleation", Phys. Rev. B 62 Issue 24 (2000) 17134-17137.
  281. X. T. Zhou, H. L. Lai, H. Y. Peng, C. Sun, W. J. Zhang, N. Wang, I. Bello, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee " Heteroepitaxial nucleation of diamond on Si(100) via double bias-assisted hot filament chemical vapor deposition", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 9 (2000) 134-139.
  282. R. Q. Zhang, E. Bertran, W. L. Wang, J. Esteve and S. T. Lee, " Step-by-step simulations of diamond nucleation and growth on a silicon (001) surface", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 9 (2000) 146-155.
  283. R.Q. Zhang, T.S. Chu, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, " Roles of nitrogen and boron hydride adsorptions on silicon (001) substrate in boron nitride growth", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 9 (2000) 596-599.
  284. M.K. Fung, K. H. Lai, H.L. Lai, C.Y. Chan, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Diamond-like carbon coatings applied to hard disks", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 9 (2000) 815-818.
  285. J.Y. Feng, N.G. Shang, X.S. Sun, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Microcrystalline diamond films by direct ion beam deposition", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 9 (2000) 872-876.
  286. H.P. Ho, K.C. Lo, S.C. Tjong, S.T. Lee, "Measurement of thermal conductivity in diamond films using a simple scanning thermocouple technique", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 9 (2000) 1312-1319.
  287. N. G. Shang, C. S. Lee, Z. D. Lin, I. Bello and S. T. Lee, "Intrinsic stress evolution in diamond films prepared in a CH4---H2---NH3 hot filament chemical vapor deposition system", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 9 (2000) 1388-1392.
  288. Y. M. Wang, K. W. Wong, S. T. Lee, M. Nishitani-Gamo, I. Sakaguchi, K. P. Loh and T. Ando, "Recent studies on diamond surfaces", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 9 (2000) 1582-1590.
  289. R.Q. Zhang, T.S. Chu, I. Bello, S.T. Lee, "The different characteristics of boron and nitrogen atoms/ions on silicon (001) substrate and their effect on boron nitride growth", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 9 (2000) 1774-1778.
  290. R.Q. Zhang, K.L Han, R.S. Zhu, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Ab initio/RRKM approach to carbon nitride formation: CH3NH2 decomposition", Chem. Phys. Lett. 321 (2000) 101-105.
  291. R. Q. Zhang, N. B. Wong, S. T. Lee, R. S. Zhu and K. L. Han, " Computation of large systems with an economic basis set: a density functional study on proton-bound carboxylic acid clusters", Chem. Phys. Lett. 319 (2000) 213-219.
  292. C. Sun, W.J. Zhang, N. Wang, C.Y. Chan, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Crystal morphology and phase purity of diamond crystallites during bias enhanced nucleation and initial growth stages", J. of Appl. Phys. 88 (2000) 3354-3360.
  293. M. K. Fung, K. H. Lai, C. Y. Chan, I. Bello, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, D. S. Mao and X. Wang, "Mechanical properties and corrosion studies of amorphous carbon on magnetic disks prepared by ECR plasma technique", Thin Solid Films 368 (2000) 198-202.
  294. I. Bello, M. K. Fung, W. J. Zhang, K. H. Lai, Y. M. Wang, Z. F. Zhou, R. K. W. Yu, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, " Effects at reactive ion etching of CVD diamond", Thin Solid Films 368 (2000) 222-226.
  295. Z.F. Zhou, I. Bello, V. Kremnican, M.K. Fung, K.H. Lai, K.Y. Li, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Formation of cubic boron nitride films on nickel substrates", Thin Solid Films 368 (2000) 292-296.
  296. R.Q. Zhang, T.S. Chu, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "A theoretical study on the interactions of hydrogen spices with various carbon and boron nitride phases, " J. Phys. Chem. B. 104 (2000) 6761-6766.
  297. X. T. Zhou, S. T. Lee, I. Bello, A. C. Cheung, D. S. Chiu, Y. W. Lam, C. S. Lee, K. M. Leung and X. M. He, "Physical properties of a-C:H films prepared by electron cyclotron resonance microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition",  Mat. Sci & Eng. B 77 (2000) 229-234.
  298. X. T. Zhou, S. T. Lee, I. Bello, A. C. Cheung, D. S. Chiu, Y. W. Lam, C. S. Lee, K. M. Leung and X. M. He, " Deposition and properties of a-C:H films on polymethyl methacrylate by electron cyclotron resonance microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition method", Surface and Coatings Technology 123 (2000) 273-277.
  299. Z. F. Zhou, I. Bello, M. K. Lei, K. Y. Li, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, " Synthesis and characterization of boron carbon nitride films by radio frequency magnetron sputtering", Surface and Coatings Technology 128-129 (2000) 334-340.
  300. X. M. He, K. C. Walter, and M. Nastasi, S.T. Lee and M. K. Fung, "Investigation of Si-doped diamond-like carbon films synthesized by plasma immersion ion processing", Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 18 (2000) 2143-2148.
  301. S. C. Tjong, N. B. Wong, G. Li and S. T. Lee, " Metallization of CVD diamond films by ion beam assisted deposition", Mat. Chem. and Phys. 62 (2000) 241-246.
  302. R. Q. Zhang, T. S. Chu, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, "The Effects of Hydrogen Etching on Different Carbon and Boron Nitride Phases" Chemical Vapor Deposition, Volume 6, Issue 5, (2000) 227-230.
  303. H. B. Lu, N. Wang, W. Z. Chen, F. Chen, T. Zhao, H. Y. Peng, S. T. Lee and G. Z. Yang, "Laser molecular beam epitaxy of BaTiO3 and SrTiO3 ultra thin films", J. Crystal Growth 212 (2000) 173-177. 
  304. L. Xu, N. Wang, and S. T. Lee, K.K. Fung, "Electron diffraction study of octagonal-cubic phase transitions in Mn-Si-Al", Phys. Rev. B 62 Issue 5 (2000) 3078-3082.
  305. G.Z. Yang, Z.Y. Li and B.Y. Gu and S.T. Lee, "Theoretical analysis of thin film epitaxial growth monitored by differential reflectance", J. of Appl. Phys. 87 (2000) 739-744.
• Publications in 1999
  306. Y.M. Wang, K.W. Wong, S.T. Lee, M. Nishitani-Gamo, I. Sakaguchi, K.P. Loh, T. Ando, "Surface structure of C(100)-(2x1)H studied by quantitative LEED analysis", Phys. Rev. B 59 (1999) 10347-10350.
  307. K.W. Wong, Y.M. Wang, S.T. Lee, R.W. M. Kwok, "Negative electron affinity on polycrystalline diamond surface induced by lithium fluoride deposition", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 8 (1999) 1885-1890.
  308. R.Q. Zhang, W.J. Zhang, C. Sun, X. Jiang, S. T. Lee, "Theoretical study on misoriented diamond nucleations on Si (001) surface", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 8 (1999) 1418-1422.
  309. K.M. Leung, A.C. Cheung, B.C. Liu, H.K. Woo, C. Sun, X.Q. Shi, S.T. Lee, "Measuring thermal conductivity of CVD diamond and diamond-like films on silicon substrates by holographic interferometry", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 8 (1999) 1607-1610.
  310. H.K. Woo, C.S. Lee, I. Bello, S. T. Lee, "Growth of epitaxial b-SiC films on silicon using solid graphite and silicon sources", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 8 (1999) 1737-1740.
  311. W.C. Chan, M.K. Fung, I. Bello, C.S. Lee, S. T. Lee, "Nitrogenated amorphous carbon films synthesized by electron cyclotron resonance plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition", Dia. & Relat. Mat.8 (1999) 1732-1736.
  312. X.S. Sun, N. Wang, H.K. Woo, W. J. Zhang, G. Yu,  I. Bello, C.S. Lee, S. T. Lee, "The effect of ion bombardment on the nucleation of CVD diamond", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 8 (1999) 1414-1417.
  313. C. Sun, W.J. Zhang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello, S. T. Lee, "Nucleation of diamond films by ECR-enhanced microwave plasma chemical vapour deposition", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 8 (1999) 1410-1413.
  314. K.W. Wong, L.J. Huang, Y. Hung, S.T. Lee and R.W.M. Kwok, "Depletion of surface boron of heavily boron-doped diamond films by annealing", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 8 (1999) 1006-1010.
  315. M.K. Fung, W.C. Chan, Z.Q. Gao, I. Bello, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, "Effect of nitrogen incorporation into diamond-like carbon films by ECR-CVD", Diamond & Related Materials 8 (1999) 472-476.
  316. X.S. Sun, H.K. Woo, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Mechanistic study of ion induced diamond nucleation", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 8 (1999) 48-51.
  317. R.Q. Zhang, K.S. Chan, H.F. Cheung and S.T. Lee, "Energetics of segregation in b-C2BN", Appl. Phys. Lett. 75 No. 15 (1999) 2259-2261.
  318. J.W. Sun, Y.F. Zhang, G.H. Chen, W.M. Liu, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Amorphous CNx films prepared by electrochemical deposition", Materials. Lett. 38 (1999) 98-102.
  319. K.W. Wong, S. T. Lee, Z. D. Lin, Y. W. Lam and R. W. M. Kwok, "Electron affinity and effect of annealing on heavily boron-doped diamond films", Japanese J. of Appl. Phy. Vol 38 No.2A (1999) 791-794.
  320. C. Sun, W.J. Zhang, J. Yang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Nucleation enhancement of diamond via electron cyclotron resonance plasma", Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 38 (1999) L65-67.
  321. K.W. Wong, Y. Wang, S.T. Lee and R.W.M. Kwok, "Lowering of work function induced by deposition of  ultra-thin rubidium fluoride layer on polycrystalline diamond surface", Applied Surface Science 140 (1999) 144-149.
  322. S.T. Lee, Z.D. Lin and X. Jiang, "CVD diamond films: nucleation and growth", Materials Science & Engineering 25  (Aug.1999) 123-154.
  323. W.J. Zhang, C. Sun, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "A new nucleation method by ECR enhanced microwave plasma CVD for deposition of (001)-oriented diamond films", J. Chem. Phys. 110 (1999) 4616-4618.
  324. W.J. Zhang, C. Sun, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Bias-assisted etching of polycrystalline diamond films in hydrogen, oxygen and argon microwave plasma", J. Vac. Sci. Tech. A Vol. 17 No.3 (1999) 763-767.
  325. X. M. He, S.T. Lee, I. Bello, A.C. Cheung, W.Z. Li, D.S. Chiu, Y.W. Lam, C.S. Lee, K.M. Leung and X.T. Zhou, "Characterization and optical investigation of diamond-like  carbon prepared by electron cyclotron resonance plasma", J. Mater. Res. Vol 14 No.4 (1999) 1617-1625.
  326. X.S. Sun, N. Wang, W.J. Zhang, H.K. Woo, X.D. Han, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Synthesis of nanocrystalline diamond by the direct ion beam deposition method", J. Mater. Res. 14 No. 8 (1999) 3204-3206.
  327. X.S. Sun, W.J. Zhang, N. Wang, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Formation of crystalline diamond by ion beam deposition", J. Non-Crystall. Solids No. 254(1999)174-179.
  328. W.C. Chan, M.K. Fung, K.H. Lai, I. Bello, S.T. Lee and C.S. Lee, "Mechanical properties of amorphous carbon nitride films synthesized by electron cyclotron resonance microwave plasma chemical vapour deposition", J. of Non-Crystalline Solids  No. 254 (1999)180-185.
