Associate Director

 Research Interest

Professional Roles

Publication 

• Journal Articles

Organic Optoelectronics
Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

Diamond and Related Materials

Others

• Book chapters

• Patents

Invited Talks

Research Grants

Conferences Organization

Professional Roles

• Reviewer for journals and papers
  • Applied Physics Letters, USA
  • Advanced Materials, Germany
  • Composite Science & Technology, Europe
  • Diamond and Related Materials, Europe
  • Journal of Non-crystallized Solids, Europe
  • Thin Solid Films, Europe
  • Synthetic Metals, Europe
  • Physica Status Solidi, Europe

   

Publications

Published over 280 papers in SCI journals (since 1998), including two papers in Science.

Organic Optoelectronics                                                                [back]

1. X.J. Zhang, X.H. Zhang, W.S. Shi, X.M. Meng, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Single-crystal organic microtubes with a rectangular cross section”, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 46, 1525 –1528 (2007).

2. S. L. Lai, M. Y. Chan, M. K. Fung, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, “Efficiency enhancement and voltage reduction in white organic light-emitting devices”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 203510 (2007)  (May 2007)

3. M. Y. Chan, S. L. Lai, M. K. Fung, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, “Doping-induced efficiency enhancement in organic photovoltaic devices”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 023504 (2007).

4. J. X. Tang, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, “Electronic structures of organic/organic heterojunctions: From vacuum level alignment to Fermi level pinning”, J. Appl. Phys. 101, 064504 (2007).  

5. S. L. Lai, M. Y. Chan, M. K. Fung, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, “Copper hexadecafluoro-phthalocyanine and copper phthalocyanine as a pure organic connecting unit in blue tandem organic light-emitting devices”, J. Appl. Phys. 101, 014509 (2007). 

6. S.L. Chew, P.F. Wang, Z.R. Hong, H.L. Kwong, J.X. Tang, S.L. Sun, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Photoluminescence and electroluminescence of a novel green-yellow emitting material–5,6-Bis-[4-(naphthalene-1-yl-phenyl-amino)-phenyl]-pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile”, Journal of Luminescence 124, 221-227 (2007).   (June 2007)

7. W.F. Xie, K.C. Lau, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Transparent organic light-emitting devices with LiF/Yb:Ag cathode”, Thin Solid Films 575, 6975–6977 (2007). 

8. M. Y. Chan, S. L. Lai, K. M. Lau, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee,  “Application of metal-doped organic layer both as exciton blocker and optical spacer for organic photovoltaic devices”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 163515 (2006)

9. C. W. Law, K. M. Lau, M. K. Fung, M. Y. Chan, F. L. Wong, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, “Effective organic-based connection unit for stacked organic light-emitting devices”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 133511 (2006).

10. J. X. Tang, K. M. Lau, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, “Substrate effects on the electronic properties of an organic/organic heterojunction”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 232103 (2006).

11. H. Y. Sun, K. M. Lau, K. C. Lau, M. Y. Chan, M. K. Fung, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, “Fluorocarbon film as cathode protective coating in organic light-emitting devices”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 223503 (2006).

12. S.L. Chew, P.F. Wang, Z.R. Hong, S.L. Tao, J.X. Tang, C.S. Lee, N.B. Wong, H.L. Kwong, S.T. Lee, “High-performance organic red-light-emitting devices based on a greenish-yellow-light-emitting host and long-wavelength emitting dopant” Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 183504 (2006).

13. K. M. Lau, J. X. Tang, H. Y. Sun, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, D.H. Yan, “Interfacial electronic structure of copper phthalocyanine and copper hexadecafluorophthalocyanine studied by photoemission”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 173513 (2006).

14. S.L. Chew, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, P.F. Wang, J. He, W. Li, J. Pan, X.H. Zhang, H.L. Kwong, “Photoluminescence and electroluminescence of a new blue-emitting homoleptic iridium complex”,  Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 093510 (2006).  (March 2006).

15. K. C. Lau, W. F. Xie, H. Y. Sun, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, “Contrast improvement of organic light-emitting devices with Sm:Ag cathode”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 083507 (2006). (February 2006).

16. C.S. Lin, R.Q. Zhang, C.S. Lee, T.A. Niehaus, Th. Frauenheim, “Geometric and Excited-State Properties of 1,4-Bis(benzothiazolylvinyl)benzene Interacting with 2,2',2' '-(1,3,5-phenylene)tris[1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole] Studied by a Density-Functional Tight-Binding Method”, J. Phys. Chem. B. 110, 20847-20851 (2006).

17. W. F. Xie, S. L. Chew, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, P. F. Wang, H. L. Kwong, “High-efficiency white organic light-emitting devices using a blue iridium complex to sensitize a red fluorescent dye”, J.  Appl. Phys. 100, 096114 (2006).

18. M. Y. Chan, C. S. Lee, S. L. Lai, M. K. Fung, F. L. Wong, H. Y. Sun, K. M. Lau, S. T. Lee, “Efficient organic photovoltaic devices using a combination of exciton blocking layer and anodic buffer layer”, J. Appl. Phys. 100, 094506 (2006).

19. S.L. Chew, P.F. Wang, O.Y. Wong, Z.R. Hong, M.X. He, R.Q. Zhang, H.L. Kwong, J.X. Tang, S.L. Sun, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Photoluminescence and electroluminescence of 3-methyl-8-dimethylaminophenazine”, Synthetic Metals 156, 185-189 (2006). February 2006

20. F.L. Wong, H.Y. Sun, S.W. Tong, M.Y. Chan, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, “Performance enhancement of organic light-emitting diode by heat treatment”, J. of Crystal Growth 288, 110-114 (2006). February 2006

21. J.X. Tang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, “Chemical bonding and electronic structures at magnesium/copper phthalocyanine interfaces”, Applied Surface Science 252, 3948-3952 (2006). (March 2006).

22. S.W. Tong, K.M. Lau, H.Y. Sun, M.K. Fung, C.S. Lee, Y. Lifshitz and S.T. Lee, “Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy investigation of interface formation in an indium–tin oxide/fluorocarbon/organic semiconductor contact”, Applied Surface Science 252, 3806-3811 (2006).  (March 2006).

23. W.F. Xie, H.Y. Sun, C.W. Law, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, S.Y. Liu, “High-contrast and high-efficiency top-emitting organic light-emitting devices”, Applied Physics A 85, 95-97 (2006).

24. F.X. Zang, O. Lengyel, W.L. Li, Z.R. Hong, Z. Liu, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Electron mobility of rare earth complexes measured by transient electroluminescence method”, Solid-State Electronics 50, 1584-1587  (2006).  (September-October 2006)

25. B. Chu, W.L. Li, Z.R. Hong, F.X. Zang, H.Z. Wei, D.Y. Wang, M.T. Li, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Observation of near infrared and enhanced visible emissions from electroluminescent devices with organo samarium(III) complex”, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 39, 4549–4552 (2006).  (November 2006)

26. S. L. Tao, Z. K. Peng, X. H. Zhang, P. F. Wang, C.-S. Lee, S.-T. Lee, “Highly efficient non-doped blue organic light-emitting diodes based on fluorene derivatives with high thermal stability”, Adv. Funct. Mater. 15, 1716-1721 (2005). (October, 2005)

27. J.X. Tang, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Electronegativity model for barrier formation at metal/organic interfaces”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 252110 (2005). (December 2005).

28. H.M. Liu, J. He, P.F. Wang, H.Z. Xie, X.H. Zhang, C.S. Lee, B.Q. Sun, Y.J. Xia, “High-efficiency polymer electrophosphorescent diodes based on an Ir (III) complex”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 221103 (2005)

29. J.Y. Li, D. Liu, Y.Q. Li, C.S. Lee, H.L. Kwong, S.T. Lee, “A high Tg carbazole-based hole-transporting material for organic light-emitting devices”, Chem. Mater. 17, 1208-1212 (2005).   (February 2005)

30. J.Y. Li, C.W. Ma, J.X. Tang, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Novel starburst molecule as a hole injecting and transporting material for organic light-emitting devices”, Chem. Mater. 17, 615-619 (2005).  (January 2005)

31. S.D. Wang, X. Dong, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Molecular orientation and film morphology of pentacene on native silicon oxide surface”, J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 9892-9896 (2005). (May 2005)

32. S.L. Sun, C.S. Lin, R.Q. Zhang, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Calcium/poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) interaction: A theoretical study”, J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 12868-12873 (2005).  (July 2005).

33. J.Y. Li, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Efficient UV-sensitive organic photovoltaic devices using a starburst amine as electron donor”, J. Mater. Chem. 15, 3268-3271 (2005).

34. B. Chu, W.L. Li, H.Z. Wei, D.Y. Wang, M.T. Li, Z.Q. Zhang, Z.Z. Hu, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Photovoltaic effects of diodes containing lanthanide complexes”,  J Alloys & Compounds 389, 252-255 (2005).  (March 2005)

35. J. Y. Li, D. Liu, C. W. Ma, O. Lengyel, C. S. Lee, C. H. Tung and S. T. Lee, “White-light emission from a single-emitting-component organic electroluminescent device”, Adv. Mater. 16, 1538-1541 (2004).  (September, 2004)

36. F. X. Zang, W. L. Li, Z. R. Hong, H. Z. Wei, M. T. Li, X. Y. Sun, and C. S. Lee, “Observation of 1.5 mm photoluminescence and electroluminescence from a holmium organic complex”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 5115-5117 (2004). (June 2004)

37. S.W. Tong, C.S. Lee, Y. Lifshitz, D.Q. Gao, and S.T. Lee, “Conducting fluorocarbon coatings for organic light-emitting diodes”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 4032-4034 (2004).  (May 2004)

38. J.X. Tang, Y.Q. Li, L.S. Hung, and C.S. Lee, “Photoemission study of hole-injection enhancement in organic electroluminescent devices with Au/CFx anode”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 73-75 (2004).  (January 2004)

39. S.D. Wang, X. Dong, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Orderly growth of copper phthalocyanine on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) at high substrate temperatures”, J. Phys. Chem. B. 108, 1529-1532 (2004).

40. M.K. Fung, S.L. Lai, S.W. Tong, S.N. Bao, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Interface gap states of 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum induced by cesium metal”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 392, 40–43 (2004).  (July 2004)

41. M.Y. Chan, S.L. Lai, M.K. Fung, C.S. Lee, and S.T. Lee, “Impact of the metal cathode and CsF buffer layer on the performance of organic light-emitting devices”, J. Appl. Phys. 95, 5397-5402 (2004). (May 2004)

42. F.L. Wong, M.K. Fung, X. Jiang, C.S Lee and S.T. Lee, “Non-reflective black cathode in organic light-emitting diode”, Thin Solid Films 446, 143-146 (2004).  (January 2004)

43. J.Y. Li, Z.R. Hong, P.F. Wang, C.S. Lee, N.B. Wong, H.L. Kwong and S.T. Lee, “Enhancement of green electroluminescence from 2,5-di-p-anisyl-isobenzofuran by double-layer doping strategy”, Thin Solid Films 446, 111-116 (2004). (January 2004)

44. J. Jakabovi, O. Lengyel, J. Ková, T.C. Wong, C.S. Lee, and S.T. Lee, “Properties of 4-dicyanomethylene-2-methyl-6-(p-dimethyl-aminostyryl)-4H-pyran-doped-Alq layers as optically pumped lasers”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 1295-1297 (2003).

45. C.O. Poon, F.L. Wong, S.W. Tong, R.Q. Zhang, C.S. Lee, and S.T. Lee, “Improved performance and stability of organic light-emitting devices with silicon oxy-nitride buffer layer”, Appl. Phys. Letts. 83, 1038-1040 (2003). (Aug 2003)

46. Z.R. Hong, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, W.L. Li, and S.Y. Liu, “Efficient red electroluminescence from organic devices using dye-doped rare earth complexes”, Appl. Phys. Letts. 82, 2218-2220 (2003). (April 2003)

47. M.Y. Chan, S.L. Lai, M.K. Fung, S.W. Tong, C.S. Lee, and S.T. Lee, “Efficient CsF/Yb/Ag cathodes for organic light-emitting devices” Appl. Phys. Letts. 82, 1784-1786 (2003). (March 2003)

48. D.G. Ma, G.A Wang, Y.F. Hu, Y.G. Zhang, L.X. Wang, X.B. Jing, F.S. Wang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, “A dinuclear aluminum 8-hydroxyquinoline complex with high electron mobility for organic light-emitting diodes”, Appl. Phys. Letts. 82, 1296-1298 (2003). (February 2003)

49. P.F. Wang, Z.R. Hong, Z.Y. Xie, S.W. Tong, O.Y. Wong, C.S. Lee, N.B. Wong, L.S. Hung, S.T. Lee“A bis-salicylaldiminato Schiff base and its zinc complex as new highly fluorescent red dopants for high performance organic electroluminescence devices”, Chem. Commun. 14, 1664 – 1665 (2003) (June 2003).

50. P.F. Wang, Z.Y. Xie, S.W. Tong, O.Y. Wong, C.S. Lee, N.B. Wong, L.S. Hung, S.T. Lee, “A novel neutral red derivative for applications in high-performance red-emitting electroluminescent devices”, Chem. Mater. 15, 1913-1917 (2003). (May 2003)

51. J.Y. Li, D. Liu, Z.R. Hong, S.W. Tong, P.F. Wang, C.W. Ma, O. Lengyel, C.S. Lee, H.L. Kwong, S.T. Lee, “A new family of isophorone-based dopants for red organic electroluminescent devices” , Chem. Mater. 15, 1486-1490 (2003). (March 2003)

52. P.F. Wang, Z.Y. Xie, Z.R. Hong, J.X. Tang, O.Y. Wong, C.S. Lee, N.B. Wong, S.T. Lee, “Synthesis, photoluminescence and electroluminescence of new 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinoxaline derivatives”, J. Mater. Chem. 13, 1894–1899(2003) (July 2003)

53. M. K. Fung, S. L. Lai, S. W. Tong, S. N. Bao, C. S. Lee, W. W. Wu, M. Inbasekaran, J. J. O'Brien, and S. T. Lee, “ Distinct interfaces of poly (9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-benzothiadiazole) with cesium and calcium as observed by photoemission spectroscopy“, J. Appl. Phys. 94, 5763-5770 (2003). (November 2003)

54. S. L. Lai, M. Y. Chan, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, “Investigation of calcium as high performance cathode in small-molecule based organic light-emitting devices”, J. Appl. Phys. 94, 7297-7299 (2003).

55. M. K. Fung, S. W. Tong, S. L. Lai, S. N. Bao, C. S. Lee, W. W. Wu, M. Inbasekaran, J. J. O'Brien, S. Y. Liu, and S. T. Lee, “Role of ytterbium and ytterbium/cesium fluoride on the chemistry of poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-benzothiadiazole) as investigated by photoemission spectroscopy”,  J. Appl. Phys. 94, 2686-2694 (2003). (August 2003)

56. S.D. Wang, M.K. Fung, S.L. Lai, S.W. Tong, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, H.J. Zhang, and S.N. Bao, “Experimental study of a chemical reaction between LiF and Al”, J. Appl. Phys. 94, 169-173 (2003).  (July 2003)

57. X. H. Zhang, Z. Y. Xie, F. P. Wu, L. L. Zhou, O. Y. Wong, C. S. Lee, H. L. Kwong, S. T. Lee and S. K. Wu, “Red electroluminescence and photoluminescence properties of new porphyrin compounds”, Chem. Phys. Letts. 382, 561-566 (2003). (December 2003).

58. M. Y. Chan, S. L. Lai, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “Efficiency and stability enhancement in organic light-emitting devices with CsF/Mg:Ag cathode”, Chem. Phys. Letts. 380, 298-303 (2003). (October 2003).

59. J. X. Tang, S. W. Tong, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee and P. M. He, “Photoemission study of interface formation between ytterbium and tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum”, Chem. Phys. Letts. 380, 63 –69 (2003).  (October 2003)

60. M.Y. Chan, S.L. Lai, M.K. Fung, C.S. Lee, S.T.Lee, “Highly efficient and substrate independent CsF/Yb/Ag cathodes for organic light-emitting devices”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 374, 215 –221 (2003).  (June 2003)

61. H. J. Zhang, S. N. Bao, P. He, S. D. Wang, M. K. Fung, R. Q. Zhang, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “HREELS study on the interaction of MgF₂ with tris(8-hydroxy-quinoline)aluminum”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 374, 119 –124 (2003). (June 2003)

62. M. Y. Chan, S. L. Lai, F. L. Wong, O. Lengyel, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “Efficiency enhancement and retarded dark-spots growth of organic light-emitting devices by high-temperature processing”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 371, 700-706 (2003). (April 2003)

63. P. He, S. D. Wang, W. K. Wong, L. F. Cheng, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee and S. Y. Liu, “Vibrational analysis of oxygen-plasma treated indium tin oxide”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 370, 795 –798 (2003). (March 2003)

64. X. H. Sun, L. F. Cheng, M. W. Liu, L. S. Liao, N. B. Wong, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “Photoelectron spectroscopic study of iodine- and bromine-treated indium tin oxides and their interfaces with organic films”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 370, 425 –430 (2003). (March 2003)

65. X. H. Zhang, M. W. Liu, O. Y. Wong, C. S. Lee, H. L. Kwong, S. T. Lee and S. K. Wu, “Blue and white organic electroluminescent devices based on 9,10-bis(2'-naphthyl)anthracene”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 369, 478-482 (2003). (February 2003)

66. S. L. Lai, M. K. Fung, S. N. Bao, S. W. Tong, M. Y. Chan, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “Interfaces between 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum and cesium as affected by their deposition sequences”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 367, 753-758 (2003). (January 2003)

67. S. W. Tong, M. K. Fung, C. S. Lee, Y. Lifshitz, S. T. Lee and A. Hoffman, “Argon ion stimulated conversion between CFx (x = 0–3) chemical states and fluorine depletion in fluorocarbon films studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy”, Appl. Surf. Sci. 220, 19-25 (2003).  (December 2003)

68. Z. R. Hong, O. Lengyel, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “A mechanistic study of exciplex formation and efficient red light-emitting devices based on rare earth complexes”, Organic Electronics 4, 149-154. (September 2003)

69. S. L. Lai, M. Y. Chan, M. K. Fung, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “Concentration effect of glycerol on the conductivity of PEDOT film and the device performance”, Mater. Sci. & Engg. B 104, 26-30 (2003) November 2003.

70. B. J. Chen, X. W. Sun, X. Q. Lin, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “Improved luminescent efficiency of a red organic dye with modified molecular structure”, Mater. Sci. & Engg. B 100, 59-62 (2003) June 2003.

71. H.J. Zhang, S.N. Bao, P.M. He, S.D. Wang, M.K. Fung, R.Q. Zhang, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “High-resolution electron-energy-loss spectroscopy study on the reaction of MgF2 with Alq(3) (8-hydroxy-quinoline) aluminum”, Acta Physica Sinica 52, 2337-2341 (2003).  (September 2003)

72. Z. R. Hong, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, W. L. Li, and Y. Shirota, “Bifunctional photovoltaic and electroluminescent devices using a starburst amine as an electron donor and hole-transporting material”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 2878 (2002). (October 2002)

73. M. K. Fung, S. L. Lai, S. W. Tong, M. Y. Chan, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, W. W. Wu, M. Inbasekaran, and J. J. O'Brien, “Anode modification of polyfluorene-based polymer light-emitting devices”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 1497 (2002). (August 2002)

74. D.G. Ma, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, and L. S. Hung, “Improved efficiency by a graded emissive region in organic light-emitting diodes”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 3641-3643 (2002).

75. P. F. Wang, Z.Y.  Xie, O.Y. Wong, C. S. Lee, N. B. Wong, L.S.  Hung and S. T. Lee, “New 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinoxaline derivatives as sharp green-emitting dopants for highly efficient electroluminescent devices”, Chem. Commun. 13, 1404 to 1405 (2002).  (May 2002)

76. M.K. Fung, S.L. Lai, S.N. Bao, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, W.W. Wu, M. Inbasekaran and J. J. O’Brien, “The interface between poly (9,9-dioctylfluorene) and alkali metals: cesium, potassium, sodium and lithium”, J. Vacuum Sci. & Technol. 20, 911-918 (2002). (May/June 2002)

77. R.Q. Zhang, W.C. Lu, C.S. Lee, L.S. Hung and S.T. Lee, “Metal/Alq3 interactions in organic light emitting devices:  The different roles of Mg, Al and Li atoms”, J. Chem. Phys. 116, 8827 (2002). (May 2002)

78. B.X. Mi, Z.Q. Gao, M.W. Liu, K.Y. Chan, H.L. Kwong, N.B. Wong, C.S. Lee, L.S. Hung, and S.T. Lee, “New polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon dopants for red organic electroluminescent devices”,  J Mater. Chem. 12, 1307-1310 (2002). (April 2002)

79. S. L. Lai, M. Y. Chan, M. K. Fung, C. S. Lee, L. S. Hung and S. T. Lee, “Applications of Ytterbium in organic light-emitting devices as high performance and transparent electrodes”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 366, 128-133 (2002). (November 2002)

80. L.S. Liao, L.F. Cheng, X.H. Sun, N.B. Wong, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Substrate dependence of thermal effect on organic light-emitting”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 356, 194-200 (2002). (April 2002)

81. M. K. Fung, S. L. Lai, S. N. Bao, C. S. Lee, J. J. O'Briein, M. Inbasekaran, W. W. Wu and S. T. Lee, “Photoelectron spectroscopic studies of poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene)_¯potassium interface, and its influence by oxygen”, Synthetic Metals 128, 97-101 (2002). (10 April 2002)

82. H.Z. Xie, M.W. Liu, O.Y. Wang, X.H. Zhang, C.S. Lee, L.S. Hung, S.T. Lee, P.F. Teng, H.L. Kwong, H. Zheng and C.M. Che, "Reduction of self-quenching effect in organic electrophosphorescence emitting devices via the use of sterically hindered spacers in phosphorescence molecules", Adv. Mater. 13 (2001) 1245-1248.