  329. M.K. Fung, W.C. Chan, K.H. Lai, I. Bello, C.S. Lee, N.B. Wong and S.T. Lee, "Deposition of ultra-thin diamond-like carbon protective coating on magnetic disks by electron cyclotron resonance plasma technique", J. of Non-Crystalline Solids No.254 (1999) 167-173.
  330. Y. F. Zhang, Y. H. Tang, C. S. Lee, N. Wang, I. Bello, S. T. Lee,  “Laser ablation behavior of a granulated Si target”, J. Mater. Res. Lett. 18, 123-125 (1999). The nanowires’ images of the paper were featured as the coverpage of J. Mater. Sci. Lett. (1999).
• Publications in 1998
331. X. Jiang, R.Q. Zhang, G. Yu and S.T. Lee, "Local strain in interface: origin of grain tilting in diamond (001)/silicon (001) heteroepitaxy", Phys. Rev. B 58 No.23 (1998) 15351-15354.
332. R.Q. Zhang, E. Bertran and S.T. Lee, "Size-dependence of energy gaps in small carbon clusters: the origin of broadband luminescence", Dia. Relat. Mat. 7 (1998) 1663.
333. H.K. Woo, C. S. Lee, I. Bello, S. T. Lee, K.W. Wong and N.B. Wong, "Oriented diamond growth on silicon (111) using a solid carbon source", J. Appl. Phys. 83 No.8 (1998) 4187-4192.
334. H.K. Woo, C. S. Lee, I. Bello and S. T. Lee, "Epitaxial growth of b-SiC on silicon by bias-assisted hot filament chemical vapor deposition from solid graphite and silicon sources", J. Mater. Res. 13 No.7 (1998) 1738-1740.
335. N. B. Wong, G.Q. Li, S.M. Zhu, S.C. Tjong and S.T. Lee, "Application of ion beam enhanced deposition to metallization of CVD diamond films", Physica Status Solidi A 169 (1998) R5-R6.
336. W.C. Chan, B.Z. Zhou, Y.W. Chung, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Synthesis, composition, surface roughness and mechanical properties of thin nitrogenated carbon films", J. Vac. Sci. & Techno. A16 No.3 Part 2 (1998) 1907.
337. X. S. Miao, Y. C. Chan, X. M. He and S. T. Lee, "Diamond-like carbon protective films for organic photoconductors", J. Electronic Materials Vol 27 No.1 (1998) 41-43.
338. X.M. He, L. Shu, H.B. Li, H.D. Li, S.T. Lee, "Structural characteristics and hardness of zirconium carbide films prepared by tri-ion beam assisted deposition", J. of Vacuum Science & Technology A, Vacuum Surfaces & Films Vol 16 No.4 (1998) 2337-2344.
339. X.M. He, S.T. Lee, Y.C. Chan, L. Shu and X.S. Miao, "Effects of negative rf bias on electrophotographic properties of hard diamond-like carbon films deposited on organic photoconductors",  J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 10 (1998) 7835-7841

• Organic Light Emitting Diodes
  • Publications in 2007
    340. X.J. Zhang, X.H. Zhang, W.S. Shi, X.M. Meng, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Single-crystal organic microtubes with a rectangular cross section”, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 46, 1525 –1528 (2007). (February 2007)
    341. J.S. Wu, W.M. Liu, X.O. Zhuang, F. Wang, P.F. Wang, S.L. Tao, X.H. Zhang, S.K. Wu, S.T. Lee, “Fluorescence Turn On of Coumarin Derivatives by Metal Cations: A New Signaling Mechanism Based on C=N Isomerization”, Org. Lett.; (Letter) 9(1), 33-36 (2007).  (January 2007)
    342. S. L. Lai, M. Y. Chan, M. K. Fung, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, “Efficiency enhancement and voltage reduction in white organic light-emitting devices”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 203510 (2007)  (May 2007)
    343. M. Y. Chan, S. L. Lai, M. K. Fung, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, “Doping-induced efficiency enhancement in organic photovoltaic devices”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 023504 (2007).  (January 2007)
    344. J. X. Tang, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, “Electronic structures of organic/organic heterojunctions: From vacuum level alignment to Fermi level pinning”, J. Appl. Phys. 101, 064504 (2007).   (March 2007)
    345. S. L. Lai, M. Y. Chan, M. K. Fung, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, “Copper hexadecafluoro-phthalocyanine and copper phthalocyanine as a pure organic connecting unit in blue tandem organic light-emitting devices”, J. Appl. Phys. 101, 014509 (2007).  (January 2007)
    346. S.L. Chew, P.F. Wang, Z.R. Hong, H.L. Kwong, J.X. Tang, S.L. Sun, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Photoluminescence and electroluminescence of a novel green-yellow emitting material–5,6-Bis-[4-(naphthalene-1-yl-phenyl-amino)-phenyl]-pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile”, Journal of Luminescence 124, 221-227 (2007).   (June 2007)
    347. W.F. Xie, K.C. Lau, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Transparent organic light-emitting devices with LiF/Yb:Ag cathode”, Thin Solid Films 575, 6975–6977 (2007).   (June 2007)
  • Publications in 2006
    348. M. Y. Chan, S. L. Lai, K. M. Lau, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee,  “Application of metal-doped organic layer both as exciton blocker and optical spacer for organic photovoltaic devices”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 163515 (2006)
    349. C. W. Law, K. M. Lau, M. K. Fung, M. Y. Chan, F. L. Wong, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, “Effective organic-based connection unit for stacked organic light-emitting devices”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 133511 (2006).
    350. J. X. Tang, K. M. Lau, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, “Substrate effects on the electronic properties of an organic/organic heterojunction”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 232103 (2006).
    351. H. Y. Sun, K. M. Lau, K. C. Lau, M. Y. Chan, M. K. Fung, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, “Fluorocarbon film as cathode protective coating in organic light-emitting devices”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 223503 (2006).
    352. S.L. Chew, P.F. Wang, Z.R. Hong, S.L. Tao, J.X. Tang, C.S. Lee, N.B. Wong, H.L. Kwong, S.T. Lee, “High-performance organic red-light-emitting devices based on a greenish-yellow-light-emitting host and long-wavelength emitting dopant” Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 183504 (2006).
    353. K. M. Lau, J. X. Tang, H. Y. Sun, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, D.H. Yan, “Interfacial electronic structure of copper phthalocyanine and copper hexadecafluorophthalocyanine studied by photoemission”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 173513 (2006).
    354. S.L. Chew, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, P.F. Wang, J. He, W. Li, J. Pan, X.H. Zhang, H.L. Kwong, “Photoluminescence and electroluminescence of a new blue-emitting homoleptic iridium complex”,  Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 093510 (2006).  (March 2006).
    355. K. C. Lau, W. F. Xie, H. Y. Sun, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, “Contrast improvement of organic light-emitting devices with Sm:Ag cathode”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 083507 (2006). (February 2006).
    356. W. F. Xie, S. L. Chew, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, P. F. Wang, H. L. Kwong, “High-efficiency white organic light-emitting devices using a blue iridium complex to sensitize a red fluorescent dye”, J.  Appl. Phys. 100, 096114 (2006).
    357. M. Y. Chan, C. S. Lee, S. L. Lai, M. K. Fung, F. L. Wong, H. Y. Sun, K. M. Lau, S. T. Lee, “Efficient organic photovoltaic devices using a combination of exciton blocking layer and anodic buffer layer”, J. Appl. Phys. 100, 094506 (2006).
    358. S.L. Chew, P.F. Wang, O.Y. Wong, Z.R. Hong, M.X. He, R.Q. Zhang, H.L. Kwong, J.X. Tang, S.L. Sun, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Photoluminescence and electroluminescence of 3-methyl-8-dimethylaminophenazine”, Synthetic Metals 156, 185-189 (2006). February 2006
    359. F.L. Wong, H.Y. Sun, S.W. Tong, M.Y. Chan, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, “Performance enhancement of organic light-emitting diode by heat treatment”, J. of Crystal Growth 288, 110-114 (2006). February 2006
    360. J.X. Tang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, “Chemical bonding and electronic structures at magnesium/copper phthalocyanine interfaces”, Applied Surface Science 252, 3948-3952 (2006). (March 2006).
    361. S.W. Tong, K.M. Lau, H.Y. Sun, M.K. Fung, C.S. Lee, Y. Lifshitz and S.T. Lee, “Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy investigation of interface formation in an indium–tin oxide/fluorocarbon/organic semiconductor contact”, Applied Surface Science 252, 3806-3811 (2006).  (March 2006).
    362. W.F. Xie, H.Y. Sun, C.W. Law, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, S.Y. Liu, “High-contrast and high-efficiency top-emitting organic light-emitting devices”, Applied Physics A 85, 95-97 (2006).
    363. F.X. Zang, O. Lengyel, W.L. Li, Z.R. Hong, Z. Liu, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Electron mobility of rare earth complexes measured by transient electroluminescence method”, Solid-State Electronics 50, 1584-1587  (2006).  (September-October 2006)
    364. B. Chu, W.L. Li, Z.R. Hong, F.X. Zang, H.Z. Wei, D.Y. Wang, M.T. Li, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Observation of near infrared and enhanced visible emissions from electroluminescent devices with organo samarium(III) complex”, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 39, 4549–4552 (2006).  (November 2006)
  • Publications in 2005
    365. S. L. Tao, Z. K. Peng, X. H. Zhang, P. F. Wang, C.-S. Lee, S.-T. Lee, “Highly efficient non-doped blue organic light-emitting diodes based on fluorene derivatives with high thermal stability”, Adv. Funct. Mater. 15, 1716-1721 (2005). (October, 2005)
    366. J.X. Tang, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Electronegativity model for barrier formation at metal/organic interfaces”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 252110 (2005). (December 2005).
    367. J.Y. Li, D. Liu, Y.Q. Li, C.S. Lee, H.L. Kwong, S.T. Lee, “A high Tg carbazole-based hole-transporting material for organic light-emitting devices”, Chem. Mater. 17, 1208-1212 (2005).   (February 2005)
    368. J.Y. Li, C.W. Ma, J.X. Tang, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Novel starburst molecule as a hole injecting and transporting material for organic light-emitting devices”, Chem. Mater. 17, 615-619 (2005).  (January 2005)
    369. S.D. Wang, X. Dong, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Molecular orientation and film morphology of pentacene on native silicon oxide surface”, J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 9892-9896 (2005). (May 2005)
    370. J.R. Gong, L.J. Wan, S.B. Lei, C.L. Bai, X.H. Zhang, S.T. Lee, “Direct evidence of molecular aggregation and degradation mechanism of organic light-emitting diodes under joule heating: an STM and photoluminescence study”, J Phys. Chem. B 109, 1675-1682 (2005).  
    371. S.L. Sun, C.S. Lin, R.Q. Zhang, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Calcium/poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) interaction: A theoretical study”, J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 12868-12873 (2005).  (July 2005).
    372. J.Y. Li, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Efficient UV-sensitive organic photovoltaic devices using a starburst amine as electron donor”, J. Mater. Chem. 15, 3268-3271 (2005).
    373. B. Chu, W.L. Li, H.Z. Wei, D.Y. Wang, M.T. Li, Z.Q. Zhang, Z.Z. Hu, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Photovoltaic effects of diodes containing lanthanide complexes”,  J Alloys & Compounds 389, 252-255 (2005).  (March 2005)
    374. S. Garon, E.K.C. Lau, S.L. Chew, S.T. Lee, and M.E. Thompson, “Metal (IV) tetras (8-hydroxyquinoline) (M = Zr, Hf) used as electroluminescent material and electron-transport layer in OLEDs”,  J. Soc. Inf. Display 13, 405 (2005).  