83. P. He, W.K. Wong, S.D. Wang, L.F. Cheng, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Vibrational and photoemission study of the interface between phenyldiamine and indium tin oxide", Appl. Phys. Lett 79 (2001) 1561-1563.

84. X.Q. Lin, B.J. Chen, X.H. Zhang, C.S. Lee, H.L. Kwong, S.T. Lee, “ A Novel Yellow Fluorescent Dopant for High-Performance Organic Electroluminescent Devices ”, Chem. Mater. 13 (2001) 456-458.

85. X.H. Zhang, B.J. Chen, X.Q. Lin, O.Y. Wong, C.S. Lee, H.L. Kwong, S.T. Lee, S.K. Wu, "A new family of red dopants based on chromene-containing compounds for organic electroluminescent devices", Chem. Mater. 13 (2001) 1565-1569.

86. B. X. Mi, Z. Q. Gao, C. S. Lee, H. L. Kwong, N. B. Wang, S. T. Lee, " Efficient green electroluminescence of pure chromaticity from a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon", J. Mater. Chem. 11 (2001) 2244-2247.

87. L.S. Liao, X.H. Sun, L.F. Cheng, N.B. Wong, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, "Ambient effect on the electronic structures of tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum films investigated by photoelectron spectroscopy",  Chem. Phys. Lett. 333 (2001) 212-216.

88. M.K. Fung, Z.Q. Gao, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, "Inhibition of dark spots growth in organicelectroluminescent devices," Chem. Phys. Lett. 333 (2001) 432-436.

89. T.C. Wong, J. Kovac, C.S. Lee, L.S. Hung, S.T. Lee, "Transient electroluminescence measurements on electron-mobility of N-arylbenzimidazoles, " Chem. Phys. Lett. 334 (2001) 61-64.

90. B.J. Chen, X.Q. Lin, Y.K. Li, L.F. Cheng, C.S. Lee, W.A. Gambling and S.T. Lee, “ Improvement of efficiency and color purity of red-dopant organic light emitting diodes by energy levels matching with host materials ”, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 34 (2001) 30-35.

91. M.W. Liu, X.H. Zhang, W.Y. Lai, X.Q. Lin, F.L. Wong, Z.Q. Gao, C.S. Lee, L.S. Hung, S.T. Lee, H.L. Kwong, "A new series of blue emitting pyrazine derivatives for organic electroluminescent devices", Phys. Status Solidi (a) 185 (2001) 203-211.

92. B.J. Chen, X.H. Zhang, X.Q. Lin, H.L. Kwong, N.B. Wong, C.S. Lee, W.A. Gambling and S.T. Lee, “ Improved color purity efficiency of blue organic light-emitting diodes via suppression of exciplex formation ”, Synthetic Metals 118 (2001) 193-196.

93. X.H. Zhang , O.Y. Wong, Z.Q. Gao, C.S. Lee, H.L. Kwong, S.T. Lee, S.K. Wu, "A new blue-emitting benzothiazole derivative for organic electroluminescent devices", Mat. Sci. Eng. B 85 (2001) 182-185.

94. L. S. Liao, L. F. Cheng, M. K. Fung, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, M. Inbasekaran, E. P. Woo, and W. W. Wu, " Oxygen effect on the interface formation between calcium and a polyfluorene film", Phys. Rev. B 62 Issue 15 (2000) 10004-10007.

95. X. M. Ding, L. M. Hung, L. F. Cheng, Z. B. Deng, X. Y. Hou, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee " Modification of the hole injection barrier in organic light-emitting devices studied by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy" Appl. Phys. Lett.76 No.19 (2000) 2704-2706.

96. C.J. Liang, D. Zhao, Z.R. Hong, D.X. Zhao, X.Y. Liu, W.L. Li, J.B. Peng, J.Q. Yu, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Improved performance of electroluminescent devices based on an europium complex", Appl. Phys. Lett.76 No.1 (2000) 67-69.

97. P. He, Frederick C. K. Au, Y. M. Wang, L. F. Cheng, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee "Direct evidence for interaction of magnesium with tris — 8-hydroxy-quinoline – aluminum" Appl. Phys. Lett.76 No.11 (2000) 1422-1424.

98. L.S. Liao, M.K. Fung, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, M. Inbasekaran, E.P. Woo and W.W. Wu, “ Electronic Structure and Energy Bandgap of Poly(9, 9-Dioctylfluroene) Investigated by Photoelectron Spectroscopy ”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 76 No. 24 (2000) 3582-3584.

99. Z.Q. Gao, w.Y. Lai, T.C. Wong, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, “ Response to “Comment on Organic electroluminescent devices by high-temperature processing and crystalline hole transporting layer’”, App. Phys. Letts. 77 No. 19  (2000) 3115.

100. L. S. Liao, M. K. Fung, L. F. Cheng, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, M. Inbasekaran, E. P. Woo, and W. W. Wu, "Improvement of interface formation between metal electrode and polymer film by polymer surface modification using ion sputtering", Appl. Phys. Lett.77 No.20 (2000) 3191-3193. 

101. L.F. Cheng, L.S. Liao, W.Y. Lai, X.H. Sun, N.B. Wong, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, "Effect of deposition rate on the morphology, chemistry and electroluminescence of tris-(8-hydroxyqiunoline) aluminum films", Chem. Phys. Lett. 319 (2000) 418-422.

102. X.H. Zhang, W.Y. Lai , Z.Q. Gao, T.C. Wong, C.S. Lee, H.L. Kwong , S.T. Lee, S.K. Wu, "Photoluminescence and electroluminescence of pyrazoline monomers and dimmers" Chem. Phys. Lett. 320 (2000) 77–80.

103. L.S. Liao, L.F. Cheng, M.K. Fung, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, M. Inbasekaran, E.P. Woo, W.W. Wu, "Interface formation between poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) and Ca electrode investigated using photoelectron spectroscopy", Chem. Phys. Lett. 325 (2000) 405-410.

104. R.Q. Zhang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Effect of charging on electronic structure of the Alq3 molecule: the identification of carrier transport properties", Chem. Phys. Lett. 326 (2000) 413-420.

105. B. J. Chen, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, Patrick Webb, Y. C. Chan , W. A. Gambling, H. Tian and W. H. Zhu  "Improved Time-of-Flight Technique for Measuring Carrier Mobility in Thin Films of Organic Electroluminescent Materials"  Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 39(2000) 1190-1192.

106. Z.Q. Gao, C.S. Lee, I.Bello, S.T. Lee, "White light electroluminescence from a hole-transporting layer of mixed organic materials", Syn. Metal  111-112 (2000) 39-42.

107. W.L. Li, Z.Q. Gao, Z.Y. Hong, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Blue electroluminescent devices made from a naphthyl-substituted benzidine derivative and rare earth metal chelates", Syn. Metal  111-112 (2000) 53-56.

108. X.H. Zhang, W.Y. Lai, T.C. Wong, Z.Q. Gao, Y.C. Jiang, S.K. Wu, H.L. Kwong, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "The effect of functional group substitution on the photoluminescence and electroluminescence of pyrazoline derivatives", Syn. Metal  114 (2000) 115-117.

109. C. J. Liang, Z. R. Hong, X. Y. Liu, D. X. Zhao, D. Zhao, W. L. Li, J. B. Peng, J. Q. Yu, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, " Organic electroluminescent devices using europium complex as an electron-transport emitting layer", Thin Solid Films. 359 (2000) 14-16.

110. B.J. Chen, Y.Q. Liu, C.S. Lee, G. Yu, S.T. Lee, H.Y. Li, W.A. Gambling, D.B. Zhu, H. Tian, W.H. Zhu, "Carrier transport and high-efficiency electroluminescence properties of copolymer thin films", Thin Solid Films. 363 (2000) 173-177.

111. D.X. Zhao, Z. Hong, C.J. Liang, D. Zhao, X.Y. Liu, W.L. Li, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, " Enhanced electroluminescence of europium(III) complex by terbium(III) substitution in organic light emitting diodes", Thin Solid Films. 363 (2000) 208-210.

112. X. H. Zhang, S. K. Wu, Z. Q. Gao, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee and H. -L. Kwong, " Pyrazoline derivatives for blue color emitter in organic electroluminescent devices", Thin Solid Films. 371 (2000) 40-46.

113. R. Q. Zhang, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, "The electronic structures and properties of Alq3 and NPB molecules in organic light emitting devices: Decompositions of density of states"," J. Chem. Phys 112, No. 19 (2000) 8614-8620.

114. L.F. Cheng, L.M. Hung, X.M. Ding, Z.Q. Gao, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Photoemission study of a new electroluminescent material: trimer of N-arylbenzimidazoles (TPBI)", Displays 21 (2000) 51-54.

115. Z.B. Deng, X.M. Ding, L.S. Liao, X.Y. Hou, S.T. Lee, "The interface analyses of inorganic layer for organic electroluminescent devices", Displays 21 (2000) 79-82.

116. H. Tian, J.H. Su, K.C. Chen, T. C. Wong, Z. Q. Gao, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, " Electroluminescent property and charge separation state of bis-naphthalimides", Optical Materials 14 (2000) 91-94.

117. X.M. Ding, L.M. Hung, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Vibrational structure of ultrathin 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum films studied by high-resolution electron-energy-loss spectroscopy", Phys. Review B Vol. 60 No. 19. (1999) 13291-13293.

118. R.Q. Zhang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Theory of the charge transport-properties of naphthyl diamine used in organic light emitting devices", Appl. Phys. Lett. 75 No.16 (1999) 2418-2420.

119. Z.Q. Gao, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Bright-blue electroluminescence from a silyl-substituted ter-(phenylene-vinylene) derivative", Appl Phys. Lett. 74 (1999) 865-867.

120. Z.Q. Gao, W.Y. Lai, T.C. Wong, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Organic electroluminescent devices by high-temperature processing and crystalline hole transporting layer", Appl. Phys. Lett. Vol 74 No.22 (1999) 3269-3271.

121. L.S. Liao, L.S. Hung, W.C. Chan, X.M. Ding, T.K. Sham, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Ion-beam induced surface damages on tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminium", Appl. Phys. Lett. 75 No.11 (1999) 1619-1621.

122. B.J. Chen, W. Y. Lai, Z. Q. Gao, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, and W. A. Gambling "Electron drift mobility and electroluminescent efficiency of tris(8-hydroxyquinolinolato) aluminum" Appl. Phys. Lett.  Vol. 75, No. 25 (1999) 4010-4012.