    1. Publications in 2004
       375. W. Lu, B.X. Mi, M.C.W. Chan, Z. Hui, C.M. Che, N.Y. Zhu, S.T. Lee, “Light-emitting tridentate cyclometalated platinum(II) complexes containing sigma-alkynyl auxiliaries: Tuning of photo- and electrophosphorescence”, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126,  4958-4971. (April 2004)
       376. J. Y. Li, D. Liu, C. W. Ma, O. Lengyel, C.-S. Lee, C.-H. Tung, S. T. Lee, “White-light emission from a single-emitting-component organic electroluminescent device”, Adv. Mater. 16, 1538-1541 (2004).  (September, 2004)
       377. L.L. Zhou, H. Sun, H.P. Li, H. Wang, X.H. Zhang, S.K. Wu, S.T. Lee, “A novel colorimetric and fluorescent anion chemosensor based on the flavone quasi-crown ether-metal complex”, Org. Lett. 6, 1071-1074. (April 2004)
       378. S.W. Tong, C.S. Lee, Y. Lifshitz, D.Q. Gao, and S.T. Lee, “Conducting fluorocarbon coatings for organic light-emitting diodes”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 4032-4034 (2004).  (May 2004)
       379. S.D. Wang, X. Dong, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Orderly growth of copper phthalocyanine on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) at high substrate temperatures”, J. Phys. Chem. B. 108, 1529-1532 (2004).
       380. D.Q. Gao, M.Y. Chan, S.W. Tong, F.L. Wong, S.L. Lai, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, “Application of an evaporable fluoro-molecule as an anode buffer layer in organic electroluminescent devices”,  Chem. Phys. Lett. 399, 337-341 (2004). (December 2004) 
       381. C.W. Ma, O. Lengyel, J. Kovac, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, “Time-resolved transient electroluminescence measurements of emission from DCM-doped Alq3 layers”,   Chem. Phys. Lett. 397, 87-90 (2004). (October 2004) 
       382. S.L. Tao, Z.R. Hong, Z.K. Peng, W.G. Ju, X.H. Zhang, P.F. Wang, S.K. Wu, S.T. Lee, “Anthracene derivative for a non-doped blue-emitting organic electroluminescence device with both excellent color purity and high efficiency”   Chem. Phys. Lett. 397, 1-4 (2004). (October 2004) 
       383. J.X. Tang, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee and Y.B. Xu, “Electronegativity and charge-injection barrier at organic/metal interfaces”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 396, 92-96 (2004). (September 2004).
       384. M.K. Fung, S.L. Lai, S.W. Tong, S.N. Bao, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Interface gap states of 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum induced by cesium metal”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 392, 40–43 (2004).  (July 2004)
       385. M.Y. Chan, S.L. Lai, M.K. Fung, C.S. Lee, and S.T. Lee, “Impact of the metal cathode and CsF buffer layer on the performance of organic light-emitting devices”, J. Appl. Phys. 95, 5397-5402 (2004). (May 2004)
       386. F.L. Wong, M.K. Fung, X. Jiang, C.S Lee and S.T. Lee, “Non-reflective black cathode in organic light-emitting diode”, Thin Solid Films 446, 143-146 (2004).  (January 2004)
       387. J.Y. Li, Z.R. Hong, P.F. Wang, C.S. Lee, N.B. Wong, H.L. Kwong and S.T. Lee, “Enhancement of green electroluminescence from 2,5-di-p-anisyl-isobenzofuran by double-layer doping strategy”, Thin Solid Films 446, 111-116 (2004). (January 2004)
       388. F.L. Wong, M.K. Fung, S.W. Tong, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Flexible organic light-emitting device based on magnetron sputtered indium-tin-oxide on plastic substrate”, Thin Solid Films 466, 225-230 (2004).  (November 2004).
       389. J. X. Tang, Y. Q. Li, X. Dong, S. D. Wang, C. S. Lee, L. S. Hung and S. T. Lee, “Photoemission and vibrational studies of metal/organic interfaces modified by plasma-polymerized fluorocarbon films”, Applied Surface Science 239, 117-124 (2004).  (December 2004)
    2. Publications in 2003
       390. X. Jiang, F. L. Wong, M. K. Fung, and S. T. Lee, “Aluminum-doped zinc oxide films as transparent conductive electrode for organic light-emitting devices”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 1875-1877 (2003).
       391. J. Jakabovi, O. Lengyel, J. Ková, T. C. Wong, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, “Properties of 4-dicyanomethylene-2-methyl-6-(p-dimethyl-aminostyryl)-4H-pyran-doped Alq layers as optically pumped lasers”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 1295-1297 (2003).
       392. C. O. Poon, F. L. Wong, S. W. Tong, R. Q. Zhang, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, “Improved performance and stability of organic light-emitting devices with silicon oxy-nitride buffer layer”, Appl. Phys. Letts. 83, 1038-1040 (2003). (Aug 2003)
       393. F. Li, M. Zhang, J. Feng, G. Cheng, Z.J. Wu, Y.G. Ma, S.Y. Liu, J.C. Sheng, and S. T. Lee, “Red electrophosphorescence devices based on rhenium complexes”, Appl. Phys. Letts. 83, 365-367 (2003). (July 2003)
       394. G. Cheng, F. Li, Y. Duan, J. Feng, S.Y. Liu, S. Qiu, D. Lin, Y.G. Ma, and S. T. Lee, “White organic light-emitting devices using a phosphorescent sensitizer”, Appl. Phys. Letts. 82, 4224-4226 (2003). (June 2003)
       395. P. He, S. D. Wang, S. T. Lee, and L. S. Hung, “Vibrational study of tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum/LiF/Al interfaces” Appl. Phys. Letts. 82, 3218-3220 (2003). (May 2003).
       396. Z. R. Hong, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, W. L. Li, and S. Y. Liu, “Efficient red electroluminescence from organic devices using dye-doped rare earth complexes”, Appl. Phys. Letts. 82, 2218-2220 (2003). (April 2003)
       397. M. Y. Chan, S. L. Lai, M. K. Fung, S. W. Tong, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, “Efficient CsF/Yb/Ag cathodes for organic light-emitting devices” Appl. Phys. Letts. 82, 1784-1786 (2003). (March 2003)
       398. D.G. Ma, G.A Wang, Y.F. Hu, Y.G. Zhang, L.X. Wang, X.B. Jing, F.S. Wang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, “A dinuclear aluminum 8-hydroxyquinoline complex with high electron mobility for organic light-emitting diodes”, Appl. Phys. Letts. 82, 1296-1298 (2003). (February 2003)
       399. P.F. Wang, Z.Y. Xie, S.W. Tong, O.Y. Wong, C.S. Lee, N.B. Wong, L.S. Hung, S.T. Lee, “A novel neutral red derivative for applications in high-performance red-emitting electroluminescent devices”,Chem. Mater. 15, 1913-1917 (2003). (May 2003)
       400. J.Y. Li, D. Liu, Z.R. Hong, S.W. Tong, P.F. Wang, C.W. Ma, O. Lengyel, C.S. Lee, H.L. Kwong, S.T. Lee, “A new family of isophorone-based dopants for red organic electroluminescent devices” , Chem. Mater. 15, 1486-1490 (2003). (March 2003)
       401. P.F. Wang, Z.Y. Xie, Z.R. Hong, J.X. Tang, O.Y. Wong, C.S. Lee, N.B. Wong, S.T. Lee, “Synthesis, photoluminescence and electroluminescence of new 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinoxaline derivatives”, J. Mater. Chem. 13, 1894–1899(2003) (July 2003)
       402. P.F. Wang, Z.R. Hon, Z.Y. Xie, S.W. Tong, O.Y. Wong, C.S. Lee, N.B. Wong, L.S. Hung and S.T. Lee, “A bis-salicylaldiminato Schiff base and its zinc complex as new highly fluorescent red dopants for high performance organic electroluminescence devices”, Chem. Comm. 14, 1664-1665 (2003)
       403. M. K. Fung, S. L. Lai, S. W. Tong, S. N. Bao, C. S. Lee, W. W. Wu, M. Inbasekaran, J. J. O'Brien, and S. T. Lee, “ Distinct interfaces of poly (9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-benzothiadiazole) with cesium and calcium as observed by photoemission spectroscopy“, J. Appl. Phys. 94, 5763-5770 (2003). (November 2003)
       404. S. L. Lai, M. Y. Chan, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, “Investigation of calcium as high performance cathode in small-molecule based organic light-emitting devices”, J. Appl. Phys. 94, 7297-7299 (2003).
       405. M. K. Fung, S. W. Tong, S. L. Lai, S. N. Bao, C. S. Lee, W. W. Wu, M. Inbasekaran, J. J. O'Brien, S. Y. Liu, and S. T. Lee, “Role of ytterbium and ytterbium/cesium fluoride on the chemistry of poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-benzothiadiazole) as investigated by photoemission spectroscopy”,  J. Appl. Phys. 94, 2686-2694 (2003).
       406. S.D. Wang, M.K. Fung, S.L. Lai, S.W. Tong, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, H.J. Zhang, and S.N. Bao, “Experimental study of a chemical reaction between LiF and Al”, J. Appl. Phys. 94, 169-173 (2003).  (July 2003)
       407. X. H. Zhang, Z. Y. Xie, F. P. Wu, L. L. Zhou, O. Y. Wong, C. S. Lee, H. L. Kwong, S. T. Lee and S. K. Wu, “Red electroluminescence and photoluminescence properties of new porphyrin compounds”, Chem. Phys. Letts. 382, 561-566 (2003). (December 2003).
       408. M. Y. Chan, S. L. Lai, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “Efficiency and stability enhancement in organic light-emitting devices with CsF/Mg:Ag cathode”, Chem. Phys. Letts. 380, 298-303 (2003). (October 2003).
       409. J. X. Tang, S. W. Tong, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee and P. M. He, “Photoemission study of interface formation between ytterbium and tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum”, Chem. Phys. Letts. 380, 63 –69 (2003).  (October 2003)
       410. M.Y. Chan, S.L. Lai, M.K. Fung, C.S. Lee, S.T.Lee, “Highly efficient and substrate independent CsF/Yb/Ag cathodes for organic light-emitting devices”, Chem. Phys. Letts. 374, 215 –221 (2003).  (June 2003)
       411. H. J. Zhang, S. N. Bao, P. He, S. D. Wang, M. K. Fung, R. Q. Zhang, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “HREELS study on the interaction of MgF2 with tris(8-hydroxy-quinoline)aluminum”, Chem. Phys. Letts. 374, 119 –124 (2003). (June 2003)
       412. M. Y. Chan, S. L. Lai, F. L. Wong, O. Lengyel, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “Efficiency enhancement and retarded dark-spots growth of organic light-emitting devices by high-temperature processing”, Chem. Phys. Letts. 371, 700-706 (2003). (April 2003)
       413. P. He, S. D. Wang, W. K. Wong, L. F. Cheng, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee and S. Y. Liu, “Vibrational analysis of oxygen-plasma treated indium tin oxide”, Chem. Phys. Letts. 370, 795 –798 (2003). (March 2003)
       414. X. H. Sun, L. F. Cheng, M. W. Liu, L. S. Liao, N. B. Wong, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “Photoelectron spectroscopic study of iodine- and bromine-treated indium tin oxides and their interfaces with organic films”, Chem. Phys. Letts. 370, 425 –430 (2003). (March 2003)
       415. X. H. Zhang, M. W. Liu, O. Y. Wong, C. S. Lee, H. L. Kwong, S. T. Lee and S. K. Wu, “Blue and white organic electroluminescent devices based on 9,10-bis(2'-naphthyl)anthracene”, Chem. Phys. Letts. 369, 478-482 (2003). (February 2003)
       416. S. L. Lai, M. K. Fung, S. N. Bao, S. W. Tong, M. Y. Chan, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “Interfaces between 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum and cesium as affected by their deposition sequences”, Chem. Phys. Letts. 367, 753-758 (2003). (January 2003)
       417. S. W. Tong, M. K. Fung, C. S. Lee, Y. Lifshitz, S. T. Lee and A. Hoffman, “Argon ion stimulated conversion between CFx (x = 0–3) chemical states and fluorine depletion in fluorocarbon films studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy”, Appl. Surf. Sci. 220, 19-25 (2003).  (December 2003)
       418. Z. R. Hong, O. Lengyel, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “A mechanistic study of exciplex formation and efficient red light-emitting devices based on rare earth complexes”, Organic Electronics 4, 149-154. (September 2003)
       419. F. Li, J.L. Lin, J. Feng, G. Cheng, H.Y. Liu, S.Y.Liu, L.G. Zhang, X.F. Zhang, S.T. Lee, “Electrical and optical characteristics of red organic light-emitting diodes doped with two guest dyes”, Synthetic Metals 139, 341-346 (2003). (September 2003)
       420. S.J. Wang, S.C. Tjong, Y.Z. Meng, M.K. Fung, S.T. Lee, Allan S.Hay, “Synthesis and photoluminescent properties of poly(arylether)s containing alternate emitting and electron-transporting moieties”, J Appl. Polymer Sci. 89, 1645 –1651 (2003).
       421. H.J. Zhang, S.N. Bao, P.M. He, S.D. Wang, M.K. Fung, R.Q. Zhang, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “High-resolution electron-energy-loss spectroscopy study on the reaction of MgF2 with Alq(3) (8-hydroxy-quinoline) aluminum”, Acta Physica Sinica 52, 2337-2341 (2003).  (September 2003)
    3. Publications in 2002
       422. Y.Q. Li, M.K. Fung, Z. Xie, S.-T. Lee, L.-S. Hung, J. Shi, “An efficient pure blue organic light-emitting device with low driving voltages”, Adv. Mater. 14, 1317-1321(2002). (September 2002)
       423. Z. R. Hong, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, W. L. Li, and Y. Shirota, “Bifunctional photovoltaic and electroluminescent devices using a starburst amine as an electron donor and hole-transporting material”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 2878 (2002). (October 2002)
       424. M. K. Fung, S. L. Lai, S. W. Tong, M. Y. Chan, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, W. W. Wu, M. Inbasekaran, and J. J. O'Brien, “Anode modification of polyfluorene-based polymer light-emitting devices”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 1497 (2002). (August 2002)
       425. D.G. Ma, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, and L. S. Hung, “Improved efficiency by a graded emissive region in organic light-emitting diodes”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 3641-3643 (2002).
       426. Z.Y. Xie, T.C. Wong, L.S. Hung, S.T. Lee, "Transient electroluminescence of organic quantum-well light emitting diodes", Appl. Phys. Lett.  80, 1477-1479 (2002). (February 2002)
       427. P. F. Wang, Z.Y.  Xie, O.Y. Wong, C. S. Lee, N. B. Wong, L.S.  Hung and S. T. Lee, “New 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinoxaline derivatives as sharp green-emitting dopants for highly efficient electroluminescent devices”, Chem. Commun. 13, 1404 to 1405 (2002).  (May 2002)
       428. W. Lu, B.X. Mi, M.C.W. Chan, Z. Hui, N.Y. Zhu, S.T. Lee and C.M. Che, “[((CNN)-N-boolean AND-N-boolean AND) Pt(C C)(n)R] ((HCNN)-N-boolean AND-N-boolean AND=6-aryl-2,2 '-bipyridine, n=1-4, R = aryl, SiMe3) as a new class of light-emitting materials and their applications in electrophosphorescent devices”, Chem. Comm. 3, 206-207 (2002)
       429. M.K. Fung, S.L. Lai, S.N. Bao, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, W.W. Wu, M. Inbasekaran and J. J. O’Brien, “The interface between poly (9,9-dioctylfluorene) and alkali metals: cesium, potassium, sodium and lithium”, J. Vacuum Sci. & Technol. 20, 911-918 (2002). (May/June 2002)
       430. R.Q. Zhang, W.C. Lu, C.S. Lee, L.S. Hung and S.T. Lee, “Metal/Alq3 interactions in organic light emitting devices:  The different roles of Mg, Al and Li atoms”,J. Chem. Phys. 116, 8827 (2002). (May 2002)
       431. B.X. Mi, Z.Q. Gao, M.W. Liu, K.Y. Chan, H.L. Kwong, N.B. Wong, C.S. Lee, L.S. Hung, and S.T. Lee, “New polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon dopants for red organic electroluminescent devices”,  J Mater. Chem. 12, 1307-1310 (2002). (April 2002)
       432. S. L. Lai, M. Y. Chan, M. K. Fung, C. S. Lee, L. S. Hung and S. T. Lee, “Applications of Ytterbium in organic light-emitting devices as high performance and transparent electrodes”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 366, 128-133 (2002). (November 2002)
       433. D.G. Ma, F.S. Liang, L.X. Wang, S. T. Lee and L. S. Hung, “Erratum to: "Blue organic light-emiting devices with an oxidiazole-containing emitting layer exhibiting excited state intramolecular proton transfer"”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 364, 643-28 (2002). (September 2002)
       434. D.G. Ma, F.S. Liang, L.X. Wang, S. T. Lee and L. S. Hung, “Blue organic light-emitting devices with an oxadiazole-containing emitting layer exhibiting excited state intramolecular proton transfer”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 358, 24-28 (2002). (24 May 2002)
       435. L.S. Liao, L.F. Cheng, X.H. Sun, N.B. Wong, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Substrate dependence of thermal effect on organic light-emitting”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 356, 194-200 (2002). (April 2002)
       436. M. K. Fung, S. L. Lai, S. N. Bao, C. S. Lee, J. J. O'Briein, M. Inbasekaran, W. W. Wu and S. T. Lee, “Photoelectron spectroscopic studies of poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene)¯potassium interface, and its influence by oxygen”, Synthetic Metals 128, 97-101 (2002). (10 April 2002)
       437. I. Bugar, J. Kovac , O. Lengyel , and S. T. Lee, “Time-resolved fluorescence study of organics for light emitting and laser devices” Laser Phys. 12, 273-277 (2001).  (February 2002)
       438. T. Feng, X. Wang, F. M. Zhang, S. C. Zou, W. D. Huang, X. H. Wang, L. Luo, L. Q. Xu, F. Stubhan and S. T. Lee, “Silicon Nitride Thin Films Packaging for Flexible Organic Light Emitting Devices”, Journal of Modern Physics B 16, 1052-1056 (2002).
    4. Publications in 2001
       439. Z. R. Hong, C. J. Liang, R. G. Li, W. L. Li, D. Zhao, D. Fan, D. Y. Wang, B. Chu, F. X. Zang, L.-S. Hung, S.T. Lee, "Rare Earth Complex as a High-Efficiency Emitter in an Electroluminescent Device", Adv. Mater. 13 (2001) 1241-1245.
       440. P.S. Kim, T.K. Sham, P. Zhang, M.K. Fung, S.T. Lee, Y.F. Hu, B. W. Yates, " X-ray excited optical luminescence studies of tris-(2,2 '-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) at the C,N K-edge and Ru L-3,(2)-edge", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 123 (2001) 8870-8871.
       441. S. J. Naftel, P. Zhang, P.S. Kim, T. K. Sham, I. Coulthard, W. J. Antel, Jr., J. W. Freeland, S. P. Frigo, M.K. Fung, S. T. Lee, Y. F. Hu and B. W. Yates, "Soft x-ray-excited luminescence and optical x-ray absorption fine structures of tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum", Appl. Phys. Letts. 78 (2001) 1847-1849.
       442. Z.Y. Xie, L.S. Hung, and S.T. Lee, "High efficient red electroluminescence from a narrow recombination zone confined by an organic double-heterostructure", Appl. Phys. Lett 79 (2001) 1048-1050.
       443. P. He, W.K. Wong, S.D. Wang, L.F. Cheng, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Vibrational and photoemission study of the interface between phenyldiamine and indium tin oxide", Appl. Phys. Lett 79 (2001) 1561-1563.
       444. Z.R. Hong, C.J. Liang, R.G. Li, F.X. Zang, D. Fan, W.L. Li, L.S. Hung and S.T. Lee, " Infrared and visible emission from organic electroluminescent devices based on praseodymium complex", Appl. Phys. Lett 79 (2001) 1942-1944.
       445. C.M. Che, C.W. Wan, W.Z. Lin, W.Y. Yu, Z.Y. Zhou, W.Y. Lai, S.T. Lee, " Highly luminous substituted bipyrroles", Chem. Commun. 8 (2001) 721-722.
       446. X.Q. Lin, B.J. Chen, X.H. Zhang, C.S. Lee, H.L. Kwong, S.T. Lee, “ A Novel Yellow Fluorescent Dopant for High-Performance Organic Electroluminescent Devices ”, Chem. Mater. 13 (2001) 456-458.
       447. X.H. Zhang, B.J. Chen, X.Q. Lin, O.Y. Wong, C.S. Lee, H.L. Kwong, S.T. Lee, S.K. Wu, "A new family of red dopants based on chromene-containing compounds for organic electroluminescent devices", Chem. Mater. 13 (2001) 1565-1569.
       448. B. X. Mi, Z. Q. Gao, C. S. Lee, H. L. Kwong, N. B. Wang, S. T. Lee, " Efficient green electroluminescence of pure chromaticity from a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon", J. Mater. Chem. 11 (2001) 2244-2247.
       449. L.S. Liao, X.H. Sun, L.F. Cheng, N.B. Wong, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, "Ambient effect on the electronic structures of tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum films investigated by photoelectron spectroscopy",  Chem. Phys. Lett.333 (2001) 212-216.
       450. M.K. Fung, Z.Q. Gao, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, "Inhibition of dark spots growth in organic electroluminescent devices," Chem. Phys. Lett. 333 (2001) 432-436.
       451. T.C. Wong, J. Kovac, C.S. Lee, L.S. Hung, S.T. Lee, "Transient electroluminescence measurements on electron-mobility of N-arylbenzimidazoles, " Chem. Phys. Lett.334 (2001) 61-64.
       452. M.G. Mason, C.W. Tang, L.S. Hung, P. Raychaudhuri, J. Madathil, D.J. Giesen, L. Yan, Q.T. Le, Y. Gao, S.T. Lee, L.S. Liao, L.F. Cheng, W. R. Salaneck, D.A. dos Santos, J.L. Bredas, “ Interfacial chemistry of Alq3 and LiF with reactive metals ”, J. Appl. Phys.89 (2001) 2756-2765.