123. H.L. Kwong, N. B. Wong, B.X. Mi, Z.Q. Gao, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Reduction of molecular aggregation and its application to the high-performance blue perylene-doped organic electroluminescent device",  Appl. Phys. Lett. 75 No.11 (1999) 4055-4057.

124. L.S. Hung, L.S. Liao, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, "Sputtering deposition of cathodes in organic light emitting diodes", J. Appl. Phys. 86 No.8 (1999) 4607-4612.

125. Z.Q. Gao, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Blue organic electroluminescence of 1,3,5-Triaryl-2-Pyrazoline",Syn. Metals 105  (1999) 141-144.

126. W.Y. Lai, Z.Q. Gao, T.C. Wong, L.F. Cheng, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, X.H. Zhang and S.K. Wu,  "Reddish organic light electroluminescent device with DPP emitting layer", Physica Status Solidi A 173 (1999) 491-494.  

Nanoscience & Nanotechnology                                                                [back]

127. X. J. Zhang, X. H. Zhang, K. Zou, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, “Single-crystal nanoribbons, nanotubes, and nanowires from intramolecular charge-transfer organic molecules”, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 129, 3527-3532 (2007).

128. J. A. Zapien, Y. K. Liu, Y. Y. Shan, H. Tang, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, “Continuous near-infrared-to-ultraviolet lasing from II-VI nanoribbons”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 213114 (2007).   (May 2007)

129. X. Fan, X.M. Meng, X.H. Zhang, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Template fabrication of SiO2 nanotubes”,   Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 103114 (2007).

130. X. Fan, X.M. Meng, X.H. Zhang, W.S. Shi, W.J. Zhang, J.A. Zapien, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Dart-shaped tricrystal ZnS nanoribbons”, Angewandte Chemie International Edition 45, 2568-2571 (2006).  (April 2006).

131. Y.K. Liu, J.A. Zapien, Y.Y. Shen, C.Y. Geng, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Wavelength-control lasing in Zn_XCd_1-XS single-crystal nanoribbons”, Adv. Mater. 17, 1372-1377 (2005).   June 2005

132. X.J. Zhang, X.H. Zhang, W.S. Shi, X.M. Meng, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Morphology-controllable synthesis of pyrene nanostructures and its morphology dependence of optical properties”, J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 18777-18780 (2005).  (September 2005).

133. W.K. Wong, C.S. Lee, and S.T. Lee, “Uniform-diameter, aligned carbon nanotubes from microwave plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition”, J. Appl. Phys. 97, 084307 (1-6) (2005). April 2005

134. J.Q. Hu, Y. Zhang, X.M. Meng, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Temperature-dependent growth of germanium oxide and silicon oxide based nanostructures, aligned silicon oxide nanowire assemblies, and silicon oxide microtubes”, Small 1,  429-438 (2005). April 2005

135. X. M. Meng, N. G. Shang, C. S. Lee, I. Bello, S. T. Lee, “Fabrication and microstructures of Si composite nanocone arrays”, Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 202, 2479-2483 (2005).  (October 2005)

136. Y. K. Liu, J. A. Zapien, C. Y. Geng, Y. Y. Shan, C. S. Lee, Y. Lifshitz, and S. T. Lee, “High-quality CdS nanoribbons with lasing cavity”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 3241-3243 (2004).  (October 2004)

137. C. Geng, Y. Jiang, Y. Yao, X. Meng, J. A. Zapien, C. S. Lee, Y. Lifshitz, S. T. Lee, “Well-aligned ZnO nanowire arrays fabricated on silicon substrates”,  Adv. Funct. Mater.  14, 589-594 (2004). (June 2004)

138. Y. Jiang, X. M. Meng, W. C. Yiu, J. Liu, J. X. Ding, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “Zinc selenide nanoribbons and nanowires”, J. Phys. Chem. B. 108, 2784-2787 (2004).

139. D.D.D. Ma, C.S. Lee, F.C.K. Au, S.Y. Tong, S.T. Lee, “Small diameter silicon nanowire surface”, Science 299, 1874-1877 (2003). (March 2003)

140. Y. Jiang, X.M. Meng, J. Liu, Z.R. Hong, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “ZnS nanowires with wurtzite polytype modulated structure”, Adv. Mater. 15, 1195-1198 (2003). (July 2003)

141. C.Y. Liu, J. Antonio, Y. Yao, X.M. Meng, C.S. Lee, S.S. Fan, Y. Lifshitz, S.T. Lee, “High-density, ordered ultraviolet light-emitting ZnO nanowire arrays”, Adv. Mater. 15, 838-841 (2003). (May 2003)

142. Y. Jiang, X.-M. Meng, J. Liu, Z.-Y. Xie, C.-S. Lee, S.-T. Lee, “Hydrogen-Assisted Thermal Evaporation Synthesis of ZnS Nanoribbons on a Large Scale”, Adv. Mater.  15, 323-327 (2003). (February 2003)

143. J.Q. Hu, X.M. Meng, Y. Jiang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, “Fabrication of germanium-filled silica nanotubes and aligned silica nanofibers”, Adv. Mater.  15, 70-73 (2003).  (January 2003)

144. C.P. Li, C.S. Lee, X.L. Ma, N. Wang, R.Q. Zhang, S.T. Lee, “Growth direction and cross-sectional study of silicon nanowires”, Adv. Mater. 15, 607-609 (2003). (April 2003)

145. J. Liu, X.M. Meng, Y. Jiang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello, S.T. Lee, “Gallium nitride nanowires doped with silicon”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 4241-4243 (2003).  (November 2003)

146. C. H. Liu, W. C. Yiu, F. C. K. Au, J. X. Ding, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, “Electrical properties of zinc oxide nanowires and intramolecular p--n junctions”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 3168-3170 (2003). (October 2003)

147. X.-M. Meng, Y. Jiang, J. Liu, C.-S. Lee, I. Bello, and S.-T. Lee, “Synthesis and characterization of ZnS bicrystal nanoribbons”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 2244 -2246(2003).

148. X.M. Meng, J.Q. Hu, Y. Jiang, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Oxide-assisted growth and characterization of Ge/SiO[sub x] nanocables”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 2241-2243 (2003).

149. W.K. Wong, C.P. Li, F.C.K. Au, M.K. Fung, X.H. Sun, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, W. Zhu,  “Fabrication and characterization of pure and well-aligned carbon nanotubes using methane/nitrogen-ammonia plasma”, J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 1514-1517 (2003).  (January 2003)

150. J.Q. Hu, Q. Li, X.M. Meng, C.S. Lee, and S.T. Lee, “Thermal reduction route to the fabrication of coaxial Zn/ZnO nanocables and ZnO nanotubes” Chem. Mater. 15, 305-308 (2003).  (January 2003)

151. X. M. Meng, J. Liu, Y. Jiang, W. W. Chen, C. S. Lee, I. Bello and S. T. Lee, “Structure- and size-controlled ultrafine ZnS nanowires”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 382, 434-438 (2003). (December 2003)

152. Y.H. Tang, X.T. Zhou, Y.F. Hu, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee and T.K. Sham, “A soft X-ray absorption study of nanodiamond films prepared by hot-filament chemical vapor deposition”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 372, 320 –324 (2003). (April 2003)

153. X. M. Meng, J. Q. Hu, Y. Jiang, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “Boron nanowires synthesized by laser ablation at high temperature”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 370, 825 –828 (2003). (March 2003)

154. X.T. Zhou, J.Q. Hu, C.P. Li, D.D.D. Ma, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Silicon nanowires as chemical sensors”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 369, 220-224 (2003) February 2003. (February 2003)

155. J.Q. Hu 1, Y. Jiang, X.M. Meng, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “A simple large-scale synthesis of very long aligned silica nanowires”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 367, 339-347 (2003). (January 2003)

156. R. Q. Zhang, W. Y. Ma, K. L. Han and C. S. Lee, “A thermodynamic and kinetic study of the formation of C20 compounds encapsulating H, He and Ne atoms”, Theo. Chem. Account, 109, (5), 278-283 (June 4, 2003).

157. X.H. Sun, C.P. Li, N.B. Wong, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, B.K. Teo, “Templating effect of hydrogen-passivated silicon nanowires in the production of hydrocarbon nanotubes and nanoonions via sonochemical reactions with common organic solvents under ambient conditions”, J. Am. Chem. Soc.  124, 14856-14857 (2002). (November 2002)

158. X.H. Sun, C.P. Li, W.K. Wong, N.B. Wong, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, B.K. Teo, “Formation of silicon carbide nanotubes and nanowires via reaction of silicon (from disproportionation of silicon monoxide) with carbon nanotubes” J Am. Chem. Soc. 124, 14464-14471 (2002). (November 2002)

159. J.Q. Hu, Q. Li, X.M. Meng, C.S. Lee, and S.T. Lee, “Synthesis and “Nanostructuring” of Patterned Wires of a-GeO₂ by Thermal-Oxidation”, Adv. Mater. 14, 1396-1399 (2002). (October 2002)

160. N.G. Shang, F.Y. Meng, F.C.K. Au, Q. Li, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Fabrication and field emission of high-density silicon cone arrays", Adv. Mater. 14, 1308-1311 (2002). (September 2002)

161. C.P. Li, N. Wang, S.P. Wong, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, " Metal Silicide/Silicon Nanowires from Metal Vapor Vacuum Arc Implantation", Adv. Mater. 14, 218-221 (2002). (February 2002)

162. N. G. Shang, C. P. Li, W. K. Wong, C. S. Lee, I. Bello, and S. T. Lee, “Microstructure and field emission properties of coral-like carbon nanotubes”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 5024 (2002). (December 2002)

163. D. D. D. Ma, C. S. Lee, Y. Lifshitz, and S. T. Lee, “Periodic array of intramolecular junctions of silicon nanowires”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 3233-3235 (2002). (October 2002)

164. Y.H. Tang, T.K. Sham, A. Jurgensen, Y.F. Hu, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Phosphorus-doped silicon nanowires studied by near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 3709 (2002).