       453. B.J. Chen, X.Q. Lin, Y.K. Li, L.F. Cheng, C.S. Lee, W.A. Gambling and S.T. Lee, “ Improvement of efficiency and color purity of red-dopant organic light emitting diodes by energy levels matching with host materials ”, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 34 (2001) 30-35.
       454. C.J. Liang, T.C. Wong, L.S. Hung, S.T. Lee, Z.R. Hong, W.L.  Li, "Self-quenching of excited europium ions in Eu(DBM)(3)bath-based organic electroluminescent devices", J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 34 (2001) L61-L64.
       455. M.W. Liu, X.H. Zhang, W.Y. Lai, X.Q. Lin, F.L. Wong, Z.Q. Gao, C.S. Lee, L.S. Hung, S.T. Lee, H.L. Kwong, "A new series of blue emitting pyrazine derivatives for organic electroluminescent devices", Phys. Status Solidi (a) 185 (2001) 203-211.
       456. B.J. Chen, X.H. Zhang, X.Q. Lin, H.L. Kwong, N.B. Wong, C.S. Lee, W.A. Gambling and S.T. Lee, “ Improved color purity efficiency of blue organic light-emitting diodes via suppression of exciplex formation ”, Synthetic Metals 118 (2001) 193-196.
       457. L.S. Hung, S.T. Lee, "Electrode modification and interface engineering in organic light- emitting diodes", Mat. Sci. Eng. B 85 (2001) 104-108.
       458. J. Kovac , T.C. Wong, M.K. Fung, M.W. Liu, V. Kremnican, I. Bello, S.T. Lee, "Transient electroluminescence of single and multilayer organic light emitting devices", Mat. Sci. Eng. B 85 (2001) 172-176.
       459. X.H. Zhang , O.Y. Wong, Z.Q. Gao, C.S. Lee, H.L. Kwong, S.T. Lee, S.K. Wu, "A new blue-emitting benzothiazole derivative for organic electroluminescent devices", Mat. Sci. Eng. B 85 (2001) 182-185
    5. Publications in 2000
       460. L. S. Liao, L. F. Cheng, M. K. Fung, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, M. Inbasekaran, E. P. Woo, and W. W. Wu, " Oxygen effect on the interface formation between calcium and a polyfluorene film", Phys. Rev. B 62 Issue 15 (2000) 10004-10007.
       461. X. M. Ding, L. M. Hung, L. F. Cheng, Z. B. Deng, X. Y. Hou, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee " Modification of the hole injection barrier in organic light-emitting devices studied by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy" Appl. Phys. Lett.76 No.19 (2000) 2704-2706.
       462. C.J. Liang, D. Zhao, Z.R. Hong, D.X. Zhao, X.Y. Liu, W.L. Li, J.B. Peng, J.Q. Yu, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Improved performance of electroluminescent devices based on an europium complex", Appl. Phys. Lett.76 No.1 (2000) 67-69.
       463. P. He, Frederick C. K. Au, Y. M. Wang, L. F. Cheng, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee "Direct evidence for interaction of magnesium with tris  8-hydroxy-quinoline aluminum" Appl. Phys. Lett.76 No.11 (2000) 1422-1424.
       464. L.S. Liao, M.K. Fung, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, M. Inbasekaran, E.P. Woo and W.W. Wu, "Electronic Structure and Energy Bandgap of Poly(9, 9-Dioctylfluroene) Investigated by Photoelectron Spectroscopy ", Appl. Phys. Lett. 76 No. 24 (2000) 3582-3584.
       465. Z.Q. Gao, w.Y. Lai, T.C. Wong, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, " Response to Comment on Organic electroluminescent devices by high-temperature processing and crystalline hole transporting layer", App. Phys. Letts. 77 No. 19  (2000) 3115.
       466. L. S. Liao, M. K. Fung, L. F. Cheng, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, M. Inbasekaran, E. P. Woo, and W. W. Wu, "Improvement of interface formation between metal electrode and polymer film by polymer surface modification using ion sputtering", Appl. Phys. Lett.77 No.20 (2000) 3191-3193. 
       467. L.F. Cheng, L.S. Liao, W.Y. Lai, X.H. Sun, N.B. Wong, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, "Effect of deposition rate on the morphology, chemistry and electroluminescence of tris-(8-hydroxyqiunoline) aluminum films", Chem. Phys. Lett. 319 (2000) 418-422.
       468. X.H. Zhang, W.Y. Lai , Z.Q. Gao, T.C. Wong, C.S. Lee, H.L. Kwong , S.T. Lee, S.K. Wu, "Photoluminescence and electroluminescence of pyrazoline monomers and dimmers" Chem. Phys. Lett. 320 (2000) 77-80.
       469. L.S. Liao, L.F. Cheng, M.K. Fung, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, M. Inbasekaran, E.P. Woo, W.W. Wu, "Interface formation between poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) and Ca electrode investigated using photoelectron spectroscopy", Chem. Phys. Lett. 325 (2000) 405-410.
       470. R.Q. Zhang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Effect of charging on electronic structure of the Alq3 molecule: the identification of carrier transport properties", Chem. Phys. Lett. 326 (2000) 413-420.
       471. L.S. Liao, J. He, X. Zhou, M. Lu, Z.H. Xiong, Z.B. Deng, X.Y. Hou, S. T. Lee, "Bubble formation in organic light -emitting diodes", J. Appl. Phys. Vol 88 No. 5 (2000) 2386-2390.
       472. B. J. Chen, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, Patrick Webb, Y. C. Chan , W. A. Gambling, H. Tian and W. H. Zhu  "Improved Time-of-Flight Technique for Measuring Carrier Mobility in Thin Films of Organic Electroluminescent Materials"  Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 39(2000) 1190-1192.
       473. X. Zhou, J. He, L.S. Liao, M. Lu, X.M. Ding, X.Y. Hou and S.T. Lee, "Real time observation of temperature rise and thermal breakdown process in organic light-emitting diodes using infrared imaging and analysis system", Advanced Materials 12(2000) 265-269.
       474. Z.Q. Gao, C.S. Lee, I.Bello, S.T. Lee, "White light electroluminescence from a hole-transporting layer of mixed organic materials", Syn. Metal  111-112 (2000) 39-42.
       475. W.L. Li, Z.Q. Gao, Z.Y. Hong, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Blue electroluminescent devices made from a naphthyl-substituted benzidine derivative and rare earth metal chelates", Syn. Metal  111-112 (2000) 53-56.
       476. X.H. Zhang, W.Y. Lai, T.C. Wong, Z.Q. Gao, Y.C. Jiang, S.K. Wu, H.L. Kwong, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "The effect of functional group substitution on the photoluminescence and electroluminescence of pyrazoline derivatives", Syn. Metal  114 (2000) 115-117.
       477. C. J. Liang, Z. R. Hong, X. Y. Liu, D. X. Zhao, D. Zhao, W. L. Li, J. B. Peng, J. Q. Yu, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, " Organic electroluminescent devices using europium complex as an electron-transport emitting layer", Thin Solid Films. 359 (2000) 14-16.
       478. B.J. Chen, Y.Q. Liu, C.S. Lee, G. Yu, S.T. Lee, H.Y. Li, W.A. Gambling, D.B. Zhu, H. Tian, W.H. Zhu, "Carrier transport and high-efficiency electroluminescence properties of copolymer thin films", Thin Solid Films. 363 (2000) 173-177.
       479. K. L. Wang, B. Lai, M. Lu, X. Zhou, L. S. Liao, X. M. Ding, X. Y. Hou and S. T. Lee, " Electronic structure and energy level alignment of Alq3/Al2O3/Al and Alq3/Al interfaces studied by ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy", Thin Solid Films. 363 (2000) 178-181.
       480. S. M. Wang, X. Y. Liu, L. J. Wang, W. L. Li and S. T. Lee, " Temporal behaviors of the amplified spontaneous emission and the lasing from a copolymer", Thin Solid Films. 363 (2000) 182-184.
       481. S. M. Wang, X. Y. Liu, W. L. Li, L. J. Wang and S. T. Lee, " Spectral broadening properties of amplified spontaneous emission from a copolymer", Thin Solid Films. 363 (2000) 185-187.
       482. X. Y. Liu, L. X. Wang, Y. Liu, S. L. E, J. M. Zhao, D. J. Wu, Y. Q. Ning, S. L. Wu, L. J. Wang, C. J. Liang, D. X. Zhao, Z. R. Hong, D. Zhao, C. Q. Jin, X. B. Jing, F. S. Wang, W. L. Li and S. T. Lee " Spontaneous emission properties of organic film in plane optical microcavity", Thin Solid Films. 363 (2000) 204-207.
       483. D.X. Zhao, Z. Hong, C.J. Liang, D. Zhao, X.Y. Liu, W.L. Li, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, " Enhanced electroluminescence of europium(III) complex by terbium(III) substitution in organic light emitting diodes", Thin Solid Films. 363 (2000) 208-210.
       484. J. He, M. Lu, X. Zhou, J. R. Cao, K. L. Wang, L. S. Liao, Z. B. Deng, X. M. Ding, X. Y. Hou and S. T. Lee, " Damage study of ITO under high electric field", Thin Solid Films. 363 (2000) 240-243.
       485. X. H. Zhang, S. K. Wu, Z. Q. Gao, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee and H. -L. Kwong, " Pyrazoline derivatives for blue color emitter in organic electroluminescent devices", Thin Solid Films. 371 (2000) 40-46.
       486. R. Q. Zhang, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, "The electronic structures and properties of Alq3 and NPB molecules in organic light emitting devices: Decompositions of density of states"," J. Chem. Phys 112, No. 19 (2000) 8614-8620.
       487. L.F. Cheng, L.M. Hung, X.M. Ding, Z.Q. Gao, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Photoemission study of a new electroluminescent material: trimer of N-arylbenzimidazoles (TPBI)", Displays 21 (2000) 51-54.
       488. Z.B. Deng, X.M. Ding, L.S. Liao, X.Y. Hou, S.T. Lee, "The interface analyses of inorganic layer for organic electroluminescent devices", Displays 21 (2000) 79-82.
       489. H. Tian, J.H. Su, K.C. Chen, T. C. Wong, Z. Q. Gao, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, " Electroluminescent property and charge separation state of bis-naphthalimides", Optical Materials 14 (2000) 91-94.
       490. Z.K. Chen, W. Huang, L.H. Wang, E.T. Kang, B.J. Chen, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, “A family of electroluminescent silyl-substituted poly(p-phenylenevinylene)s: Synthesis, characterization, and structure-property relationships)”, Macromolecules 33, 9015-9025 (2000)  (November 2000)
    6. Publications in 1999
       491. X.M. Ding, L.M. Hung, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Vibrational structure of ultrathin 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum films studied by high-resolution electron-energy-loss spectroscopy", Phys. Review B Vol. 60 No. 19. (1999) 13291-13293.
       492. S. T. Lee, Z.Q. Gao and L.S. Hung, "Metal diffusion from electrodes in organic-light emitting diodes", Appl. Phys. Lett.75 No.10 (1999) 1404-1406.
       493. R.Q. Zhang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Theory of the charge transport-properties of naphthyl diamine used in organic light emitting devices", Appl. Phys. Lett. 75 No.16 (1999) 2418-2420.
       494. R.Q. Zhang, X. Y. Hou and S.T. Lee, "Theory of magnesium/Alq3 interaction in organic light emission device", Appl. Phys. Lett. 74 No.11 (1999) 1612-1614.
       495. S.T. Lee, Y.M. Wang, X.Y. Hou and C.W. Tang, "Interfacial electronic structures in organic light emitting diode", Appl. Phys. Lett.Vol 74 No.5 (1999) 670-672.
       496. X. Zhou, J. He, L.S. Liao, M. Lu, Z.H. Xiong, X.M. Ding, X.Y. Hou, F.G. Tao, C.E. Zhou and S.T. Lee, "Enhanced hole injection in a bilayer vacuum-deposited organic light emitting", Appl. Phys. Lett.Vol 74 No.4  (1999) 609.
       497. Z.B. Deng, X.M. Ding, S.T. Lee and W.A. Gambling, "Enhanced brightness and efficiency in organic electroluminescent devices using SiO2 buffer layers", Appl. Phys. Lett. 74 No.15 (1999) 2227-2229.
       498. Z.Q. Gao, C.S. Lee, I. Bello, S.T. Lee, R.M. Chen, T.Y. Luh, J. Shi and C.W. Tang, "Bright-blue electroluminescence from a silyl-substituted ter-(phenylene-vinylene) derivative", Appl Phys. Lett. 74 (1999) 865-867.
       499. Z.Q. Gao, W.Y. Lai, T.C. Wong, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Organic electroluminescent devices by high-temperature processing and crystalline hole transporting layer", Appl. Phys. Lett. Vol 74 No.22 (1999) 3269-3271.
       500. L.S. Liao, L.S. Hung, W.C. Chan, X.M. Ding, T.K. Sham, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Ion-beam induced surface damages on tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminium", Appl. Phys. Lett. 75 No.11 (1999) 1619-1621.
       501. B.J. Chen, W. Y. Lai, Z. Q. Gao, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, and W. A. Gambling "Electron drift mobility and electroluminescent efficiency of tris(8-hydroxyquinolinolato) aluminum" Appl. Phys. Lett.  Vol. 75, No. 25 (1999) 4010-4012.
       502. B.X. Mi, Z.Q. Gao, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, H.L. Kwong and N. B. Wong, "Reduction of molecular aggregation and its application to the high-performance blue perylene-doped organic electroluminescent device",  Appl. Phys. Lett. 75 No.11 (1999) 4055-4057.
       503. M. G. Mason, L.S. Hung, C.W. Tang, S.T. Lee, K.W. Wong, M. Wang "Characterization of treated indium-tin-oxide surfaces used in electroluminescent devices", J. Appl. Phys, 86 No. 3 (1999) 1688-1692.
       504. L.S. Hung, L.S. Liao, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, "Sputtering deposition of cathodes in organic light emitting diodes", J. Appl. Phys. 86 No.8 (1999) 4607-4612.
       505. Z.B. Deng, S.T. Lee, D.P. Webb, Y.C. Chan and W.A. Gambling, "Carrier transport in organic light emitting diodes", Syn. Metals 107 (1999) 107-109. 
       506. Z.Q. Gao, C.S. Lee, I. Bello, S.T. Lee, S.K. Wu, Z.L. Yan and X.H. Zhang, "Blue organic electroluminescence of 1,3,5-Triaryl-2-Pyrazoline",Syn. Metals 105  (1999) 141-144.
       507. W.Y. Lai, Z.Q. Gao, T.C. Wong, L.F. Cheng, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, X.H. Zhang and S.K. Wu,  "Reddish organic light electroluminescent device with DPP emitting layer", Physica Status Solidi A 173 (1999) 491-494.
    7. Publications in 1998
       508. S. T. Lee, X. Y. Hou, M. G. Mason and C. W. Tang, "Energy level alignment of Alq3/metals interfaces", Appl. Phys. Lett.72 No.13 (1998) 1593-1595.
       509. Y.G. Ma, H.Y. Chao, Y. Wu, S.T. Lee, W.Y. Yu and C.M. Che, "A blue electroluminescent molecular device from a tetranucluear zinc(II) compound [Zn4O(AID)6] (AID=7-azaindolate)", Chem. Commun. (1998) 2491-2492.
• Other Research Areas
  • Publications in 1998 or after
    510. B. X. Mi, P. F. Wang, M. W. Liu, H. L. Kwong, N. B. Wong, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, “Thermally stable hole-transporting material for organic light-emitting diode: An isoindole derivative”, Chem. Mat. 15, 3148-3151 (2003)  (August 2003)
    511. R. Q. Zhang, S. F. Lo, J. Wan, D. K. Yu and S. T. Lee, “Characteristics of boron and nitrogen species on aluminum surface”, Computational Materials Science 23 (2002) 38-42. (April 2002)
    512. Z. H. Xiong, L. S. Liao, X. M. Ding, S. H. Xu, Y. Liu, L. L. Gu, F. G. Tao, S. T. Lee and X. Y. Hou, “Flat layered structure and improved photoluminescence emission from porous silicon microcavities formed by pulsed anodic etching”, Appl. Phys. A 74, 807-811 (2002)  (June 2002)
    513. R. Q. Zhang, X. G. Xie, S. X. Liu, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “Computation of large systems with economic basis set: systems involving weak sodium-organic interaction”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 330, 484-490 (2000).  (November 2000)
    514. S. T. Lee and J. M. Farrar, “Dynamics of the OH-2 isotope exchange reaction: Reactive and nonreactive decay of the collision complex”, J. Chem. Phys. 113, 581-595 (2000)  (July 2000) 
    515. N. Wang, H. B. Liu, W. Z. Chen, T. Zhao, F. Chen, H. Y. Peng, S. T. Lee and G. Z. Gang, “Morphology and microstructure of BaTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices grown on SrTiO3 by laser molecular-beam epitaxy”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 3464-3466 (1999)  (November 1999) 
    516. S. T. Lee and J. M. Farrar, “Vibrational state-resolved study of the O-+H-2 reaction: Isotope effects on the product energy partitioning”, J. Chem. Phys. 111, 7348-7358 (1999)  (October 1999) 
    517. X. M. He, S. T. Lee, I. Bello, A. C. Cheung and C. S. Lee, “Characterization and optical properties of diamondlike carbon prepared by electron cyclotron resonance plasma”, J. Mat. Res. 14, 1055-1061 (1999)  (March 1999) 
    518. G. Yu, S. T. Lee and J. K. L. Lai, “Kinetics of Phase Transformation in Complex Systems”, Phys. Rev. B 57, 13573-13582 (1998)  (June 1998) 
  • Publications in 1997 or before
    519. S. T. Lee and K. Morokuma, 'Ab-initio molecular orbital studies on the structure of the nitrenium ion and its implication', J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 93, 6863-6860 (1971). [P, 80%, A]
    520. D. C. Frost, S. T. Lee, and C. A. McDowell, 'The high resolution photoelectron spectrum of CS', Chem. Phys. Lett. 17, 153-156 (1972). [P, 90%, A]
    521. C. Frost, S. T. Lee, and C. A. McDowell, 'Photoelectron spectra of OCSe, SCSe, CSe2', J. Chem. Phys. 59, 5484-5493 (1973). [P, 90%, A]
    522. C. Frost, S. T. Lee, and C. A. McDowell, 'The HEI photoelectron spectrum of S2O', Chem. Phys. Lett. 22, 243-246 (1973). [P, 90%, A]
    523. C. Frost, S. T. Lee, and C. A. McDowell, 'The photoelectron spectrum of HCP and comments on the first photoelectron band of HCN', Chem. Phys. Lett. 23, 472-475 (1973). [P, 90%, A]
    524. D. C. Frost, S. T. Lee, and C. A. McDowell, 'The high resolution photoelectron spectrum of ozone', Chem. Phys. Lett. 24, 149-152 (1974). [P, 90%, A]
    525. D. C. Frost, S. T. Lee, C. A. McDowell, and N. P. C. Westwood, 'Photoelectron Spectroscopic studies of some nitrosyl and nitryl halides and nitric acid', J. Electron Spectros. Related Phenomena 7, 331-347 (1975). [P, 70%, A]
    526. D. C. Frost, S. T. Lee, C. A. McDowell, and N. P. C. Westwood, 'The photoelectron spectrum of diazene (diimine)', Chem. Phys. Lett. 30, 26-27 (1975). [P, 60%, A]
    527. D. C. Frost, S. T. Lee, C. A. McDowell, and N. P. C. Westwood, 'The photoelectron spectrum of diazene, diazene-d2, and transmethyldiazene', J. Chem. Phys. 64, 4719-4729 (1976). [P, 70%, A]
    528. D. C. Frost, S. T. Lee, C. A. McDowell, and N. P. C. Westwood, 'A versatile, fast pumping UV photoelectron spectrometer for the study of transient and unstable species', J. Electron Spectros. Related Phenomena 12, 95-109 (1977). [P, 70%, A]
    529. S. Suzer, S. T. Lee, and D. A. Shirley, 'Correlation satellites in the atomic photoelectron spectra of group IIA and group IIB elements', Phys. Rev. A13, 1842-1949 (1976). [J, 40%, A]
    530. S. T. Lee, S. Suzer, and D. A. Shirley, ' Relativistic effects in the UV photoelectron spectra group VI diatomic molecules' Chem. Phys. Lett. 41, 25-28 (1976). [P, 60%, A]
    531. S. Suzer, S. T. Lee, and D. A. Shirley, 'PES of atomic and molecular bismuth', J. Chem. Phys. 65, 412-417 (1976). [J, 40%, A]
    532. S. T. Lee, S. Suzer, E. Matthias, and D. A. Shirley, 'Configuration interaction effects in the atomic photoelectron spectra of Ba, Sm, Eu, and Yb', J. Chem. Phys. 66, 2496-2505 (1977). [P, 60%, A]
    533. S. T. Lee, R. A. Rosenberg, E. Matthias, and D. A. Shirley, 'Glow discharge lamps as electron sources for electron impact excitation', J. Electron Spectros. Related Phenomena 10, 203-214 (1977). [P, 70%, A]
    534. E. Matthias, R. A. Rosenberg, E. D. Poliakoff, M. G. White, S. T. Lee, and D. A. Shirley, 'The resolved VUV spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation: fluorescent lifetimes of atomic Kr and Xe', Chem. Phys. Lett. 52, 239-242 (1977). [J, 30%, A]
    535. E. Matthias, M. G. White, E. D. Poliakoff, R. A. Rosenberg, S. T. Lee, and D. A. Shirley, 'Time resolved VUV spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation: Zeeman beats in the resonance fluorescence of the 3P1 states in krypton and xenon', Chem. Phys. Lett. 54, 30-34 (1978). [J, 30%, A]
    536. M. G. White, R. A. Rosenberg, S. T. Lee, and D. A. Shirley, 'The HeI photoelectron spectroscopy of heavy group IV-VI diatomics', J. Electron Spectros. Related Phenomena 17, 323-344 (1979). [P, 60%, A]
    537. Rosenberg, S. T. Lee, and D. A. Shirley, 'Observation of a collective excitation in the excited electron spectra of Yb and Ba', Phys. Rev. A21, 132-139 (1980). [P, 60%, A]
    538. M. G. Mason, L. J. Gerenser, and S. T. Lee, 'Electronic structure of catalytic metal clusters studied by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy', Phys. Rev. Lett. 39, 288-291 (1977). [J, 30%, A]
    539. G. Apai, S. T. Lee, M. G. Mason, L. J. Gerenser, and S. A. Gardner, 'X-ray photoemission study of platinum carbonyl dianions [Pt3(CO)6]2-n (n=2,3,4,5,6,10)' J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 101, 6880-6883 (1979). [P, 50%, A]