165. J.Z. He, J.B. Xu, M.S. Xu, Z. Xie, I.H. Wilson, X.L. Ma, Q. Li, N. Wang, L.S. Hung, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Dispersion, refinement, and manipulation of single silicon nanowires”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 1812-1814 (2002). (March 2002)

166. J.Q. Hu, Q. Li, X. M. Meng, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, “Synthesis of b-Ga₂O₃ Nanowires by Laser Ablation”, J. Phys. Chem. B 106, 9536-9539 (2002). (September 2002)

167. C.P. Li, X.H. Sun, N.B. Wong, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, and Boon K. Teo, “Silicon nanowires wrapped with Au film”, J. Phys. Chem. B. 106, 6980-6984 (2002). (July 2002)

168. J.Q. Hu, X.L. Ma, Z.Y. Xie, N.B. Wong, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, “Large scale rapid oxidation synthesis of SnO2 nanoribbons”, J. Phys. Chem. B 106, 3823-3826 (2002). (April 2002)

169. J. Q. Hu, Quan Li, N. B. Wong, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, “Synthesis of Uniform Hexagonal Prismatic ZnO Whiskers”, Chem. Mater. 14, 1216-1219 (2002). (March 2002)

170. X. H. Sun, R. Sammynaiken, S. J. Naftel, Y. H. Tang, P. Zhang, P.S. Kim, T. K. Sham, X. H. Fan, Y.F. Zhang, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, N.B. Wong, Y.F. Hu and K. H. Tan, “Ag nanostructures on a silicon nanowire template: preparation and x-ray absorption fine structure study at the Si K-edge and Ag L3,2-edge”, Chem. Mater. 14, 2519-2526 (2002). (June 2002)

171. Y. H. Tang, T. K. Sham, Y. F. Hu, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “Near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure study of helicity and defects in carbon nanotubes”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 366, 636-641 (2002).  (December 2002)

172. C. P. Li, X. H. Sun, N. B. Wong, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee and Boon K. Teo, “Ultrafine and uniform silicon nanowires grown with zeolites”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 365, 22-26 (2002). (28 October 2002).

173. H.Y. Peng, N. Wang, X.T. Zhou, Y.F. Zheng, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Control of growth orientation of GaN nanowires”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 359, 241-245 (2002). (20 June 2002)

174. N G Shang, F C K Au, X M Meng, C S Lee, I Bello, S T Lee, “Uniform carbon nanoflake films and their field emission”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 358, 187-191 (2002). (31 May 2002)

175. J. C. Li, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, “Direct growth of beta-SiC nanowires from SiOx thin films deposited on Si (1 0 0) substrate”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 355, 147-150 (2002).  (March 2002)

176. X.L. Ma, N.G. Shang, Q. Li, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Microstructural characterization of Si cones fabricated by Ar+-sputtering Si/Mo targets", J. Cryst. Growth 234, 654-659 (2002). (February 2002)

177. X. H. Sun, C. P. Li, N. B. Wong, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, “Reductive Growth of Nanosized Ligated Metal Clusters on Silicon Nanowires”, Inorg. Chem. 41, 4331-4336 (2002).  (August 2002)

178. J.Z. He, J.B. Xu, Z. Xie, M.F. Chiah, N. Ke, W.Y. Cheung, I.H. Wilson, X.L. Ma, Y.H. Tang, N. Wang, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Sample refinement and manipulation of silicon nanowires - A step towards single wire characterization”, Mater. Characterization 48, 177-181 (2002). (April 2002).

179. W.S. Shi, H.Y. Peng, N. Wang, C.P. Li, L. Xu, C.S. Lee, R. Kalish, S.T. Lee, “Free-standing single crystal silicon nanoribbons”, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 123 No. 44 (2001) 11095-11096.

180. H.Y. Peng, Z.W. Pan, L. Xu, X.H. Fan, N. Wang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Temperature dependence of Si nanowire morphology", Adv. Mater. 13 (2001) 317-320.

181. W.S. Shi, Y.F. Zheng, N. Wang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "A general synthetic route to III-IV compound semiconductor nanowires", Adv. Mater. 13 (2001) 591-594.

182. W.S. Shi, Y.F. Zheng, N. Wang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Oxide-assisted growth and optical characterization of gallium-arsenide nanowires," Appl. Phys. Letts. 78 (2001) 3304-3306.

183. Y. H. Tang, X. H. Sun, F. C. K. Au, L. S. Liao, H. Y. Peng, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, T.K. Sham, " Microstructure and field-emission characteristics of boron-doped Si nanoparticle chains", Appl. Phys. Letts. 79 (2001) 1673-1675.

184. D.D.D. Ma, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, " Scanning tunneling microscopic study of boron-doped silicon nanowires", Appl. Phys. Letts. 79 (2001) 2468-2470.

185. Y. H. Tang, P. Zhang, P. S. Kim, and T. K. Sham, Y. F. Hu, X. H. Sun and N. B. Wong, M. K. Fung, Y. F. Zheng, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, "Amorphous carbon nanowires investigated by near-edge-x-ray-absorption-fine-structures", Appl. Phys. Letts. 79 (2001) 3773-3775.

186. Z. W. Pan, Frederick C. K. Au, H. L. Lai, W. Y. Zhou, L. F. Sun, Z. Q. Liu, D. S. Tang, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, and S. S. Xie, " Very Low-Field Emission from Aligned and Opened Carbon Nanotube Arrays", J. Physical Chemistry B 105 (2001) 1519-1522.

187. X H Fan, L. Xu, C P Li, Y F Zheng, C S Lee, S T Lee, "Effects of ambient pressure on silicon nanowires growth", Chem. Phys. Lett 334 (2001) 229-232.

188. Z. Zhang, X.H. Fan, L. Xu, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, "Morphology and growth mechanism study of self-assembled silicon nanowires synthesized by thermal evaporation", Chem. Phys. Letts. 337(2001) 18-24.

189. Y.H. Tang, Y.F. Zheng, C.S. Lee, N. Wang, S.T. Lee, T.K. Sham, "Carbon monoxide-assisted growth of carbon nanotubes", Chem. Phys. Letts. 342(2001) 259-264.

190. J. Q. Hu, X. L. Ma, Z. Y. Xie, N. B. Wong, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, " Characterization of zinc oxide crystal whiskers grown by thermal evaporation", Chem. Phys. Letts. 344 (2001) 97-100.

191. W S Shi, Y F Zheng, N. Wang, C S Lee, S T Lee, "Microstructures of gallium nitride nanowires synthesized by oxide-assisted method". Chem. Phys. Letts. 345 (2001) 377-380.

192. H. Y. Peng, N. Wang, W. S. Shi, Y. F. Zhang, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, "Bulk-quantity Si nanosphere chains prepared from semi-infinite length Si nanowires", J. Appl Phys. 89 (2001) 727-731.

193. X. H. Sun, H. Y. Peng, Y. H. Tang, W. S. Shi, N. B. Wong, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee and T.K. Sham, " Surface reactivity of Si nanowires", J. Appl Phys. 89 (2001) 6396-6399.

194. W.S. Shi, Y.F. Zheng, H.Y. Peng, N. Wang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Laser ablation synthesis and optical characterization of silicon carbide nanowires", J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 83 (2001) 3228-3230.

195. Y.H. Tang, Y.F. Zhang, N. Wang, W.S. Shi, C.S. Lee, I. Bello, S.T. Lee, " Si nanowires synthesized from silicon monoxide by laser ablation", J. Vac. Sci. & Tech. B 19 (2001) 317-319.

196. W. S. Shi, Y. F. Zheng, N. Wang, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, " Synthesis and microstructure of gallium phosphide nanowires", J. Vac. Sci. & Tech. B 19 (2001) 1115-1118.

197. S. Jin, Q. Li, C.S. Lee, "Direct growth of amorphous silicon oxide nanowires and crystalline silicon nanowires from silicon wafer", Phys. Stat. Sol. A. 188 (2001) R1-R2.

198. Z.W. Pan, H.L. Lai, Frederick C.K. Au, X.F. Duan, W.Y. Zhou, W.S. Shi, N. Wang, C.S. Lee, N.B. Wong, S.T. Lee and S.S. Xie, "Oriented silicon carbide nanowires: synthesis and field emssion properties", Adv. Mat.  12 No. 16 (2000) 1186-1190.

199. W.S. Shi, H.Y. Peng, Y.F. Zheng, N. Wang, N.G. Shang, Z.W. Pan, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, “Synthesis of large areas of highly oriented, very long silicon nanowires”, Adv. Mater. 12  (2000) 1343-1345.

200. Y.F. Zhang, Y.H. Tang, N. Wang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Germanium nanowires sheathed with an oxide layer", Phys. Rev. B 61, Issue 7 (2000) 4518-4521.

201. H.L. Lai, N.B. Wong, X.T. Zhou, H.Y. Peng, Frederick C.K. Au, N. Wang, I. Bello, C.S. Lee, S. T. Lee and X.F. Duan, "Straight b-SiC nanorods synthesized by using C-Si-SiO₂," Appl. Phys. Lett. 76 No. 3 (2000) 294-296.

202. H.Y. Peng, N. Wang, Y.F. Zheng, Y. Lifshitz, J. Kulik, R.Q. Zhang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Smallest diameter carbon nanotubes", Appl. Phys. Lett 77 No.18 (2000) 2831-2833.

203. Y.F. Zhang, Y.H. Tang, Y. Zhang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, “Deposition of carbon nanotubes on Si nanowires by chemical vapor deposition”, Chem. Phys. Letts. 330 (2000) 48-52.

204. X.T. Zhou, H.L. Lai, H.Y. Peng, Frederick C.K. Au, L.S. Liao, N. Wang, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Thin b-SiC nanorods and their field emission properties", Chem. Phy. Lett. 318 (2000) 58-62.

205. Y.F. Zhang, Y.H. Tang, X.F. Duan, Y. Zhang, C.S. Lee, N. Wang, I. Bello, S.T. Lee, "Yttrium–barium–copper–oxygen nanorods synthesized by laser ablation", Chem. Phy. Lett. 323 (2000) 180-184.

206. H.Y. Peng, X.T. Zhou, N. Wang, Y.F. Zheng, L.S. Liao, W.S. Shi, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Bulk-quantity GaN nanowires synthesized from hot filament CVD”, Chem. Phys. Lett.327 (2000) 263-270.

207. Y.H. Tang, Y.F. Zheng, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “A simple route to annihilate defects in silicon nanowires”, Chem. Phys. Lett. 328 (2000) 346-349.

208. X. T. Zhou, R. Q. Zhang, H. Y. Peng, N. G. Shang, N. Wang, I. Bello, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, "Highly efficient and stable photoluminescence from silicon nanowires coated with SiC", Chem. Phys. Lett. 332 (2000) 215-218.

209. S.T. Lee, N. Wang, C.S. Lee, "Semiconductor nanowires: synthesis, structure and properties", Mat.  Sci. & Eng. A 286 (2000) 16–23.

210. X.T. Zhou, N. Wang, Frederick C.K. Au, H.L. Lai, H.Y. Peng, I. Bello, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, "Growth and emission properties of b-SiC nanorods", Mat.  Sci. & Eng. A 286 (2000) 119–124.

211. C. Lam, Y.F. Zhang, Y.H. Tang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, “ Large scale synthesis of ultrafine Si nanoparticles by ball milling”, J. of Crystal Growth 220 (2000) 466-470.

212. Y.F. Zhang, Y.H. Tang, C. Lam, N. Wang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello, S.T. Lee, “Bulk-quantity Si nanowires synthesized by SiO sublimation”, J. of Crystal Growth 212 (2000) 115-118.

213. Y.F. Zhang, Y.H. Tang, H.Y. Peng, N. Wang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Diameter modification of silicon nanowires by ambient gas", Appl. Phys. Lett.75, No. 13 (1999)1842-1844.

214. K.W. Wong, X.T. Zhou, Frederick C.K. Au, H.L. Lai, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Field emission characteristics of SiC nanowires prepared by chemical vapour deposition", Appl. Phys. Lett. 75 No. 19(1999) 2918-2920.

215. X.T. Zhou, N. Wang, H.L. Lai, H.Y. Peng, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, " b -SiC nanorods synthesized by hot filament chemical vapor deposition", Appl. Phys. Lett.  74 (1999) 3942-3944.

216. Y.H. Tang, Y.F. Zhang, N. Wang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Germanium dioxide whiskers by laser ablation", Appl. Phys. Lett.  74 No.24 (1999) 3824-3826.

217. Y.H. Tang, N. Wang, Y.F. Zhang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Synthesis and characterization of amorphous carbon nanowires", Appl. Phys. Lett. 75 No. 19(1999) 2921-2923.

218. N. Wang, Y.H. Tang, Y.F. Zhang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Si nanowires grown from silicon oxide", Chem. Phy. Lett. 299 (1999) 237-242.

219. Y.H. Tang, Y.F. Zhang, H.Y. Peng, N. Wang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, “Si nanowires synthesized by laser ablation of mixed SiC and SiO₂ powders”, Chem. Phys. Lett.  314, Issues 1-2, 26  (1999) 16-20.

220. Y.H. Tang, Y.F. Zhang, N. Wang, C.S. Lee, X.D. Han, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Morphology of Si nanowires synthesized by high temperature laser ablation", J. Appl. Phys. 85 No.11 (1999) 7981-7983.

221. Y.F. Zhang, Y.H. Tang, N. Wang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "One-dimensional growth mechanism of crystalline nanowires", J. Crystal Growth 197 (1999) 136-140.

222. S.T. Lee, Y.F. Zhang, N. Wang, Y.H. Tang, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and Y.W. Chung, "Semiconductor nanowires from oxides", J.  Mater. Res. 14 No. 12 (1999) 4503-4507.

223. N. Wang, Y.H. Tang, Y.F. Zhang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Nucleation and growth of Si nanowires from silicon-oxide", Physical Review B 58 (1998) R16024-26.

224. D.P Yu, X.S Sun, C.S Lee, I. Bello, S.T. Lee, H.D Gu, K.M Leung, G.W Zhou, Z.F Dong and Z. Zhang, "Synthesis of boron nitride nanotubes by means of excimer laser ablation at high temperature", Appl. Phys. Lett. 72 No.16 (1998) 1966-1968.

225. N. Wang, Y.F. Zhang, Y.H. Tang, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "SiO2-enhanced synthesis of Si nanowires by laser ablation", Appl. Phys. Lett. 73 (1998) 3902-3904.

226. Y. F., Zhang, Y. H. Tang, N. Wang, D. P. Yu, C. S. Lee, I. Bello, and S. T. Lee, "Silicon nanowires prepared by laser ablation at high temperature", Appl. Phys. Lett. 72 No.15 (1998) 1835-1837.

227. N.Wang, Y.H.Tang, Y.F.Zhang, D.P.Yu, C.S.Lee, I.Bello, S.T.Lee, “Transmission electron microscopy evidence of the defect structure in Si nanowires synthesised by laser ablation”, Chem. Phy. Letters 283, (1998) 368-372.

Diamond and Related Materials                                                                [back]

226. X. M. Meng, W. J. Zhang, C. Y. Chan, C. S. Lee, I. Bello, and S. T. Lee, “Surface microstructure analysis of cubic boron nitride films by transmssion electron microscopy”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 031904-(1-3) (2006).  (January 2006)

227. Z.F. Zhou, K.Y. Li, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, “Study of tribological performance of ECR–CVD diamond-like carbon coatings on steel substrates: Part 2. The analysis of wear mechanism”, Wear 258, 1589-1599 (2005).  (May 2005)

228. K.Y. Li, Z.F. Zhou, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, “Study of tribological performance of ECR–CVD diamond-like carbon coatings on steel substrates: Part 1. The effect of processing parameters and operating conditions”, Wear 258, 1577-1588 (2005).    (May 2005)

229. Y.H. Tang, X.T. Zhou, Y.F. Hu, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, T.K. Sham, “A soft X-ray absorption study of nanodiamond films prepared by hot-filament chemical vapor deposition”, Chem. Phys. Letts. 372, 320 –324 (2003). (April 2003)

230. X. T. Zhou, X. M. Meng, F. Y. Meng, Quan Li, I. Bello, W. J. Zhang, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee and Y. Lifshitz, “Formation and structure of a-C/nanodiamond composite films by prolonged bias enhanced nucleation”, Diamond & Related Mater 12, 1640-1646 (2003)  (October – November 2003)

231. R.Q. Zhang, M.Y. Ma, K.L. Han, C.S. Lee, “A thermodynamic and kinetic study of the formation of C-20 compounds encapsulating H, He and Ne atoms”, Theoretical Chemistry Accounts 109, 278-283 (2003) (June 2003).

232. X. T. Zhou, Q. Li, F. Y. Meng, I. Bello, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, and Y. Lifshitz, “Manipulation of the equilibrium between diamond growth and renucleation to form a nanodiamond/amorphous carbon composite”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 3307 (2002). (May 2002)

233. D.D.D. Ma, Y.G. Wang, Li Lu, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Negative differential resistance in the scanning-tunneling spectroscopy of diamond films", Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 1231 (2002).

234. N. G. Shang, F. Y. Meng, C. Y. Chan, Q. Li, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee and I. Bello, “Diamond Grown on Steel Via In-Situ Formed Interlayers”, Int. J. Modern Phys. B 16, 881-886 (2002). (March 2002)

235. N.G. Shang, Z.F. Zhou, C.S. Lee, I. Bello, and S.T. Lee "Effect of ion beam nitriding on diamond nucleation and growth onto steel substrates", Diam. Relat. Mater. 10 (2001) 1506-1510.

236. J. Qi, J.B. Luo, S.Z. Wen, C.S. Lee, I.Bello and S.T. Lee "Mechanical properties of a-C:H multiplayer films", Diam. Relat. Mater. 10 (2001) 1833-1838.

237. R.F. Huang, C.S. Lee, C.Y. Chan, J. Gong, K.H. Lai, C.H. Lee, K.Y. Li, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "We ar-resistant multilayered diamond-like carbon coating prepared by pulse biased arc ion plating", Diam. Relat. Mater. 10 (2001) 1850-1854.

238. K.Y. Li, Z.F. Zhou, I. Bello, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee,  "Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Diamond-like Carbon Films Prepared on Steel by ECR-CVD Process", Diam. Relat. Mater. 10 (2001) 1855-1861.

239. K. H. Lai, C. Y. Chan, M. K. Fung, I. Bello, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, "Mechanical Properties of DLC Films Prepared in Acetylene Plasma and Methane Plasma Using an Electron Cyclotron Resonance Microwave Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition System", Diam. Relat. Mater. 10 (2001) 1862-1867.

240. Q. Li, Z. F. Zhou, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee and I. Bello, "Synthesis and characterization of cubic boron nitride films: substrate bias and ion flux effects", Diam. Relat. Mater. 10 (2001) 1886-1891.

241. X. T. Zhou, S. X. Sun, H. Y. Peng, N. Wang, C. S. Lee, I. Bello and S. T. Lee, " Epitaxial growth of -SiC on Si (100) by low energy ion beam deposition", Diam. Relat. Mater. 10 (2001) 1927-1931.

242. J. Qi, K. H. Lai, I. Bello, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, J. B. Luo, S.Z. Wen, "Fracture Resistance Enhancement of Diamond-like Carbon/Nitrogenated Diamond-like carbon Multilayer Deposited by Electron Cyclotron Resonance Microwave Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition", J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 19 (2001) 130-135.

243. C. Y. Chan, K. H. Lai, M. K. Fung, W. K. Wong, I. Bello, R. F. Huang, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, and S.P. Wong, " Deposition and properties of tetrahedral amorphous carbon films prepared on magnetic hard disks", J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 19 (2001) 1606-1610.

244. M.K. Lei, Quan Li, Z.F. Zhou, I. Bello, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, "Characterization and optical investigation of BCN film deposited by RF magnetron sputtering", Thin Solid Films 389 (2001) 194-199.

245. J. Qi, C. Y. Chan, I. Bello, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, J. B. Luo and S. Z. Wen, " Film thickness effects on mechanical and tribological properties of nitrogenated diamond-like carbon films", Surf. Coat. Tech. 145 (2001) 38-43.

246. S.T. Lee, H.Y. Peng, X.T. Zhou, N. Wang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello, Y. Lifshitz, "A Nucleation site and mechanism leading to epitaxial growth of diamond films", Science 287 (2000) 104-106.

247. W. J. Zhang, X. S. Sun, H. Y. Peng, N. Wang, C. S. Lee, I. Bello, and S. T. Lee, " Diamond nucleation enhancement by direct low-energy ion-beam deposition", Phys. Rev. B 61 Issue 8 (2000) 5579-5586.

248. X. T. Zhou, H. L. Lai, H. Y. Peng, C. Sun, W. J. Zhang, N. Wang, I. Bello, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee " Heteroepitaxial nucleation of diamond on Si (100) via double bias-assisted hot filament chemical vapor deposition", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 9 (2000) 134-139.

249. M.K. Fung, K. H. Lai, H.L. Lai, C.Y. Chan, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Diamond-like                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    carbon coatings applied to hard disks", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 9 (2000) 815-818.

250. J.Y. Feng, N.G. Shang, X.S. Sun, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Microcrystalline diamond films by direct ion beam deposition", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 9 (2000) 872-876.

251. N. G. Shang, C. S. Lee, Z. D. Lin, I. Bello and S. T. Lee, "Intrinsic stress evolution in diamond films prepared in a CH4---H2---NH3 hot filament chemical vapor deposition system", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 9 (2000) 1388-1392.

252. R.Q. Zhang, K.L Han, R.S. Zhu, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Ab initio/RRKM approach to carbon nitride formation: CH3NH2 decomposition", Chem. Phys. Lett. 321 (2000) 101-105.

253. C. Sun, W.J. Zhang, N. Wang, C.Y. Chan, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Crystal morphology and phase purity of diamond crystallites during bias enhanced nucleation and initial growth stages", J. of Appl. Phys. 88 (2000) 3354-3360.

254. M. K. Fung, K. H. Lai, C. Y. Chan, I. Bello, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee, D. S. Mao and X. Wang, "Mechanical properties and corrosion studies of amorphous carbon on magnetic disks prepared by ECR plasma technique", Thin Solid Films 368 (2000) 198-202.

255. I. Bello, M. K. Fung, W. J. Zhang, K. H. Lai, Y. M. Wang, Z. F. Zhou, R. K. W. Yu, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, " Effects at reactive ion etching of CVD diamond", Thin Solid Films 368 (2000) 222-226.

256. Z.F. Zhou, I. Bello, V. Kremnican, M.K. Fung, K.H. Lai, K.Y. Li, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Formation of cubic boron nitride films on nickel substrates", Thin Solid Films 368 (2000) 292-296.