    540. S. T. Lee, G. Apai, M. G. Mason, R. Benbow, and Z. Hurych, 'Evolution of band structure in gold clusters as studied by photoemission', Phys. Rev. B23, 505-508 (1981). [P, 60%, A]
    541. M. G. Mason, S. T. Lee and G. Apai, 'Comparison of electronic structure development in gold clusters formed on amorphous and annealed carbon substrates', Chem. Phys. Lett. 76, 51-53 (1980). [J, 40%, A]
    542. G. Apai, S. T. Lee, and M. G. Mason, 'Valence band formation in small sliver clusters', Solid State Comm. 37, 213-217 (1981). [J, 40%, A]
    543. M. G. Mason, S. T. Lee, G. Apai, R. F. Davis, D. A. Shirley, A. Franciosi, and J. H. Weaver, 'Particle-size-induced valence changes in samarium clusters', Phys. Rev. Lett. 47, 730-733 (1981). [J, 40%, A]
    544. D. L. Losee, J. P. Lavine, E. A. Trabke, S. T. Lee, and C. Jarman, 'Phosphorus diffusion in polycrystalline silicon', J. Appl. Phys. 55, 1218 (1984). [J, 40%, A]
    545. S. T. Lee and D. N. Nichols, 'Outdiffusion and diffusion mechanism of oxygen in silicon', Appl. Phys. Lett. 47, 1001-1003 (1985). [P, 60%, A]
    546. S.T. Lee and P. Fellinger,' Enhanced oxygen diffusion in silicon at thermal donor formation temperature' Appl. Phys. Lett. 49, 1793-1795 (1986). [P, 90%, A]
    547. S. T. Lee, P. Fellinger, and S. Chen, "Enhanced and wafer-dependent oxygen diffusion in CZ-Si at 500-700 oC', J. Appl. Phys. 63, 1924-1927 (1988). [P, 80%, A]
    548. S. T. Lee and P. Fellinger, 'Fast diffusion component of ion-implanted arsenic in thermally grown silicon dioxide', Appl. Phys. Lett. 53, 189-192 (1988). [P, 90%, A]
    549. K. B. Kahen, G. Rajeswaran, and S. T. Lee, 'Mechanism for ion-induced mixing of GaAs-AlGaAs interfaces by rapid thermal annealing', Appl. Phys. Lett. 53, 1635-1637 (1988). [J, 40%, A]
    550. S. T. Lee, G. Braunstein, P. Fellinger, K. B. Kahen, and G. Rajeswaran, 'Disordering of Si-implanted GaAs-AlGaAs superlattices by rapid thermal annealing', Appl. Phys. Lett. 53, 2531-2533 (1988). [P, 70%, A]
    551. U. Goesele, K.-Y. Ahn, B. P. R. Marioton, T.  Y. Tan, and S.-T.  Lee, 'Do oxygen molecules contribute to oxygen diffusion and thermal donor formation in silicon', Appl. Phys. A48, 219-228 (1989). [J, 30%, A]
    552. S. T. Lee, S. Chen, G. Rajeswaran, G. Braunstein, P. Fellinger, and J. Madathil, 'Layer intermixing in 1 MeV implanted GaAs/AlGaAs superlattices', Appl. Phys. Lett. 54, 1145-1146 (1989). [P, 70%, A]
    553. L. S. Hung, S. T. Lee, G. Braunstein, and J. A. Agostinelli, 'Epitaxially oriented YBa2Cu3O7-x thin films on (100) MgO prepared by metallo-organic decomposition', J. Appl. Phys. 66, 463-466 (1989). [J, 40%, A]
    554. S. T. Lee, S. Chen, L. S. Hung, and G. Braunstein, 'Microstructure of epitaxially oriented superconducting YBa2Cu3O7-x films grown on (100) MgO by metalorganic decomposition', Appl. Phys. Lett. 55, 286-288 (1989). [P, 70%, A]
    555. D. J. Lawrence, S. T. Lee, and T. N. Blanton, 'Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition of (ZnO)x(SiO2)1-x films', J. Appl. Phys. 66, 885-890 (1989). [J, 40%, A]
    556. G. Braunstein, D. Tuschel, S. Chen, and S. T. Lee, 'Raman scattering study of lattice disorder in 1 MeV-implanted GaAs', J. Appl. Phys. 66, 3515-3522 (1989). [J, 40%, A]
    557. S. Chen, S. T. Lee, G. Braunstein, and T. Y. Tan, 'Void formation and inhibition of layer intermixing in ion-implanted GaAs/AlGaAs superlattices, Appl. Phys. Lett. 55, 1194-1196 (1989). [J, 40%, A]
    558. D. Elmore, T. Z. Hussain, H. E. Gove, T. K. Hemmick, P. W. Kubik, S. Jiang, J. P. Lavine, and S. T. Lee, 'Depth profiles of nitrogen and chlorine in pure materials through AMS of the neutron activation products 14C and 36Cl', Radiocarbon 31, 292-297 (1989). [J, 30%, A]
    559. H. E. Gove, P. W. Kubik, P. Sharma, S. Datar, U. Fehn, T. Z. Hossain, J. Koffer, J. P. Lavine, S. T. Lee, and D. Elmore, 'Applications of AMS to electronic and silver halide imaging research', Nucl. Inst. Methods, B52, 502-506 (1990). [J, 30%, A]
    560. M. Lelental, S. Chen, S. T. Lee, G. Braunstein, and T. Blanton, 'Microstructure of 110 K superconducting Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O thin films grown on (100) MgO by metallo-organic decomposition', Physica C167, 614-626 (1990). [J, 30%, A]
    561. S. Chen, S. T. Lee, G. Braunstein, K.-Y. Ko, L.-R. Zheng, and T. Y. Tan, 'Void formation and its effect on dopant diffusion and carrier activation in Si-implanted GaAs', Japan J. Appl. Phys. 29,  L1950-1953 (1990). [J, 40%, A]
    562. S. T. Lee, S. Chen, G. Braunstein, K.-Y. Ko, M. L. Ott, and T. Y. Tan, 'Void formation, electrical activation, and layer intermixing in Si-implanted GaAs/AlGaAs superlattices', Appl. Phys. Lett. 57, 389-391 (1990). [P, 70%, A]
    563. D. L. Lawrence, F. T. Smith, and S. T. Lee, 'Zinc diffusion into GaAs, Al0.2Ga0.8As, and GaAs0.6P0.4 from MOCVD (ZnO)x(SiO2)1-x films'. J. Appl. Phys. 69, 3011-3015 (1991).[J, 40%, A]
    564. S. T. Lee, S. Chen, G. Braunstein, K.-Y. Ko, and T. Y. Tan, 'Anomalous electrical  activation in Si-implanted GaAs-AlGaAs superlattices', Nucl. Inst. and Methods, B59/60, 999-1002 (1991). [P, 70%, A]
    565. G. Braunstein, S. Chen, S. T. Lee, L. R. Zheng, K.-Y. Ko, D. L. Peterson, and D. L. Lawrence, 'Compensation phenomena in GaAs implanted with 1 MeV silicon ions', Nucl. Inst. and Methods, B59/60, 1032-1036 (1991). [J, 30%, A]
    566. S. Chen, S. T. Lee, G. Braunstein, K.-Y. Ko, and T. Y. Tan, 'Distribution mechanism of voids in Si-implanted GaAs', J. Appl. Phys. 70, 656-660 (1991). [J, 40%, A]
    567. S. T. Lee, S. Chen, G. Braunstein, X. Feng, I. Bello, and W. M. Lau, 'Heteroepitaxy of carbon on copper by high temperature ion implantation', Appl. Phys. Lett.  59, 1-3 785-787 (1991). [P, 70%, A]
    568. W. M. Lau, I. Bello, X. Feng, L. J. Huang, F. Qin, Z. Yao, Z. Ren, and S. T. Lee, 'Direct ion beam deposition of carbon films on silicon in the ion energy range of 15-500 eV', J. Appl. Phys. 70, 5623-5628 (1991). [J, 40%, A]
    569. W. M. Lau, X. Feng, I. Bello, S. T. Lee, S. Chen, and G. Braunstein, 'Thin film growth by aggregation of carbon implanted into copper crystals', Diamond and Related Materials, 1, 735-740 (1992). [P, 60%, A] 
    570. L. S. Hung, S. T. Lee, J. M. Mir, D. H. Shin, J. Lee, J. Silcox, and J. W. Mayer, 'Limitations on the critical current density in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 films grown on MgO(001) by metalorganic deposition', J. App. Phys. 71, 2356-2362 (1992). [J, 40%, A]
    571. P. J. Simpson, P. J. Schultz, S. T. Lee, S. Chen, and G. Braunstein, 'Annealing of Si-implanted GaAs studied using variable-energy positrons', J. Appl. Phys. 72, 1799-1805 (1992). [P, 60%, A]
    572. S. T. Lee, S. Chen, J. Agostinelli, G. Braunstein, L. J. Huang, and W. M. Lau, 'Laser processing of carbon-implanted Cu, Ni, and Co crystals - an attempt to grow diamond films',  Appl. Phys. Lett. 60, 2213-2215 (1992). [P, 70%, A]
    573. K.-Y. Ko, S. Chen, S. T. Lee, and G. Braunstein, 'High temperature thermally stable implant isolation in GaAs via void formation', Appl. Phys. Lett. 60, 1223-1225 (1992).[J, 30%, A]
    574. T. Y. Tan, H. M. You, S. Yu, U. M. Goesele, W. Jager, D.W. Boeringer, F. Zepman, R. Tsu, and S. T. Lee, "Disordering in 69GaAs/71GaAs isotope superlattice Structures", J. Appl. Phys. 72, 5206-5212 (1992). [J, 30%, A]
    575. S. T. Lee and G. Apai, 'Surface phonons and CH vibrational modes of diamond (100) and (111) surfaces', Phys. Rev. B48, 2684-2693 (1992). [P, 80%, A]
    576. Badzian, T. Badzian, and S. T. Lee, 'Synthesis of diamond from methane and nitrogen mixture', Appl. Phys. Lett. 62, 3432-3434 (1993). [J, 40%, A]
    577. L. S. Hung, G. M. Mason, G. R. Paz-Pujalt, J. A. Agostinelli, J. M. Mir, S. T. Lee, T. N. Blanton, and G. Ding, "Epitaxial growth oxides on semiconductors using fluorides as a buffer layer", J. Appl. Phys. 74, 1366-1375 (1993). [J, 30%, A]
    578. H.M. You, T.Y. Tan, U.M. Gosele, S.T. Lee, G.E. Hofler, K.C. Hsieh and N. Holonyak, “Al-Ga interdiffusion carbon acceptor diffusion, and hole reduction in carbon-doped Al0.4Ga0.6As/GaAs superlattices – the As4 pressure effect”, J. Appl. Phys. 74, 2450-2460 (1993)  (August 1993) 
    579. W. M. Lau, L. J. Huang, I. Bello, M. Yiu, and S. T. Lee, "Modification of surface band bending of diamond by low energy argon and carbon ion bombardment", J. Appl. Phys. 75, 3385-3391 (1994). [P, 50%, A]
    580. G.R. Pazpujalt, D.D. Tuchel, G. Braunstein, T. Blanton, S.T. Lee and L.M. Salter, “Characterization of proton-exchange lithium-niobate wave-guides”, J. Appl. Phys. 76, 3981-3987 (1994)  (October 1994) 
    581. L. J. Huang, I. Bello, W. M. Lau, S. T. Lee, P. A. Stevens, and B. D. Devries, "Synchrotron radiation x-ray absorption of ion bombardment induced defects on diamond (100)", J. Appl. Phys. 76 (11), 7483 (1994). [J, 40%, A]
    582. L. Zhang, J. L. Shohet, D. Dallman, J. H. Booske, R. R. Speth, K. Shenai, M. J. Goeckner, J. B. Kruger, P. Rissman, J. E. Turner, E. Perez-Albuerne, S.T. Lee, and N. Meyyappan, "Low-energy separation by implantation of oxygen structures via plasma source ion implantation", Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 962-964 (1994). [J, 20%, A]
    583. S. T. Lee, W. M. Lau, L. J. Huang, Z. Ren and F. Qin, "Diamond growth by carbon ion implantation of diamond", Diamond and Related Materials, 4, 1353 (1995). [P, 70%, A]
    584. R. J. Zhang, S. T. Lee, and Y. W. Lam, "Characterization of heavily of boron-doped diamond films" Diamond & Related Materials, 5, 1288 (1996).