257. R.Q. Zhang, T.S. Chu, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "A theoretical study on the interactions of hydrogen spices with various carbon and boron nitride phases, " J. Phys. Chem. B. 104 (2000) 6761-6766.

258. X. T. Zhou, S. T. Lee, I. Bello, A. C. Cheung, D. S. Chiu, Y. W. Lam, C. S. Lee, K. M. Leung and X. M. He, "Physical properties of a-C:H films prepared by electron cyclotron resonance microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition",  Mat. Sci & Eng. B 77 (2000) 229-234.

259. X. T. Zhou, S. T. Lee, I. Bello, A. C. Cheung, D. S. Chiu, Y. W. Lam, C. S. Lee, K. M. Leung and X. M. He, " Deposition and properties of a-C:H films on polymethyl methacrylate by electron cyclotron resonance microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition method", Surface and Coatings Technology 123 (2000) 273-277.

260. Z. F. Zhou, I. Bello, M. K. Lei, K. Y. Li, C. S. Lee and S. T. Lee, " Synthesis and characterization of boron carbon nitride films by radio frequency magnetron sputtering", Surface and Coatings Technology 128-129 (2000) 334-340.

261. R. Q. Zhang, T. S. Chu, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, "The Effects of Hydrogen Etching on Different Carbon and Boron Nitride Phases" Chemical Vapor Deposition, Volume 6, Issue 5, (2000) 227-230.

262. H.K. Woo, C.S. Lee, I. Bello, S. T. Lee, "Growth of epitaxial b-SiC films on silicon using solid graphite and silicon sources", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 8 (1999) 1737-1740.

263. W.C. Chan, M.K. Fung, I. Bello, C.S. Lee, S. T. Lee, "Nitrogenated amorphous carbon films synthesized by electron cyclotron resonance plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition", Dia. & Relat. Mat.8 (1999) 1732-1736.

264. X.S. Sun, N. Wang, H.K. Woo, W. J. Zhang, G. Yu,  I. Bello, C.S. Lee, S. T. Lee, "The effect of ion bombardment on the nucleation of CVD diamond", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 8 (1999) 1414-1417.

265. C. Sun, W.J. Zhang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello, S. T. Lee, "Nucleation of diamond films by ECR-enhanced microwave plasma chemical vapour deposition", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 8 (1999) 1410-1413.

266. M.K. Fung, W.C. Chan, Z.Q. Gao, I. Bello, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, "Effect of nitrogen incorporation into diamond-like carbon films by ECR-CVD", Diamond & Related Materials 8 (1999) 472-476.

267. X.S. Sun, H.K. Woo, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Mechanistic study of ion induced diamond nucleation", Dia. & Relat. Mat. 8 (1999) 48-51.

268. Y.F. Zhang, Y.H. Tang, C.S. Lee, N. Wang, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Nanocrystalline C-BN synthesized by mechanical alloying", Dia. & Relat. Mater. 8(1999) 610-613.

269. J.W. Sun, Y.F. Zhang, G.H. Chen, W.M. Liu, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Amorphous CNx films prepared by electrochemical deposition", Materials. Lett. 38 (1999) 98-102.

270. W.J. Zhang, C. Sun, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "A new nucleation method by ECR enhanced microwave plasma CVD for deposition of (001)-oriented diamond films", J. Chem. Phys. 110 (1999) 4616-4618.

271. W.J. Zhang, C. Sun, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Bias-assisted etching of polycrystalline diamond films in hydrogen, oxygen and argon microwave plasma", J. Vac. Sci. Tech. A Vol. 17 No.3 (1999) 763-767.

272. X. M. He, S.T. Lee, I. Bello, A.C. Cheung, W.Z. Li, D.S. Chiu, Y.W. Lam, C.S. Lee, K.M. Leung and X.T. Zhou, "Characterization and optical investigation of diamond-like  carbon prepared by electron cyclotron resonance plasma", J. Mater. Res. Vol 14 No.4 (1999) 1617-1625.

273. X.S. Sun, N. Wang, W.J. Zhang, H.K. Woo, X.D. Han, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Synthesis of nanocrystalline diamond by the direct ion beam deposition method", J. Mater. Res. 14 No. 8 (1999) 3204-3206.

274. Y.F. Zhang, Y.H. Tang, C.S. Lee, N. Wang, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Laser ablation behavior of a granulated Si target",  J. of Mat. Sci. Lett. Vol 18 No.2 (1999) 123-125.

275. X.S. Sun, W.J. Zhang, N. Wang, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Formation of crystalline diamond by ion beam deposition", J. Non-Crystall. Solids No. 254(1999)174-179.

276. W.C. Chan, M.K. Fung, K.H. Lai, I. Bello, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Mechanical properties of amorphous carbon nitride films synthesized by electron cyclotron resonance microwave plasma chemical vapour deposition", J. of Non-Crystalline Solids  No. 254 (1999)180-185.

277. M.K. Fung, W.C. Chan, K.H. Lai, I. Bello, C.S. Lee, N.B. Wong and S.T. Lee, "Deposition of ultra-thin diamond-like carbon protective coating on magnetic disks by electron cyclotron resonance plasma technique", J. of Non-Crystalline Solids No.254 (1999) 167-173.

278. X.T. Zhou, S.T. Lee, I. Bello, A.C. Cheung, D.S. Chiu, Y.W. Lam, C.S. Lee, K.M. Leung and X.H. He, "Deposition and properties of a-C:H films on PMMA by electron cyclotron resonance microwave plasma chemical vapour deposition method", Surf. Coating & Technol. No. 123 (2000) 273-277.

279. H.K. Woo, C. S. Lee, I. Bello, S. T. Lee, K.W. Wong and N.B. Wong, "Oriented diamond growth on silicon (111) using a solid carbon source", J. Appl. Phys. 83 No.8 (1998) 4187-4192.

280. C. Sun, W.J. Zhang, J. Yang, C.S. Lee, I. Bello and S.T. Lee, "Nucleation enhancement of diamond via electron cyclotron resonance plasma", Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 38 (1999) L65-67.

281. H.K. Woo, C. S. Lee, I. Bello and S. T. Lee, "Epitaxial growth of b-SiC on silicon by bias-assisted hot filament chemical vapor deposition from solid graphite and silicon sources", J. Mater. Res. 13 No.7 (1998) 1738-1740.

282. W.C. Chan, B.Z. Zhou, Y.W. Chung, C.S. Lee and S.T. Lee, "Synthesis, composition, surface roughness and mechanical properties of thin nitrogenated carbon films", J. Vac. Sci. & Techno. A16 No.3 Part 2 (1998) 1907.

Others                                                                 [back]

283. C.S. Lee, W.T. Hui and B.J. Duggan, "Macroscopic shear bands in cross rolled alpha-brass", Scripta Metall. Mater., 24, 757-762, (1990).

284. C.S. Lee, and B.J. Duggan, "A simple theory for the development of inhomogeneous rolling textures", Metall. Trans. A, 22, 2637-2643, (1991).

285. C.S. Lee, and B.J. Duggan, "A catastrophic yield theory of shear band formation in alpha-brass", Textures and Microstructures, 14-18, 965-970, (1991).

286. B.J. Duggan, and C.S. Lee, "Deformation banding, original grain size and recrystallisation in FCC intermediate-to-high SFE metals", Scripta Metall. Mater., 27, 1503-1507, (1992).

287. B.J. Duggan, K. Lücke, G. Köhlhoff and C.S. Lee, "On the origin of cube texture in copper", Acta Metall. Mater., 41, 1921-1927, (1993).

288. B.J. Duggan, K. Lücke, G. Köhlhoff and C.S. Lee, "Studies of annealing in cold rolled copper", Materials Science Forum, 113-115, 121-126, (1993).

289. C.S. Lee, B.J. Duggan and R.E. Smallman, "A theory of deformation banding in cold rolling", Acta Metall. Mater., 41, 2265-70, (1993).

290. C.S. Lee, and B.J. Duggan, "Deformation banding and copper-type rolling textures", Acta Metall. Mater., 41, 2691-99, (1993).

291. C.S. Lee, B.J. Duggan and R.E. Smallman, "Deformation banding and its influence on deformation textures formation", J. de Physique IV, 3, 2027-2032, (1993).

292. C.S. Lee, B.J. Duggan and R.E. Smallman, "The formation of cube volumes in cold rolled fcc metals", J. de Physique IV, 3, 2043-2046, (1993).

293. C.S. Lee, B.J. Duggan and R.E. Smallman, "Deformation banding in copper", Phil. Mag. Lett., 68, 185-190, (1993).

294. C.S. Lee, and B.J. Duggan, "Studies on the sharpness of simulated deformation textures", Scripta Metall. Mater., 28, 121-126, (1993).

295. C.S. Lee, R.E. Smallman and B.J. Duggan, "The formation of cube-oriented material and its surrounding in cold rolled FCC metals", Scripta Metall. Mater., 29, 43-48, (1993).

296. B.J. Duggan, C.S. Lee and R.E. Smallman, "Deformation banding and its influence on high SFE FCC rolling texture development", Materials Science Forum, 157-162, 1167-1174, (1994).

297. B.J. Duggan, C.S. Lee and R.E. Smallman, "On the inhomogeneous rolling texture transition", Materials Science Forum, 157-162, 659-664, (1994).

298. B.J. Duggan, C.S. Lee and R.E. Smallman, "A new theory of the FCC rolling texture transition", Materials Science Forum, 157-162, 1759-1764, (1994).

299. C.S. Lee, and B.J. Duggan, "A dislocation avalanche theory of shear banding", Acta Metall. Mater., 42, 857-860, (1994).

300. C.S. Lee, R.E. Smallman and B.J. Duggan, "Effect of rolling geometry and surface friction on cube texture formation", Mater. Sci. Tech., 10, 149-154, (1994).

301. C.S. Lee, and B.J. Duggan, "Modified theory of rolling texture development in alpha-brass", Mater. Sci. Tech., 10, 154-161, (1994).

302. C.S. Lee, R.E. Smallman and B.J. Duggan, "Deformation banding and the formation of cube volumes in cold rolled FCC metals", Mater. Sci. Tech., 10, 862-868, (1994).

303. R.E. Smallman, and C.S. Lee, "Advances in the theory of deformation and recrystallisation texture formation", Mater. Sci. Engg. A, 184, 97-112, (1994).
     C.S. Lee, R.E. Smallman and B.J. Duggan, "A simplified criterion for deformation banding applied to deformation texture simulation", Scripta Metall. Mater., 33, 727-733, (1995).

304. C. Huang, J.K.L. Lai and C.S. Lee, "High temperature compression of Ti3Al-Nb-V-5Mo alloy", Mater. Sci. Engg. A., 215, 143-149, (1996).

305. C.S. Lee, C.F. Lee and R.E. Smallman, "Texture and microstructure of compressed copper", Textures and Microstructures, 26-27, 137-147, (1996).