    585. K. W. Wong, S. T. Lee, R. W. M. Kwok, Y. W. Lam, and H. Kawarada, "Electron affinity and surface re-ordering of homoepitaxial diamond (100)", Jap. J. Appl. Phys. 35, 5444 (1996).
    586. Y. F. Zhang, L. P. Xie, Z. H. Zhou, J. W. Sun, and S. T. Lee, "Characteristics of diamond crystals deposited on quartz substrates by chemical vapor deposition", J. Crystal Growth 169, 722 (1996).
    587. S. T. Lee, Y. W. Lam,  Z. D. Lin, Y. Chen, and Z. Q. Gao, "Role of hydrogen in the initial stage of diamond heteroepitaxy on silicon", Phys. Rev. B, 54, 14185 (1996).
    588. Z. D. Lin, Chen Yan, Chen Qi-jin, S. T. Lee, and Y. W. Lam, "Very low pressure nucleation of diamond on mirror-smooth silicon in hot filament chemical vapor deposition system", Chin. Phys. Lett. 13, 753 (1996).
    589. H. K. Woo, Y. F. Zhang, S. T. Lee, C. S. Lee, Y. W. Lam, K. W. Wong, "Preparation of crystalline carbon nitride films on silicon substrate by chemical vapor deposition", Diamond & Related Materials 6, 635 (1997).
    590. S. T. Lee, Y. W. Lam, Z. D. Lin, Y. Chen, and Q. J. Chen, “Pressure effect on diamond nucleation in a hot-filament CVD system”, Phys. Rev. B 55, 15937-15941 (1997)  (June 1997) 
    591. X. Z. Liao, R. J. Zhang, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee and Y. W. Lam, "The influence of boron doping on the structure and characteristics of diamond thin films", Diamond & Related Materials 6, 521 (1997).
    592. Yu Ge, S. T. Lee, J. K. L. Lai, and L. Ngai, "Kinetics of transformation with nucleation and growth mechanism: special consideration of crystallographic relationship and epitaxial growth", J. Appl. Phys. 81, 89 (1996).
    593. Y. F. Zhang, G. C. Li, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, "Silicon cylinder grown on the surface of a silicon wafer", J. Crystal Growth, 182, 1997, 337-340.
    594. Z. B. Deng, S. T. Lee, Chan L C, Dong S Z, Sun H H, Wang X, "Electroluminescence of polymer doped with triphenyl-2-pyrazoline", Acta Physica Sinica, 6, 1997, 921.
    595. H. K. Woo, S. T. Lee, C. S. Lee, I. Bello and Y. W. Lam, "Diamond films grown by hot filament chemical vapor deposition from a solid carbon source", J. Vac. Sci. Tech. A15, 1997, 2988.
    596. J. Liang, W.L. Li, Z.R. Hong, X.Y. Liu, J.B. Peng, L. Liu, Z.B. Liu, J.Q. Yu, D.X. Zhao and S. T. Lee, "Redistribution of carriers in OEL devices by inserting a thin charge-carrier blocking layer", Synthetic Metals 91 No.1-3 (1997) 275-277.
    597. Z. R. Hong, W.L. Li, C.J. Liang, J.Q. Yu, G. Sun, X.Y. Liu, Y.L. Liu, J.B. Peng and S. T. Lee, "Electron-transport properties of rare earth chelates in organic electroluminescent devices",  Synthetic Metals91 No.1-3 (1997) 271-273.

More Publications on Diamond and Superhard materials | Nanoscience | Organic Light Emitting Diodes

Patents

• Organic Light Emitting Diode
  1. L.S. Hung, C.W. Tang and S.T. Lee, "Conductive electron injector for light-emitting diodes", US patent no. 5,608,287, March 4, 1997.
  2. S. T. Lee, Z. B. Deng and W. A. Gambling, "Organic electroluminescent device with improved hole injecting structure", US Patent No. 6,351,067, 26 February 2002.
  3. S. T. Lee, C. S. Lee and Z. Q. Gao, "White and colored organic electroluminescent devices using single emitting material by novel color change technique", US Patent no. 6,521,360, 18 February 2003.
  4. S.T. Lee, C.S. Lee, L.S. Hung, M.X. Mi, Z.Q. Gao, "Organic electroluminescent elements", US Patent no.  6,613,458, 2 September 2003.
  5. S. T. Lee, C. S. Lee, P. F. Wang, Z. Y. Xie, “Electroluminescent Devices”, US Patent No. 6,833,202,  21 December 2004.
  6. S.T. Lee, C.S. Lee, P.F. Wang, Z.Y. Xie, “Organic electroluminescent devices using pyrazolo[3,4b]quinoxaline derivatives”, US Patent No. 6,861,162, 1 March 2005.
  7. S.T. Lee, X. Jiang, C.S. Lee, F.L. Wong, “High-quality aluminum-doped zinc oxide layer als transparent conductive electrode for organic light-emitting devices”,  US Patent 6,917,158 B2, 12 July 2005.
  8. S.T. Lee, C.S. Lee, L.S. Hung, B.X. Mi, Z.Q. Gao, “Red-emitting organic electroluminescent elements”, US Patent 7,037,600 B2, 2 May 2006.
  9. S.T. Lee, C.S. Lee, P.F. Wang, B.X. Mi, “Electroluminescent devices”, US Patent 7,232,617 B2, 19 June 2007.
  10. S.T. Lee, C.S. Lee, S.L. Lai, M.Y. Chan, “Organic electroluminescent devices formed with rare earth metal containing cathode”, US Patent application no. 10/656,641, September 2003 (pending).
  11. C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, Y. Lifshitz, S.W. Tong, “Ultraviolet light-illuminated fluorocarbon films for OLED applications”, US Patent application no. 11/124,686, filed on 9 May 05 (pending).
  12. S.T. Lee, C.S. Lee, B.X. Mi, P.F. Wang, “Improvement in red-emitting electrophosphorecent Devices”, US Patent application No. 11/133,664, March 2005. (pending
• Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
  13. S.T. Lee, C.S. Lee, N. Wang, I. Bello, C.H. L. Lai, X.T. Zhou and F.C.K. Au, "Method for growing beta-silicon carbide nanorods, and preparation of patterned field-emitters by chemical vapor deposition (CVD)", US Patent no. 6,221,154, 24 April 2001.
  14. S. T. Lee, N. Wang, C. S. Lee and I. Bello, "Growth method for silicon nanowires and nanoparticle chains from silicon monoxide", US Patent no. 6,313,015, 6 November 2001.
  15. S.T. Lee, I. Bello, C.S. Lee, Q. Li, N.G. Shang, "Large area silicon cone arrays fabrication and cone based nanostructure modification", US Patent No. 6,761,803, 13 July 2004.
  16. S. T. Lee, C. P. Li, X. H. Sun, N. B. Wong, C. S. Lee, Boon K. Teo, “Room temperature solutions synthesis of multiwalled carbon nanostructures”, US Patent No. 7,132,126 B2, 7 Nov 2006
• Diamond, Nanodiamond and Superhard Coatings
  17. K. Y. Ko, S. Chen, and S.T. Lee, "Isolation region in a group III-V semiconductor device and method of making the same", US Patent No. 5,399,900, March 21, 1995.
  18. S.T. Lee, C.S. Lee, I. Bello, Y.W. Lam and H. K. Woo, "Method of  heteroepitaxial growth of beta silicon carbide on silicon", US Patent No.5,879,450, March 9, 1999.
  19. S.T. Lee, C.S. Lee, Z.D. Lin and Y.W. Lam, "Deposition method for heteroepitaxial diamond", US Patent No. 6,063,187, May 16, 2000.
  20. S.T. Lee, W.J. Zhang, I. Bello, C.Y. Chan, “Fabrication of Single Crystal Diamond Tips and their Arrays”, US Patent No. 6,902,716, 7 June 2005.
  21. I. Bello, W.J. Zhang, S.T. Lee, “Cubic boron nitride/ diamond composite (cBND) layers”, US Patent application no. 10/366,880, 14 February 2003.
  22. W.J. Zhang, S.T. Lee, I. Bello, K.M. Leung, H.Q. Li, Y.S. Zou, Y.M. Chong, K.L. Ma, “Ultrahard multilayer coating comprising nanocrystalline diamond and nanocrystalline cubic boron nitride”, US Patent Application No. 11/880,115, 19 July 2007.
  23. S.T. Lee, W.J. Zhang, Y.S. Zou, I. Bello, K.L. Ma, K.M. Leung, Y.M. Chong, “Surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices based on cubic boron nitride/diamond composite structures”, US Patent Application No. 11/760,996, 11 June 2007)

Book Chapters

1. M.K. Fung, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Chapter 5 - Metal/Polymer Interface Studies for Organic Light-Emitting Devices” (p181-214) in Organic Light-Emitting Devices — Synthesis, Properties, and Applications, (2006) edited by K. Müllen, U. Scherf,  Publisher: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.
2. S.T. Lee, R. Q. Zhang and Y. Lifshitz, “Chapter 10 - Oxide-assisted growth of silicon and related nanowires: growth mechanism, structure and properties”, (p308-369) in “The Chemistry of Nanomaterials”, (2004), edited by C.N.R. Rao, A. Müller, A.K. Cheetham, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.
3. S.T. Lee, R.Q. Zhang and Y. Lifshitz, “Chapter 13 - Silicon-based nanowires” (p413-458) in “Nanowires and Nanobelts – Materials, Properties and Devices, Metal and Semicondutor Nanowires” (Vol. 1), (2003) edited by Z.L. Wang, Kluwer Academic Publisher.
4. L.S. Liao, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, M. Inbasekaran and W.W. Wu, "Chapter 12 - Metal/polyfluorene interface and surface: structures and stability" (p401-442) in "Conjugated Polymer and Molecular Interfaces: Science and Technology for Photonic and Optoelectronic Applications", (2002) edited by W.R. Salaneck, K. Seki, A. Kahn and J.J. Pireaux, Marcel Dekker.
5. J. F. Hamilton, G. Apai, S.T. Lee, and M. G. Mason, “Binding energies, bond length charges, and band structure formation in small cluster”, (p387-) Growth and Properties of Metal Clusters (1980), ed. by J. Bourdon.
6. D.A. Shirley, S.T. Lee, S. Suzer, R.L. Martin, E. Matthias, and R.A. Rosenberg, “Electron correlation in atoms from photoelectron spectroscopy”, (p313-324) Atomic Physics 5 (1977), Plenum Publishing Corporation.