306. J. Sun, C.S. Lee and J.K.L. Lai, "TEM observations of superlattice intrinsic stacking faults in polycrystalline Ni74.5Pd2Al23.5", Physica Status Solidi (a), 158, 369-376, (1996).

307. J. Sun, C.S. Lee and J.K.L. Lai, "Deformation microstructure of Ni3Al intermetallic compound macroalloyed with Pd", Materials Letters, 31, 4-1, (1997).

308. J. Sun, C.S. Lee and J.K.L. Lai, "The Antiphase-bounary energies of L12 ordered Ni74.5Pd2Al23.5 alloy", Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 28, 1093-1095, (1997).

309. J. Sun, C.S. Lee and G.X. Hu, "The dependence of tensile behaviour of L12 compound Al67Ti25Mn8 on the strain rate at 1173K", Scripta Mater., 37, 645-650, (1997).

310. L.Q. Chen, Y.X. Lu, C.S. Lee, J. Bi and R.K.Y. Li, "Mechanical properties and textures of particulate-reinforced aluminium alloy matrix composite under hot- and cold-rolling conditions", Textures and Microstructures, 31, 43-52, (1998).

311. G.W. Han, C.S. Lee, D. Feng, J.K.L. Lai, "A mechanical model for embrittlement of polycrystalline Ni3Al", Scripta Mater., 38, 653-659, (1998).
     C. Huang, J.K.L. Lai and C.S. Lee, "Deformation characteristics of Ti-24Al-14Nb-3V-0.5Mo alloy during hot compression", J. Mater. Process. Tech., 73, 119-124, (1998).

312. C.S. Lee, F.C. Ng and K.C. Lee, "The effect of rolling geometry on the distribution of deformed cube structure and its recrystallisation kinetics", Mater. Sci. Engg. A., 257, 198-203, (1998).

313. K.C. Lee, Y.P. Zeng and C.S. Lee, "Influence of external constraint on deformation banding of copper single crystals of {110}<uvw> orientations", Scripta Mater., 40, 197-202, (1998).

314. Y.X. Lu, C.S. Lee, X.M. Meng, R.K.Y. Li and J. Bi, "The effect of particle size on the failure mechanism of SiC/2024Al composites", Physica Status Solidi (a), 169, R3, (1998).

315. Y.X. Lu, X.M. Meng, C.S. Lee, R.K.Y. Li and C.G. Huang, "Failure mechanisms of a SiC particles / 2024Al composite under dynamic loading", Physica Status Solidi (a), 169, 49, (1998).

Book Chapters                                                                [back]

1.       M.K. Fung, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, “Chapter 5 - Metal/Polymer Interface Studies for Organic Light-Emitting Devices” (p181-214) in Organic Light-Emitting Devices — Synthesis, Properties, and Applications, (2005) edited by K. Müllen, U. Scherf,  Publisher: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

2.       L.S. Liao, C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, M. Inbasekaran and W.W. Wu, "Metal/polyfluorene interface and surface: structures and stability"  in "Conjugated Polymer and Molecular Interfaces: Science and Technology for Photonic and Optoelectronic Applications", (2002)

Patents                                                                [back]

• Organic Light Emitting Diodes
  1. S. T. Lee, C. S. Lee and Z. Q. Gao, "White and colored organic electroluminescent devices using single emitting material by novel color change technique", US Patent no. 6,521,360, 18 February 2003.
  2. S.T. Lee, C.S. Lee, L.S. Hung, M.X. Mi, Z.Q. Gao, "Organic electroluminescent elements", US Patent no.  6,613,458, 2 September 2003.
  3. S. T. Lee, C. S. Lee, P. F. Wang, Z. Y. Xie, “Electroluminescent Devices”, US Patent No. 6,833,202,  21 December 2004.
  4. S.T. Lee, C.S. Lee, P.F. Wang, Z.Y. Xie, “Organic electroluminescent devices using pyrazolo[3,4b]quinoxaline derivatives”, US Patent No. 6,861,162, 1 March 2005.
  5. S.T. Lee, X. Jiang, C.S. Lee, F.L. Wong, “High-quality aluminum-doped zinc oxide layer als transparent conductive electrode for organic light-emitting devices”,  US Patent 6,917,158 B2, 12 July 2005.
  6. S.T. Lee, C.S. Lee, L.S. Hung, B.X. Mi, Z.Q. Gao, “Red-emitting organic electroluminescent elements”, US Patent 7,037,600 B2, 2 May 2006.
  7. S.T. Lee, C.S. Lee, P.F. Wang, B.X. Mi, “Electroluminescent devices”, US Patent application no. 10/357, 616 (March 2003). - pending
  8. S.T. Lee, C.S. Lee, S.L. Lai, M.Y. Chan, “Organic electroluminescent devices formed with rare earth metal containing cathode”, US Patent application no. 10/656,641, September 2003 (pending).
  9. C.S. Lee, S.T. Lee, Y. Lifshitz, S.W. Tong, “Ultraviolet light-illuminated fluorocarbon films for OLED applications”, US Patent application no. 11/124,686, filed on 9 May 05 (pending).
  10. S.T. Lee, C.S. Lee, B.X. Mi, P.F. Wang, “Improvement in red-emitting electrophosphorecent Devices”, US Patent application No. 11/133,664, March 2005. (pending)

• Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
  1. S.T. Lee, C.S. Lee, N. Wang, I. Bello, C.H. L. Lai, X.T. Zhou and F.C.K. Au, "Method for growing beta-silicon carbide nanorods, and preparation of patterned field-emitters by chemical vapor deposition (CVD)", US Patent no. 6,221,154, 24 April 2001.
  2. S. T. Lee, N. Wang, C. S. Lee and I. Bello, "Growth method for silicon nanowires and nanoparticle chains from silicon monoxide", US Patent no. 6,313,015, 6 November 2001.
  3. S.T. Lee, I. Bello, C.S. Lee, Q. Li, N.G. Shang, "Large area silicon cone arrays fabrication and cone based nanostructure modification", US Patent No. 6,761,803, 13 July 2004.
  4. S. T. Lee, C. P. Li, X. H. Sun, N. B. Wong, C. S. Lee, Boon K. Teo, “Room temperature solutions synthesis of multiwalled carbon nanostructures”, US Patent No. 7,132,126 B2, 7 Nov 2006

• Diamond, Nanodiamond and Superhard Coatings
  1. S.T. Lee, C.S. Lee, I. Bello, Y.W. Lam and H. K. Woo, "Method of  heteroepitaxial growth of beta silicon carbide on silicon", US Patent No.5,879,450, March 9, 1999.
  2. S.T. Lee, C.S. Lee, Z.D. Lin and Y.W. Lam, "Deposition method for heteroepitaxial diamond", US Patent No. 6,063,187, May 16, 2000.

Conferences Organization                                                                [back]

Invited Talks                                                                [back]

1. “Influences of Connecting Unit Architecture on the Performance of Tandem Organic Light-Emitting Devices”, The 10th Asian Symposium on Information Display (ASID 2007), Singapore
2. “Approaches for Enhancing Efficiency of Organic Photovoltaic Devices”, International Display Manufacturing Conference & Exhibition, 3-6 July 2007, Taipei.
3. “Interfaces of organic semiconductors and their influences on device performance”, Workshops on OLED Applications in Information Displays, 22-23 January 2007, The University of Hong Kong.
4.  “Organic heterojunctions and their roles in organic optoelectronic devices”, The 6th International Meeting on Information Display& International Manufacturing Display Conference, 22-25 August  2006, Korea
5. Organic heterojunctions and their roles in organic optoelectronic devices”, The 6^th International Meeting on Information Display& International Manufacturing Display Conference, 22-25 August  2006, Korea

6. “Carrier Injection Barrier Formation at Metal/Organic Interface”, Symposium on Optics & Photonics 2005, SPIE’s 50^th Annual Meeting, 31 July – 4 August 2005, San Diego, USA

7. “Novel properties of Si and II-VI nanowires and nanoribbons”, International Conference on Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies, 14-18 June 2005, Greece.

8. “Carrier injection barrier at Alq3/metal interface”, Workshop of Creative Basic Research Project “Elucidation and Control of Interfaces Related to Electronic Devices”, 21-22 September 2004, Wako, Japan.

9. “Semiconducting Nanowires and Device Applications”, The 21^st Annual Symposium of HKIE, 23 October 2003, Hong Kong.

10. “OLED Research in CityU”, Hong Kong Display Industry Roadmap Forum, 10 September 2003, Hong Kong Optoelectronics Association, Hong Kong

11. “Atomic Structure and electronic properties of silicon nanowires”, The 12^th International Conference on Scanning Tunneling Microscopy, 21-25 July 2003, Eindhoven, Netherlands.

12. “Laser ablation synthesis of inorganic nanowires", The Asian Symposium on Recent Trend in Applications of Laser Abaltion, 14-15 Nov 2002, Nagasaki, Japan.

13. “Applications of high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy to OLEDs studies”, 3^rd International Conference on Electroluminescence of Molecular Materials and Related Phenomena, September 2001 (USA).

14. “Diamond heteroepitaxial nucleation by ion beam impart”, 6^th Applied Diamond Conferences/2^nd Frontier Carbon Technology Joint Conference (ADC/FCT 2001), August 2001 (USA)

15. “Engineering of the metal/polyfluorene interface”, International Conference on Materials for Advanced Technologies 2001, July 2001 (Singapore).

16. “Diamond nucleation by ion beam”, International Conference on Materials for Advanced Technologies 2001, July 2001 (Singapore).

17. “Semiconductor nanowires”, NanoTechnhology Symposium – NanoTechnhology & Our Future, June 2001 (Hong Kong).

18. “Oxide-assisted synthesis and characterisation of semiconductor nanowires”, National Conference on Nanosciences and Surface Sciences, May 2001 (Beijing).

19. “Semiconductor nanowires and nanocrystalline diamond”, Institute of Nano Science & Technology Inaugural Ceremony and Workshop, May 2001 (Hong Kong).

20. “Indentification of diamond nucleation sites and their implication on heteroepitaxial growth”, 7th International Conf. On New Diamond Science & Tech., July 2000 (Hong Kong).

21. “Synthesis of semiconductor Nanowires”, Micro Engineering & Nanotechnology II, April 2000 (UK).

22. “Performance enhancement of OLED by process and surface engineering”, The 5^th Frontier-Science Research Conference: Science and Technology of Organic Light-Emitting Materials, November 1999. (USA)

23. “High performance organic light-emitting devices through optimisation and new design”, The 5^th International Conference on Science and Technology of Display Phosphors, November 1999. (USA)

24. “Performance optimisation of organic electroluminescent devices”, The 5^th International Union of Materials Research Society International Conference on Advanced Materials, June 1999. (China)

25. “Rolling Texture in FCC Metals”, Materials Department, RISO National Laboratory, Denmark, July 1993. (Denmark)

Research Grants                                                                [back]